Adattár iványi Fekete László füleki alkapitány jobbágyainak személyneveiről (1670-1684)
Onomastic Examination of a 17th Century Relic of Historical Linguistics
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Onomastic Examination of a 17th Century Relic of Historical Linguistics
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The choice of the above address is not accidental. The praedicatum of this Hungarian noble family extinct on female line, indicates that they probably originally did not live in Trencsén. Our renowned genealogists only briefly deal with the family and its members, which is understandable, as there was no successor who could have provided relevant information on the male line. The purpose of this paper is to address this shortcoming of the aforementioned books on the basis of a strange testament, and, at the same time, to analyse and interpret the testament itself.
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It goes without saying that people who used to be portrayed in Estonia belonged among the wealthiest and most powerful in society. Representatives of the lower classes, including the peasantry, were as a rule not portrayed, and if they were depicted at all, the aim was to record their typical clothes or jobs they were carrying out at the moment. Thus the first pictures of faces of Estonian peasants appeared as late as the turn of the 17th–18th centuries, although even then these images were not really portraits, as these largely constituted just some sort of ‘labels’ on the presents the peasants made to their local church, for example, portraits of two peasants at Kirna manor in Järva County, Nätsa Ants (Netze Hans) and Reegla Jaan (Rekela Jahn). These images were on the frame of an oil painting Adoration of the Shepherds, donated by the two men to the church in Türi in spring 1692. The same can be seen in the glass painting technique portraits of two Lohusuu peasants, Johan Karlipoeg (Johan Carl Soñ) and Vadi Andres (Andres Hans Poick), donated to the church at Lohusuu near Lake Peipsi together with new windows in 1723. A totally different, more detailed manner is represented, for example, by two watercolour portraits of peasants in western Saaremaa, painted in the early 1740s by a missionary despatched there from Moravian Brethren in Herrnhut in Germany.
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Starting with the Middle Ages institutionalized care for the poor and the appearance of hospitals became a clear sign of urban development. This was the case in medieval and early modern Kolozsvár also. When the city had lost its status as a free royal city in 1665 all the institutions administered by the local counsel underwent a series of changes. These changes did not leave unaffected the hospitals either. By the time Kolozsvár regained her lost privileges in 1712 out of the three medieval hospitals, only one was still operating, the Saint Elisabeth. Right around this time Catholicism started to regain some of its former status in Kolozsvár shattered by the reformation and it became once more the crown’s favored religion. This change in status led to the repossession and reorganization of formerly catholic institutions and properties in the city, chief among them the hospital of Saint Elisabeth.
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Dragomirna Monastery holds objects and documents that make reference to a church dedicated to the “Holy Trinity” within the monastery. A particular seal and the correspondence of Dragomirna Monastery from the 19th and 20th centuries refer to this church without indicating its location. Reference to the church of the “Holy Trinity” from Dragomirna is made in a letter of Prince Miron Barnovsky to Tsar Michael I from December 9, 1628. Whereas the inscription on the bell tower built by Miron Barnovschi reads that the church of Dragomirna is dedicated to the Descent of the Holy Spirit, which is the same patron feast indicated in the manuscripts of Metropolitan Anastasius Crimca. The author elucidates the apparent mystery of a church with two patron feasts by analyzing the ancient calendars used by Orthodox peoples. Thus, the Russians to this day have no place in their calendars for “the Descent of the Holy Spirit”, instead celebrating the Holy Trinity fifty days after Pascha, at Pentecost. This explains the mention of this patronage in the correspondence with the Tsar. On the other hand, up to the 20th century, in the Romanian Principalities, the churches dedicated to the Descent of the Holy Spirit and to the Holy Trinity celebrated their patronage on the same day, at Pentecost.
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The present study documents the history of the No. 391 manuscript from the A. S. Uvarov Collection of the Moscow State History Museum. It is a Triodion-Pentecostarion which was commissioned by bishop Theodosius of Rădăuți in 1543 and renewed by another bishop Theodosius (Barbovsky) of Rădăuți in 1603. The author also publishes the hitherto unpublished dedicatory notes of both hierarchs and a brief archaeographical description of the manuscript.
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The article deals with anthroponymic material, but also analysis other data found in the parish registers of births (1658-1706), marriages and deaths (1663-1706) which are kept in the parish archives of the town of Murter and which are written in glagolic script. Along with the general data concerning the registers, parsons and priests which were filling in the registers, and the churches in which these ceremonies were performed, the article also outlines a series of transliterated entries and creates an index of the last names of born, married and deceased persons, from the registers. A limited statistical analysis is also applied. Special attention is paid to the first and last names found in the register of the town of Murter. The material published in this article presents a great contribution to our knowledge of the Murter population from the 17th century, and points to the possibilities and necessities of a more serious demographic research.
