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«ВІРЮ В БЕТОВЕНА!»: МУЗИЧНА КОМПОНЕНТА ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ СТЕПАНА ЧАРНЕЦЬКОГО

Author(s): Oksana Frait / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 41/2022

The aim of the work is to outline the achievements of the writer Stepan Charnetsky as a music critic and publicist, to analyze typical samples of his journalism through the prism of intermediality and intertextuality. Research methods are based on the intermediate approach to studying the interaction of music, theater and literature on the artist’s identity as a journalist. General scientific research and typological methods, together with the generalization method are used in the work. The methodology of content analysis, as well as empirical methods of description, observation and reflection for the interpretation of qualitative parameters of the musical component of Stepan Charnetsky’s journalism are involved. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the introduction and generalization of the musical component in the journalism of the writer and theatrical figure. For the first time, genre features, cognitive and artistic values, intermediate and intertextual features of this area were revealed. Conclusions: Stepan Charnetsky's journalism with a musical component is represented by various genres (feuilleton, essay, critique, review, memoir, obituary, source paper, open letter, etc.) and a wide range of topics, such as music and society, music in other arts, firsthand information-source material due to personal acquaintance with musical figures, the ability to work with archival sources and documents, as well as the ability to scientific systematics of cultural phenomena and its ‘texts’. The innate musicality of the author of the famous Ukrainian Sich Riflemen’ Anthem played a significant role. The texts on music are saturated with a sublime tone, subtle vibrations of his inner world that resonate with the macrocosms - both national and cross-cultural. Cathartic and transcendent possibilities of this art are often reflected in such texts. Charnetsky’s entry into non-literary space was marked by some drawbacks, touching on the lack of musical competencies. Nevertheless, this work of Stepan Charnetsky is considered as valuable, informative and full of artistic charm of the talented writer’s pen.

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КОБЗАРСТВО ЯК УНІКАЛЬНЕ ЯВИЩЕ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ МУЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ

Author(s): Vasylʹ Grigorovich Romanchyshyn / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 41/2022

Purpose of Research. The purpose of the research is to characterise the nature of the Kobzar phenomenon as an organic component of Ukrainian national musical culture. Research Methodology. The research methodology is based on the systemic approach in the study of the highlighted issues and a set of the following methods: comparative, cultural, historical, analytical ones. Scientific Novelty. The scientific novelty consists in an attempt of the complex analysis, which include the determination of the essence of the Kobzars phenomenon, and the investigation its main features and peculiarities and the generalisation of the understanding of the Kobzar culture as a national high spiritual creative potential of the folk-cultural reality as a kind of stage in the development of national folk creativity in the paradigm of the Ukrainian musical tradition. Conclusions. The author has defined Kobzar art as a unique phenomenon of national Ukrainian music and song culture. The uniqueness and originality of the Kobzar phenomenon is in the fact of the existence and spreading of the Kobzar culture in the following areas as a folk and everyday environment, i the worldview essence of the singer’s personality, the high demands on his spiritual and moral world, musical skills, abilities, self-improvement, the understanding of their purposes and the performance of their duties and missions, the selection of the repertoire. Kobzar art is an indicator of the high civilizational development of folk traditions, musical culture and the Ukrainian people as a whole.

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World music: на перетині глобального та етнокультурного

Author(s): Ivan Vasyliovych Bobul / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 41/2022

