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„Człowiek w mocy Ducha Świętego”. Teologiczne założenia pneumatologicznej antropologii Nikosa Angelosa Nissiotisa

Author(s): Zygfryd Glaeser / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 18/2018

The presented study is a presentation of the basic assumptions of the pneumatological anthropology of one of the most outstanding Greek Orthodox theologians of the XX century, Nikos Angelos Nissiotis. His anthropology is christologically and pneumatologically oriented. Nissiotis proposes that the paradigm of interpreting the science of the creation of man should make the mystery of the incarnation. He is convinced, that looking at the activities of the Trinity through an incarnation prism, the problem of the beginning, being and destiny of man acquires a truly christocentric character. At the same time, he emphasizes the role of the Holy Spirit in realizing the saving mission of Christ. He points out that the highest goal of man’s transformation is to be with Christ. Deification in its essence is a process of christification, which means being with Christ and being carried by the Holy Spirit. He emphasizes, that man must be defined in relation to his fulfilment which he achieves in Christ and in relation to the Holy Spirit.

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„Hamis barátok rebelliója”. Szűcs Jenő Dózsa-tanulmányai – 40 év után

Author(s): Pál Ács / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 04/2014

Jenő Szűcs (1928−1988) was a historian of great influence in the 1970s and 1980s, one of the renewers of Hungarian historical studies but has since been partially forgotten. In the 1970s, he wrote several important works on the „ideology” of Dózsa’s peasant war, that is, on the religious-intellectual background of the revolt. In striking opposition to the Marxist political understanding of the era, he did not pinpoint the real motives of the Dózsa revolt in economic and social tensions but in the peculiar spiritualism of Franciscan intellectuals. He saw the concepts of the Franciscan opposition as a kind of „pre-Reformation”. It was in connection to the Dózsa revolt that Jenő Szűcs elaborated his famous and much disputed thesis on the roots of Hungarian Protestant movements in the Franciscan opposition. The present essay seeks to weigh Szűcs’s four-decade old theses: it studies them in the light of the latest international trends in the research of Reformation and Millenarism.

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„Trnavské dilemy“ a Daniel Krman

Author(s): Svorad Zavarský / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 2/2018

This article identifies and explores one important phenomenon of the intellectual history of Slovakia in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. This phenomenon, referred to by Daniel Krman the younger as Dilemmata Tyrnaviensia (the Trnava dilemmas), is here discussed against the broader backdrop of its sources and influence. The article is a contribution towards a better understaning of the impact of religious controversies on the intellectual, societal and political development of Slovakia around 1700.

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„Tušti titulai“ ir tikrieji vardai: LDK protestantų į(si)vardijimai senojoje raštijoje

Author(s): Dainora Pociute / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 7/2006

The article discusses the confessional identity of the protestants of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and its definition in the official documents and popular religious literature of the 16–17th century. The article questions the permanent aim of historians to necessarily relate the processes of early evangelism in GDL to a specific doctrine of Lutheranism, Cvinglism, Calvinism. The article mentions that from the beginning of the Reformation all names used for evangelicals were derived from the official environment of the Roman church and were of the eponymic (related to the name) origin, and were quite offensive. The term Lutheran was a most favoured definition of all Reformation period heresies in the early Roman catholic use, therefore a historian cannot rely on the assumption that such a name defines the confessional identity of those times. The article discusses the definition of the confessional identity of Lithuanian protestants. It is noticed that in the early documents of GDL during the reformation period (1543–1566) the GDL protestants avoided any links of their organisations to the confessions of Augsburg or Switzerland and referred to themselves and their churches as the Christian denominations by juxtaposing them to the confession of the Roman Catholics. However, after the death of knight M. Radvilas the Black in 1566 Mikalojus Pacas published Confession of faith and its annexes related the doctrine confessed by GDL protestants with the religion of Helvets and applied the definition of Saxon and Augsburg religion to Lutheran confession. From 80’s of the 16 century the term Evangelical became to be used together with Christian in the popular works of protestants, whereas at the end of the century the official GDL documents associate their church with the Reformed Church. Nevertheless, despite the facts that eponyms used by Catholics were offensive, in the long run many of them became used among the protestants themselves. At the beginning they were applied only to describe the representatives of other confessions, however from the 17th century they started calling themselves Calvinists or the representatives of the Calvinist confession. This process is clearly witnessed by the testaments of GDL reformers and some other official documents, but not the mass church written works, which used Christian and Evangelic terms. Only in the use of 18th century the compound of two words became used, which is still popular today – Reformed evangelicals. In such a way the eponymic origin of the term was dropped out to describe confessional identity and reflected the authentic nature of the GDL Reformed church.

