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Rightsizing of the Public Administration in Macedonia – A Reform Postponed to an Uncertain Time

Rightsizing of the Public Administration in Macedonia – A Reform Postponed to an Uncertain Time

Author(s): Agim Selami / Language(s): English

The rightsizing process has been initiated as a result of the inefficiency of pubic organizations in fulfilling their responsibilities effectively. Organizations across the world including public ones, perceive rightsizing as a catalyst of organizational reforms. In addition, due to government’s employments of large numbers of population, the human resources dimension of any public sector restructuring has become a very important national activity and a difficult and complex task to be fulfilled. This automatically derives the fact that rightsizing has become a major reform endeavor in all countries pretending to be in service of citizens. Organizational structure represents a vital component of the public administration system. Giving an exact definition related to organizational structure of the public administration, is not as simple as it looks, this mainly is because it does not include only the number of the people employed but also the number of positions and jobs. Starting from this point, the main idea for tackling rightsizing issues, has been to develop a study over the employed staff’s structure, jobs and positions and thus to define the points where layoff or recruitment actions should be taken.

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Introducing Career-Based System in Civil Service

Introducing Career-Based System in Civil Service

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

The latest European Commission Progress Report on Macedonia, once again pointed out the importance of pursuing thorough public administration reforms in the country. The EC explicitly demands that before starting accession negotiations, Macedonia should intensively pursue public administration reforms with the focus on de-politicization of recruitment and advancement in the civil service. Evidently, this progress report raises some critical issues concerning Macedonia’s public administration (PA) which was not the case in previous reports. Inefficiency, corruption and politicization of PA have been identified as obstacles of overall quality of reforms. Because of this, many believed that reforms in PA shall continue with a fresh enthusiasm and tackle the deep-rooted malformations of the system and head for fundamental systematic change. Understandably, actions aimed for systematic change require decisiveness and sometimes even controversial overhaul of the civil service that suppose to determine its new image. New policy discussion for changes in the Law on Civil Servants aimed at replacing the “position based” with “career based” civil service system is contributing in achieving the fundamental systematic change in the civil service. Although the policy discussion has been on agenda for some time, we suggest that career based approach should be discussed further, and once a new momentum is established conducive for needed reform, the issue is pursued and finalised by the governing authorities.

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Strategie rozwoju portów lotniczych w Polsce i na świecie

Strategie rozwoju portów lotniczych w Polsce i na świecie

Author(s): Piotr Banaszyk / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Autor przedstawia zarys metodyki formułowania strategii przedsiębiorstwa, charakteryzuje strategie portów lotniczych (misja, strategiczne portfele działalności), by naświetlić strategiczne przesłanki konkurencyjności portów lotniczych.

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Język w public relations

Język w public relations

Author(s): Izabela Janicka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Artykuł prezentuje najważniejsze kwestie związane z pisemnym i ustnym komunikowaniem w ramach PR. Omówiono zasady konstruowania tekstów PR-owych według formuły Rudolfa Flescha, znanej pod nazwą Flesch Readability, dla różnych typów wypowiedzi pisemnych, m.in. news release, information release, press release, press statement, information release, background release. Uwzględniając netykietę, przedstawiono główne reguły sztuki epistolograficznej, zwracając uwagę na najczęściej popełniane błędy. Nie lada wyzwaniem dla współczesnych PR-owców pozostaje stosowanie właściwych form językowych w mediach społecznościowych, które pomogą w budowaniu wizerunku przedsiębiorstwa i korzystnie wpływają na jego pozycjonowanie w przestrzeni publicznej. Zaproponowano wykorzystanie odpowiednich form językowych, które usprawniają komunikację i właściwe rozumienie treści adresowanych do wybranych grup targetowych.

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Relacje inwestorskie

Relacje inwestorskie

Author(s): Filip Kaczmarek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Autor koncentruje się na podstawowych zasadach funkcjonowania wyspecjalizowanej części public relations, jaką stanowią relacje z inwestorami. Zjawisko relacji inwestorskich występuje we wszystkich organizacjach, które mają charakter publiczny i posiadają prywatnych interesariuszy. Autor omawia pięć obszarów tematycznych. We wstępie przedstawia wąskie i szerokie definicje relacji inwestorskich oraz typologię podmiotów, których te relacje dotyczą. Pierwszy podrozdział jest poświęcony celom relacji inwestorskich, modelom realizacji tych celów i kluczowym zasadom oceny informacji, mających owe cele realizować. W podrozdziale drugim autor przedstawia adresatów działań podejmowanych w ramach relacji inwestorskich, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem akcjonariuszy i inwestorów. Multiplikatorzy opinii, istotni w perspektywie relacji inwestorskich, to temat trzeciego podrozdziału. Autor najwięcej uwagi poświęcił instrumentom relacji inwestorskich, opisanym w ostatnim, czwartym podrozdziale. Zalicza się do nich m.in. spotkania różnego typu, raporty, walne zgromadzenia akcjonariuszy i stronę internetową danej organizacji.