Purpose of Research. The purpose of the research is to investigate the musical direction of world music as a polystylistic musical phenomenon that arose at the intersection of globalization trends and local folklorism from the point of view of a modern cultural phenomenon. Methodology. The research methodology combines the use of a systemic approach, as well as a set of the following methods: art history and cultural, analytical, comparative, historical ones, which are applied to the consideration of the concept of world music in modern musical art. Scientific Novelty. The scientific novelty of the research is the fact that for the first time the phenomenon of the musical direction of world music was investigated from the standpoint of the relationship among the categories of global, local and glocal in their cultural expression. Conclusions. In the conditions of globalisation and glocalisation, when the processes of fragmentation and compression of cultural texts are present in the world of total communication, all cultures are involved into each other, all of them are «hybrid», heterogeneous, differentiated. The musical direction of world music became a natural stage in the development of world culture and art, affecting a number of national cultures. Not being devoid of objective criticism, this direction serves as a source of intercultural communication and mutual enrichment of cultures. The processes of world migration with the music industry develop their own musical structures, technologies, performance contexts, influencing the socio-cultural environments of national societies. However, the resulting new transnational cultural products also affect authentic cultural samples, giving them new meanings as well. In the conditions of modern life, it is impossible to avoid international influences - ideological, stylistic or technological. Modern music is shaped by both global and local trends, where the local is more relational than oppositional. Contemporary music articulates global social, musical and economic aspects that encompass the experience of both national, locally authentic cultures and world musical practices. All these trends connect with the complex network of modern mass cultural communication, giving rise to new cultural and artistic contexts and phenomena.

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The Effects of New Communication Technologies on Teenagers: The Case Study of Computer Games

Author(s): Erisela Marko / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2022

This study investigates the effects of computer games on teenagers in Famagusta, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Most games are inspired from other media as books, TV, films, etc. For this kind of media entertainment, the term ‘passive entertainment’ is used. However, computer games and video games are considered as ‘interactive entertainment’. Computer games are interactive because they make people to feel that they are inside the story. 400 teenagers, 200 boys and 200 girls participated in this research from four different schools in Famagusta. Two of the schools are high schools and two others are secondary schools. Each participant completed a questionnaire with 35 closed-ended questions. The data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS 10.00 program. Using the data gathered with the questionnaire, whether playing computer games affects the children’s school performance; whether decreases their participation on social activities; whether evokes aggressive behavior; and whether causes the feeling of loneliness is discussed.

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RAZVOJ GRADA MOSTARA U PRVIM DECENIJAMA XVII STOLJEĆA

Author(s): Faruk Taslidža / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

This contribution looks at the development perspectives of Mostar in the first half of the 17th century. It points to the continuation of the urbanization process that took place successfully in that city despite a series of aggravating circumstances. In this regard, the role of two Mostar vakifs is emphasized: defterdar Koski Mehmed Pasha and roznameji Ibrahim Effendi. With an insight into the relevant historical sources, the author provides valuable information about the flourishing of local craftsmanship, as well as the business successes of Mostar merchants who make their way to the overseas market with their products. A high level of cultural and educational life was also confirmed for the treated time frame. In the end, it was noted that the aforementioned development trends in Mostar were maintained almost until the middle of the 17th century, that is, until the beginning of the Ottoman-Venetian Kandian War (1645-1669).

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„MOSTAR - LA - MORTE“ – POGLED NA MOSTAR U PUTOPISU HERMANNA WENDELA

Author(s): Ajdin Muhedinović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

his paper presents Wendel’s perception of these areas with a focus on Mostar and points out certain speciics of this travelogue. he main feature, or rather the diference, of his perception of this area and society, concerning travel writers who previously passed through Bosnia and Herzegovina and wrote about it, is that Wendel is extremely critical of the Austro-Hungarian administration over Bosnia and Herzegovina and sees the main problem that has led not only to the poor economic situation but also to the gradual disappearance of the oriental character of the cities of Bosnia and Herzegovina in which only fragments of the Orient can be found. Wendel’s conclusions are, in essence, just a way for the author to argue his political and ideological thesis that the South Slavs should develop independently in their common state which is inevitably part of Europe and which will continue to develop in the future following general courses of European development. In all this, Wendel sees Bosnia and Herzegovina exclusively as a colony and a failed project of Austro-Hungary, a country whose resources have not been used properly and to which the forty-year rule of a Western empire has not brought anything particularly good. He argues that he compared certain segments of development with the Kingdom of Serbia. When it comes to Wendel’s vision of Mostar, for him it is a city without a future, which was destroyed by the wrong Austro-Hungarian economic policy in this area. From Wendel’s travelogue we can learn something about the attitude of the people towards the Austro-Hungarian occupation and the government or the way of life in Mostar, but not too much. He mostly refers to the Muslim population, and his perception of it contains a number of common orientalist stereotypes. However, he bases his image of the dying city on the economic image of the city and the lack of suicient economic potential to change signiicant things in Mostar.