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Традиционалните евангелско-протестански цркви во Македонија по Втората светска војна (1947 – 1987)

Author(s): Jovan Jonovski / Language(s): Macedonian / Issue: 1/2017

Traditional evangelical-Protestant churches in the period after WWII in Macedonia are Methodist and Baptist churches, and one home-church that will become Church of God. In 1947 there are 8 Methodist churches and three mission station with 5 pastors, and 2 Baptist Churches with one bi-vocational preachers. In 1948 a government body that deals with the religious community is formed.The Law on Religious Communities of 1953 forbids religious activities outside church property, and therefore many church communities not owning a building are forced to stop, with several punishments for those not abiding. In 1954 there are 3000 Methodist and 3000 Baptist in Yugoslavia.The services of the secret police and military intelligence were asking preachers to report on their activities, especially when going abroad. The government is obstructing the building of Church buildings. In 1962 there are 1920 Methodists with 6 preachers and 37 Baptist with one preacher.In this period Methodist preachers are Pane Temkov, Vladimir Daskalov, Krum Kalajliev, Kosta Karamazov, Ceko Cekov, Asen Palankov, Kiro Buhov, Zora Vuchkova, Nada Shamanova, Nikola Arnaudov, Krum Ivanov, Boris Donchev, Kitan Petreski, Bozhin Kostadinov, Georgi Milchev and Mihail and Pavle Cekov. They are rotating as a pastors in Skopje, Strumica, Prilep, Bitola, Murtino, Koleshino, Monospitovo, Veljusa, Radovish and Raklish.Baptist preachers, Ivan Rusjakov, Strahil Grozdanov, Marijan Hlastan, Chedo Ralevich, Ivan and Samuel Grozdanov, Bore Blazhevski, Branko Trajkovski and Sande Kotev are pastoring churches in Skopje, Radovish, Murtino and Bansko.This period ends with the forming of new Еvangelical-Protestant churches in 1987, Evangelical and Congregational churches, when a new period starts with larger numbers of believers are accepting Evangelical-protestant Christianity as a choice, rather than by tradition.

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ЧЕРНІВЕЦЬКА ЄВАНГЕЛЬСЬКА РЕЛІГІЙНА ГРОМАДА ЯК СКЛАДОВА РЕЛІГІЙНОЇ ПАЛІТРИ БУКОВИНИ: СТАНОВЛЕННЯ, РОЗВИТОК, ЗНАЧЕННЯ У КУЛЬТУРНОМУ РОЗМАЇТТІ РЕГІОНУ

Author(s): Natalia Masian / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 4/2017

The aim of research is investigation of the reasons of evangelical religious community origin, its influence at cultural and educational development of Bukovina is a great significance for understanding the impact of segment of multicultural area on modern worldview of religious and cultural variety of region. The article basis is made on the documents of the archived funds of Evangelic religious community of Chernivtsi, Bukovynean regional administration, Chernivtsi city magistracy, researches of the Austrian historians and researchers of a particular region of Johann Polek, Kornelij Kozak, Eduard Fisher about protestantism on Bukovyna and history of development of Chernivtsi evangelic community. Especially valuable information is got from the statistical reports of the Bukovynean regional administration, results of censuses of population of Bukovyna in relation to intensity of distribution of evangelists, from documents about regulation activity of community and any associations of members of community, that open educator, their cultural and educational and social meaningful activity. The Community united christians-evangelists that lived in cities Chernivtsi, Kizman, Sadagura, suburbs of Rosh and Kalichanka, villages of Molodia, Tarashany, Szuchka and Lashkivka and entered in the complement of Chernivtsi evangelic parsonage. There were used such research methodologies like descriptive – generalization of sources; comparative – for analysis, synthesis and generalization of scientific theories. Scientific novelty consists in determining the role of evangelical community to form a multireligious and multi-ethnicity of our region. Conclusions. There were traditionally many different confessions in Bukovyna: orthodoxy, catholicism, old believer, judaism and other. The migration movement to Bukovyna, first of all for people of Germans originally, which was initiated by Austrian government in the end ХVIII of century by a grant to them of certain rights and freedoms, in particular in using protestant religion, resulted in a volume, that in the second half of ХІХ of century protestantism became the third after Orthodoxy and catholicism because of importance by the constituent of religious palette of Bukovyna. Evangelical religious community contributed to the spread of the reformation achievements in multi-ethnic community in Bukovina. By its activity community contributed to the implementation of initiatives to open and develop educational, commercial, industrial, religious and healthcare institutions, which had a positive impact on the development of the region in general.

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