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The Austrian victories in the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) sparked interest throughout Europe for the regions conquered from the Ottoman Empire. This was manifested in numerous books, brochures and proclamations, that sought to introduce readers to the history and geography of the Danube area, Pannonia and Balkans. This article aims to examine the anonymous soldier’s diary from the campaign of 1688, which ended with capturing of Belgrade, one of the most important fortresses of the Ottoman Empire. This manuscript has until now been unpublished and unknown in Serbian historiography. The diary is partly motivated by the author’s desire to convey image of the areas in which he fought and to preserve its description for the „new generations“. Therefore, this manuscript isn’t only a classical diary; it has features of travelogue or itinerary. The author’s personality remains unknown to us. We can only deduce that he was inhabitant of Franconia, and that he spent two years in the service of count Heinrich Friedrich of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, before he joined ranks of the army. The author devotes only sporadic attention to purely military matters, but nevertheless the information regarding discipline, marching tempo and customs prevalent in the late 17th century Austrian army can be gauged. However, the manuscript informs us more generously of the living and dietary habits of the local population; furthermore it is an eyewitness testimony of the diversity of vegetation and crops in the Danube and Belgrade area.
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Рад се односи на соколарe једног дела Румелије, који су пописани приликом општег пописа припадникa овог повлашћеног слоја становништва, обављеног у другој половини 17. века у ејалетима Румелија, Џезаир и Будим. Порта је овом полувојном реду, за њихову службу, додељивала извесне пореске олакшице, које су се, пре свега, огледале у уживању одређеног поседа и поштеди од плаћања џизје, спенџе и авариза, код хришћана, или ресума на бенак, код муслимана. Извор саопштен у додатку говори о њиховом броју, врстама, именима, повластицама, као и о соколарским средиштима на подручју централног Балкана.
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Introduction. For our ancestors, especially those living from 16th to 18th century, hunting was not only a way to obtain some wild game, but, above all, a favorite entertainment, increasing one`s social position. Moreover, hunting on horseback, using dogs and falcons, was considered not only as a leisure time activity, but as an important physical and psychical strength training of future knights, necessary for defending our country. Aim. Introduction of different forms of utilization of horses, dogs and predatory birds, evolving together with gradually changing functions of physical activities – from life necessities to sports. Methods. An analysis of specialist literature. Results & Conclusions. Nowadays horses and dogs are used mainly for pleasure and sports activities, sometimes also for therapeutic reasons. However, there are some active historical reconstruction groups, successfully attempting to prevent the traditional activities, such as falconry, from extinction.
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Die Analyse des Wortschatzes von Papić zeigt, welche Aufmerksamkeit die Franziskaner-Schriftsteller der Sprache ihrer literarischen Werke schenkten, besonders den Übersetzungen aus den europaischen Sprachen. Als eine Quelle des Vortschatzes von Papić können die Werke der Autoren aus Dalmatien und Dubrovnik angefilhrt werden, die Werke von Matija Divković, dem Grunder der Franziskaner-Literatur, alte lexikographische Werke und Mundarten. Die Auswahl der lexikalischen Einheiten ist bei Papić eine Frage des Stils, dadurch formt er seinen erzahlerischen Text, so dass man in dem Sinne vom stilematischen Wert seiner lexikalischen Lösungen sprechen kann.
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Our presentation focuses on the maritime terminology operating in the Romanian medieval society. For a better configuration of the subject under investigation, we have selected samples of language phenomena from the lexicographic work of Teodor Corbea, dating back to the end of the 17th century and entitled Dictiones latinae cum valachica interpretatione – the most comprehensive lexicon of the old Romanian culture. Our research option is justified by the fact that, until the present moment, a systematic study of the beginnings of Romanian maritime terminology has not attracted the attention of either field specialists (linguists) or historians of Romanian navigation as such.
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Da die vorliegende Arbeit das literarische Schaffen der bosnischen Fran ziskaner vom Anfang des 17. bis Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts behandelt, erfordert das eine Analyse der Sprache dieser Schriftsteller nach den »Zeitkreisen«, wobei eine allmähliche Entwicklung der Franziskaner-Koine durch die Einebnung der Unterschiede zwischen den wichtigsten dialektalen Areas, aus denen diese Literatur stammt, auffällt. Während in den Werken der ersten Schriftsteller (Divković und Bandulavić) der eigene Idiolekt noch sehr auffällt, ist bei den Schriftstellern des 18. Jahrhunderts ein Überbrücken der dialektalen Unterschiede mittels einer Norm, die auf einem Kompromiß beruht, festzustellen. Diese Norm stützt sich sowohl auf die sprachliche Realität dieser Gebiete /Kompromiß zwischen der ikawischen und ijekawischen Verschiebung des Lautes »jat«) als auch auf die sprachliche Tradition der Literatur, zu der die Franziskaner von Anfang an Kontakte pflegen (die Literatur in Dubrovnik und die religiöse glagolische Volksliteratur in Kroatien: Stakavisierung, Beibehaltung des Graphe s h, Lexik). Da die Werke der Franziskaner religiöse Kompilationen und Übersetzungen (aus deim Italienischen und Lateinischen) sind, unterliegen sie syntaktisch den Einflüssen der Sprache des Originals. Später kommen die mundartlichen Eigenschaften nur vereinzelt zum Vorschein, sie sind nicht frequent und stellen eine Randerscheinung dar.