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MOSTARSKI MOSTOVI U RATU S AKCENTOM NA RUŠENJE STAROG MOSTA

Author(s): Zilha Mastalić Košuta / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

The paper presents events from the recent, wartime history of Bosnia and Herzegovina related to the destruction and demolition of the Mostar bridges, links that connect the two banks of the Neretva River and whose destruction and demolition had multiple goals. In Mostar, an attempt was made to completely erase the existence of earlier cultures and traditions by demolishing bridges. By separating the coasts, he tried to divide the territory, threaten and destroy the population, cut the supply routes, put those defending their territory in a hopeless situation, and more. The emphasis in this paper will be on the destruction and demolition of the Old Bridge, the symbol of the city of Mostar and one of the most monumental buildings from the 16th century, both in Mostar and throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina. For the sake of a clearer and more complete picture in understanding the circumstances of the war, in the introductory part of the work, a brief description of the events in Mostar from April 1992, from the official start of the war and the deployment of military units, to the orders and attacks of those who led to the destruction of the city and the suffering of the population, is given . In the first part of the work entitled Demolition and damage of Mostar's bridges, a brief overview of the demolition of Mostar's, mostly city bridges, which took place mostly in 1992, is presented. Also described are the so-called improvised bridges that were created in the places of collapsed bridges. The method of creating and making such bridges, which is described in this part, is also very interesting. In the second part of the paper entitled Destruction of the Old Bridge until November 1993, the destruction and damage to the Old Bridge, which began in April and May 1992 during the shelling of the city and continued in 1993, intensively after May 9, 1993, is described. In the third part of the work, entitled November 9, 1993, the demolition of the Old Bridge, the events immediately before the complete demolition of the Old Bridge, the circumstances and the manner in which the bridge was demolished, and the events immediately after its demolition are described in detail. In the last part of the paper, entitled Responsibility for the demolition of the Old Bridge - reactions, shifting of blame and manipulation, the reactions to the demolition, domestic and international, attempts to shift the blame from those responsible and to cover up the real truth and manipulation related to it are shown. This part also presents the conclusions from the judgment of the International Court in The Hague, in which, among other things, the responsibility for the demolition of the Old Bridge was considered and established.

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KAMEN I VODA KAO POETSKE ODREDNICE U ODABRANIM SONETIMA SKENDERA KULENOVIĆA

Author(s): Andrijana Nikolić / Language(s): Bosnian,Montenegrine Issue: 5/2022

his work includes sonnets by SkenderKulenović that have a poetic connection - stone and / or water. he basis of Mostar is stone, whether built into cobblestones, built into a bridge, the Old Bridge or a mosque, the stone is a stećak and a mediator between the living and the eternal, the link between this and that world. he river and the stone make up the historical, cultural and mythical, national and everyday being of Mostar, so this work will include and analyze sonnets that mentally and symbolically refer to the stone and water of Mostar. SkenderKulenović, as well as Mak Dizdar, belong to the greats of ex-Yugoslav, ie Bosnian-Herzegovinian literature of the 20th century. his work will include the sonnets„Stećak“, “Putnik“, „Iza bezzidnoga zida“ „Tarih(I)“, „Tarih (II)“, „Ponornica“, „Čuda“, „Mrtvo korito“, „Prh“, „Zlatni ključ“,through which we imported motivic and thematic correlations of Kulenović’s poetry.

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ONIRIČKE VIZIJE PERA ZUPCA: VJEČITI DJEČAK VJEČNE LJUVENE

Author(s): Irena Ivanović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 5/2022

Zubac’s “Ljuvene” show oneiric elements. His poems are created by the intertwining of reality and dreams, life and something greater than life itself, thus becoming a harmony of diferences that are completed into a melodious and layered union. His poem becomes an image of life from the other side, an image of movement, spiritual experiences, of Zubac’s new universe of love, a nucleus of possible and impossible, without boundaries and pretentiousness. An encounter in the new world carries a beauty of idyll. he beloved resurfaces from the old days, she is there to heal the bizarreness of the earthly life. he past is transformed or molded into a dream,representing a mysterious space on the lip side of reality. he poetic nature of that space is of a captivating nature. Zubac’s poetry represents an oneiric, dreamy, imaginative and a pure lyric where there is no sensational, nothing of a pessimistic or ominous nature. he presented dream is immersed into reality, while reality is the already existing well-deined material base of the poem. he reader traverses into the dream spontaneously, mysteriously, magically, and mystically. he beloved is factually dead, but she symbolically exists and thus lives on in author’s dreams. He consoles himself with the dreams: heis cured, tranquilized, and fulilled by them. It seems that in that alternating competition and subduing of dreams and reality, Zubac’s world, where dream and reality are merged into one, is not an illusion: it is a newly created world of mystic touches, glances, encounters of the spirits and spiritual visions. It is the oneiric life.

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KAKO RUBOVI GOVORE O SREDIŠTU (DRUGA VENECIJA PREDRAGA MATVEJEVIĆA)

Author(s): Sanja Franković / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 5/2022

In this paper, Another Venice by Predrag Matvejević is analysed as a travel, poetic and essayistic prose. he author built his own image of Venice starting from marginal motifs such as its wooden pillars, plants, wall reliefs, peripheral islets and natural phenomena to the well-known centre – the former Venetian Republic and its history, culture and art. Marginal motifs indicate the instability of spatial identity: winds and human hands brought plants from diferent parts of the world, and wooden pillars, coniscated by the Venetian conquest of the Croatian coast, testify to the transience of the city’s foundations, which should be replaced over and over again. he illustrations of the city maps and views present the works of anonymous authors from the past, who also contributed to the identity of the city, making its (imaginative) cartography. Making marginal motifs literary and incorporating cartographic illustrations by anonymous authors, Matvejević points to a neglected side of canonised history. Since the motifs are presented in a poetic rhythm, the paper also analyses the style of Matvejević’s work, whose dynamics is built by contrasts, syntactic parallelisms, airmative associations to writers from the past and, in the end, by fragments that place Venice among the Mediterranean cities, thus underlining its debt both to Western and Eastern cultural inluences.

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VIŠEJEZIČNOST I KROSKULTURALNOST U MEDITERANSKOM BREVIJARU PREDRAGA MATVEJEVIĆA – DAME EL MAZAL E ETCHA ME A LA MAR

Author(s): Elma Durmišević-Cernica / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

Mediterranean Breviary, being Predrag Matvejević’s most important book, has been translated into more than twenty languages. Considering this level of readership in Europe and the world, it is no wonder that the book inspired many noteworthy reviews, overviews, and recensions. In this paper, we analyzed the multilingualism and cross-culturality in the Breviary from the discourse analysis point of view, all the while taking into consideration both the pragmalinguistic and sociolinguistic context of the book. When it comes to multilingualism, we analyzed it through the information that we gathered from the author’s biography (Predrag Matvejević’s diferent places of living where he practiced his artistic and scientiic work, while being exposed to diferent languages and cultures; the author’s erudition and the fact that he was a polyglot, as well as the translation of the Breviary to more than twenty languages). Furthermore, the multilingualism of the book can be observed in its use of various languages – Greek, Latin, French, Italian, Arabic, Turkish, and Ladino – that the author resorts to while describing concepts that can be associated with, or are, the Mediterranean itself. he metalanguage used when describing the Mediterranean through linguistic and philological terminology is a direct relection of the book’s multilingualism. he illustrations and photographs that contain inscriptions in other languages airm the multilingualism that is presented pictorially as well. Cross-culturality, a concept that is broader than multilingualism, implies cultural peculiarities: similarities, diferences, encounters, and collisions, all of which can be noticed in communication between diferent cultures that presuppose a language or languages.