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Review of: Darija Gabrić-Bagarić, "Jezik Ivana Bandulavića, bosanskog franjevca iz 17. vijeka", Svjetlost, Sarajevo, 1989.; by: Jasenka Trtak
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In this paper, I argue for the usefulness of the historical study of concepts for the understanding of relations between the arts and between the different disciplines of arts research. Discussion on concepts often focuses on precision: by careful definition and delimitation we make concepts into functional “tools” that are the result of a linear, teleological formation. Such streamlining often obscures from view the multiple, fragmentary origins of concepts and their transfer across disciplinary borders. Yet it is particularly the ambiguity and discursivity of concepts that renders them their cultural and critical relevance. Taking as an example the concept of burlesque, I demonstrate the role of concepts as sites of debate that retain their edge even when they become adapted to new contexts. The case of burlesque shows how interdisciplinarity begins “at home”: much of the critical vocabulary that literary studies uses is not its own but shared with and shaped by other arts and disciplines.
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The paper examines the dominant conception of “Descartes’ dualism” that is found in the “Ryle-Dennett tradition”. It is argued that a more meaningful alternative to this conception can be found in Sellars’ proposition to treat philosophy as a synthesis of two images of man-in-the-world – “manifest” and “scientific” image. The paper concludes that the “Ryle-Dennett tradition” misuses the argument “from history.” In fact, that argument may be reversed against this tradition itself. It also conclude\s that there is a sufficient textual basis for the interpretation of the Descartes’ philosophy outside the genre of “the history of an error”.
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О називу и карактеру, о постанку и историјском развитку ћирилице у западним предјелима српскохрватског језичког подручја, сачуване у рукописним споменицима из тих крајева — Босна, Дубровник и Пољица у средњој Далмацији, а и у штампаним књигама босанских фрањеваца, постоји прилично обимна литература), у којој су о споменутим питањима изнесена врло неуједначена и, често, међусобно супротна мишљења.
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The paper is devoted to the attribution of the mold for casting of baptismal crosses (most likely, four-pointed, two-sided) and the lace pendants from the archaeological fund of the National Museum of the Republic of Tatarstan. The mold has not been fully preserved (5.7 × 4.65 × 1.85 cm). The material from which the bar is made is dolomite from mountainous areas, presumably from the Urals or the Caucasus. The presumable place of finding is Bolgar, Spassky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. In the hallmarks of the cross, there is a part of the Troparion of the Cross of the Lord “KRE//ST/UT/VO” (Krestu Tvoemu poklonyaemsya, Vladyko, i svyatoe voskresenie Tvoe slavim [Thy Cross do we adore, o Master, and thy holy Resurrection do we glorify]). The paper gives a number of analogies from Pskov, Novgorod, and Ilimsk ostrogs. Similar delicate pendants are also represented in the archaeological collection of A. Likhachev in the funds of the National Museum of the Republic of Tatarstan. On the basis of the comparative-typological analysis of the subject, a version about its chronological frameworks in the 17th – 18th centuries has been put forward. The results of the radiographic analysis of the material from which the mold is made have been also discussed.
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The paper is devoted to the attitude of the British public to the problem of creation and development of a regular army in the Three Kingdoms during the second half of 17th – early 18th centuries. After the civil wars in the middle of the 17th century, the regular army institution was established in England. The problem of army and tyranny favored by it was little discussed in the English press until 1688 because of the censorship. After the Glorious Revolution, criticism or apologetics of the idea of creating a regular royal army became an interesting and popular theme for British pamphlets. In the late 17th century, John Trenchard was the leading author, who criticized the regular army as a tool of tyranny. Daniel Defoe, who defended the view that armed forces are needed to defend the state and religious independence of Great Britain, developed an active debate with him. Many other publicists both actively supported and opposed regular army establishment in the Three Kingdoms. The problem remained relevant to the British public until the second half of the 18th century.
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Except in terms of defining Belgrade Fortress extent, the Paris Government showed minima linterest in the application of the regulations of the Protocole of Kanlidja Agreement from 8 September, 1862. This conclusion refers to the work of both SerbianTurkish Civil Committees, the duties of which were to define the compensation for the damages made during the bombing of Belgrade and eviction of the Turks from Serbia. According to their interests, these questions were not important enough to engage the great powers, as well as to question the mutual agreement that was supposed to be made in much important problems, such as: Polish uprising in 1863, PrussianDanish conflict in 1864, Prussian Austrian conflict in 1866 and the change to the throne of Romania in the same year. It was clear to the powers that due to the settling of the situation in Serbia, as well as the way it was imposing these questions, the Principality had no intention to stop its relationship with the Port because of them. That was the most important thing for the powers. In any case, their interest was calculated to deprive Serbia of any reason for conflict. The disturbed relations of France and Russia after the Polish uprising in 1863, which damaged the preexisting joined action of the two forces on the Eastern Question, were undoubtedly the main reason for such relation of France to the Principality.
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