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PUTOPISNE MELANHOLIJE PREDRAGA MATVEJEVIĆA ILI VRIJEME POJEDINCA

Author(s): Irma Marić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

Poetical originality and observed encyclopedic knowing of cultural and historical paradigms have put Predrag Matvejević among the most recognizable and signiicant South Slavic essayists and experts of cultural and anthropological questions. We can recognize Matvejević’s aesthetic orientation in the marginal genre determinant – travelogue essay in which the whole range of philosophical, literary, historical, cultural, anthropological and other topics are relected. He was one of the most translated authors with inconceivable inluence to cultural, historical and literary lows of European literature. With his moral and intellectual proile, Hanifa Kapidžić-Osmanagić also recognizes ebullient lyrical spirit. In this paper I want to write about essayistic-travelogue books Mediterranean: A Cultural Landscape and Our Daily Bread, and about Matvejević’s recognizable Mediterranean melancholy, as well.

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KNJIŽEVNI IDENTITET ČASOPISA MOST

Author(s): Lejla Žujo-Marić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

he aim of this research is to analyze the section Literature within the journal Most at the time when his work was renewed. he content of this column is important for shaping the literary identity of journal Most. Given the nature of this research, which will pay special attention to texts that motivate the demolition and reconstruction of the Old Bridge, the research corpus includes issues of journals published for a decade: from 1995 to 2005, and bearing in mind all the above, literary texts of foreign and domestic authors in which the topic of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-1995) appears will also be analyzed.

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GRAD NA KRAJU CARSTVA (Mostar u romanu Mimar Hazima Akmadžića)

Author(s): Amra Bajrić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

Mimar Hajrudin, the architect of the Old Bridge in Mostar, has left a deep trace in the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina, especially in the Bosniak tradition and a certain personality cult has been developed about him so it is not surprising that he was an inspiration to novelist HazimAkmadžić in his novel „Mimar“. his novel focuses on the construction process of the Old Bridge in Mostar where some of the most complicated human realtions were intertwined, as well as the psychological development of the character of mimar Hajrudin, who is gradually approaching his spiritual catharsis and cosmic surging, which raises the construction of the Old Bridge above and beyond this world making it a Universe-worthy project. Having the plot low based on the stated narrative elements, Akmadžić leads the reader to cognition that the Old Bridge in Mostar exceeds its functional value and it represents an exquisite work of art, threaded with ine lines of mimar’s love and serving as a ilter of atonement of mimar’s sins. hus, the destruction of the Old Bridge during the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-1995) is not only the destruction of a monument, it is also killing of a city’s heart and putting its mimar to death.

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PLAVO, CRVENO I ZELENO – INTERAKCIJE U MOSTARSKOM REALITETU

Author(s): Dario Terzić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

Chromatics, as a branch of communication science, is still developing. Until now, we have encountered this somewhat unusual scientiic discipline mainly in marketing, psychology of communication and similar subields. Understanding color as a symbol is only possible by abstracting the meaning on a higher cognitive and connotative level. We see colors, but we categorize them according to the rules of our social group, and our culture. Colors cannot be analyzed outside the context of culture, time and space. Research shows that 87% of information from the environment is received by sight, 9% by hearing, and 4% by other senses. he purpose of this work is to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of coding, and especially the decoding of chromatic messages in environments where interpersonal communication is diicult. Decoding certain colors in the current reality of Mostar was a big challenge.

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ACERCAMIENTO A LA OBRA DRAMÁTICA DE LAURA PAPO: EL TEXTO Y SUS SIGNIFICADOS

Author(s): Ana Cecilia Prenz Kopušar / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 21/2022

Laura Papo Bohoreta's theater, presented through the analysis of plays of the Sephardic tradition and social dramas, is the central topic of this work. On the one hand, we focus on the process of emancipation of the female characters, on the other, we highlight the need to preserve tradition. Two processes that the author combines in her dramatic work, either through conflicts between generations or through convergences between them. We present some of her texts as an example of her way of considering theater, where we find no gap between the dramatic text and the performance.

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ČLANCI O ŽIDOVIMA IZ BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U ZAGREBAČKOM CIONISTIČKOM ČASOPISU ŽIDOV OD 1917. DO 1941.

Author(s): Ljiljana Dobrovšak / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 21/2022

The Zionist magazine Židov was published every Friday from 1917 to 1941 in Zagreb and was the only such magazine in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In addition to reports on socio-political events in Yugoslavia, Palestine, Europe, and the world, the magazine also contained various cultural contributions, polemics, advertisements, as well as obituaries, deaths, weddings, births, and other notices. A special column entitled "From Yugoslavia" contained information on the activities of Jewish municipalities in Yugoslavia, regardless of whether these municipalities were of Sephardic or Ashkenazi origin. Ashkenazis were behind the Zionist magazine Jew, but its articles also covered Sephardim. In this paper, the author analyzed the articles received from Bosnia and Herzegovina and published in the magazine Židov between 1917 and 1941.

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PREVLADAVANJE TRAUMATSKOG ISKUSTVA U POLIDISKURZIVNOJ ROMANESKNOJ KONSTRUKCIJI ZDENKA LEŠIĆA: KNJIGA O TARI KAO PRAKSA SUOSJEĆANJA

Author(s): Ajla Demiragić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 21/2022

Zdenko Lešić, one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's most prominent literary theorists, published two novels in the period following the war: Sarajevo Tabloid (Split 2001) and About Tara (Sarajevo 2004). While the first novel, in the words of the author himself, can be read as a „contemplation of eternal human suffering, which tragically repeated itself in besieged Sarajevo” (2015:283), About Tara is a tragic family story from the immediate wartime past written through the experience of radical displacement in South Korea and the encounter with the Buddhist teachings. Relying on theoretical works about trauma fiction, this article aims to explore the novel About Tara as a polydiscursive text that reflects upon the possibilities of overcoming a traumatic experience through the Buddhist principle of compassion (karunā).

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COMPARISON OF GRAPHIC AND TEXTUAL BIOGRAPHIES IN SLOVENIAN LITERATURE

Author(s): Ana Toplak / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2022

The paper compares two graphic biographies with traditional biographies of the same authors – renowned Slovenian writers Alma Karlin and Ivan Cankar. It compares the manner in which graphical and text-only biographies present the characters, the character’s emotions and expressions, which life events they emphasize, and how they address the criterion of objectivity. The results suggest that the biographies in the two Slovenian graphics are less objective than textual biographies due to the pictorial material. Textual biographies present more information about the subject, while graphic biographies focus more on individual events, statements, and emotions, and present them more appealingly.

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POLITIKA(E) USKLAĐIVANJA PORODIČNIH I PROFESIONALNIH OBAVEZA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Author(s): Samila Ramić,Nusreta Salić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 21/2022

The paper analyzes the policy(s) of harmonizing family and professional obligations in the context of the legal regulations of both domestic and international documents that are applied in B&H. The subject of the research is based on the analysis of family policy measures that are directly aimed at harmonizing family and professional obligations in B&H, by reviewing the existing policies and practices of social and labor legislation at the level of three administrative units: Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of Srpska and The Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As part of the research, current measures and activities that are regulated by laws in B&H, such as maternity/parental leave (time), maternity benefits (money), and childcare services (services of preschool institutions) were analyzed as important factors when harmonizing family and professional obligations. The policies of harmonizing family and professional obligations in B&H are harmonized with EU standards, but they are not sufficiently developed, which means that parents must make additional efforts to meet the demands of the workplace and the family. To achieve a balance between the demands of the labor market, the level of monetary benefits and the length of payment, the possibility of taking leave and the use of childcare services, taking into account the circumstances first in the economic sense, it is necessary to work on improving the measures in this area, respecting and the choice of the parents themselves.

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