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№60: Remote and Autonomous: From Drones to “Killer Robots”
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№60: Remote and Autonomous: From Drones to “Killer Robots”

Author(s): Maria Radziejowska / Language(s): English

While Poland is only sketching out its national UAV programme, the international community has already embarked on discussions about the legality of autonomous weapons systems. The case against “killer robots” has been brought into the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons forum. Transparent and common standards for the legal review of such weapons could balance the risks associated with their future illegal use. Before deciding whether to ban autonomous weapons systems and their development, there is a need to reach greater clarity on the understanding of autonomy and the level of human supervision over these systems in light of the existing legal framework. Autonomous robotic systems will continue to be developed for a variety of purposes.

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Migration Policy and Migration Management of Syrians in Turkey
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Migration Policy and Migration Management of Syrians in Turkey

Author(s): Michelle Dromgold / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Since the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War in the spring of 2011, the number of Syrian nationals seeking refuge within the borders of Turkey has surged, and the recent intensified threat of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) has only caused the number of Syrians fleeing to Turkey for safety to rise further. Today, Turkey hosts more Syrians than any other country in the world; according to official United Nations Refugee Association (UNHCR) registration statistics as of April 10, 2015, there are 1,758,092 registered Syrians in Turkey (UNHCR 2015) although estimates among academics, representatives from non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and others predict the actual number of Syrians in the country as closer to 2.5 million. However, the legal status of Syrians in Turkey is unique. Not legally recognized as refugees due to Turkey’s historic and current migration policies, Syrians in Turkey are considered as ‘guests’ in the country and remain here under the legal status of temporary protection. Although this status provides for many basic rights - including shelter, food, education, medical support and the possibility of employment - Syrians often remain uninformed of and unable to access their rights-based provisions. Additionally, as the governmental and societal discourse of ‘guests’ suggests, Syrians are expected to be ‘hosted’ by the Turkish government and society and subsequently return home. Although governmental policy and many Turkish humanitarian aid-based NGOs continue to convey this discourse of Syrians as ‘guests’ under temporary protection, Turkish society is becoming tense - the Syrian ‘guests’ have overstayed their welcome.

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The First Year of Autocephaly of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine
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The First Year of Autocephaly of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine

Author(s): Maria Piechowska / Language(s): English

Since January 2019, the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (OCU) has been the only church in the country officially recognised by the Constantinople Patriarchate. The new church is still building its structures and gradually gaining recognition from other autocephalous Orthodox churches. The change of power in Ukraine in 2019 has led to a decrease in the importance of religious issues in Ukrainian domestic politics. This means that acceleration of the process of the unification of Ukrainian Orthodoxy within the OCU is currently unlikely.

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Cerkiew Prawosławna Ukrainy – rok po uzyskaniu autokefalii
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Cerkiew Prawosławna Ukrainy – rok po uzyskaniu autokefalii

Author(s): Maria Piechowska / Language(s): Polish

Cerkiew Prawosławna Ukrainy (CPU) jest od stycznia ub.r. jedynym oficjalnie uznanym przez Patriarchat Konstantynopolitański Kościołem prawosławnym na Ukrainie. Wciąż buduje ona swoje struktury, stopniowo zyskując uznanie innych kanonicznych Cerkwi. Zmiana władzy na Ukrainie w 2019 r. pociągnęła za sobą spadek znaczenia kwestii religijnych w ukraińskiej polityce wewnętrznej. Sprawia to, że przyspieszenie procesu jednoczenia ukraińskiego prawosławia w ramach CPU jest obecnie mało prawdopodobne.

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Energy Union Governance: Transferring Competences to the European Union
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Energy Union Governance: Transferring Competences to the European Union

Author(s): Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Fyk / Language(s): English

The Energy Union, one of the priorities of the European Commission, requires a management system in the field of energy and climate, built from the European level. Such a system will come into effect soon. Not only will it strengthen the coordination of national energy policies, but also the supervision by the EU institutions. This will help the EU achieve its objectives, but at the expense of the Member States' latitude in policy-making.

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Zarządzanie unią energetyczną – transfer kompetencji do UE
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Zarządzanie unią energetyczną – transfer kompetencji do UE

Author(s): Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Fyk / Language(s): Polish

Unia energetyczna, jeden z priorytetów Komisji Europejskiej, wymaga zbudowania wspólnotowego systemu zarządzania w dziedzinie energii i klimatu. Taki system niebawem wejdzie w życie. Wzmocni on nie tylko koordynację krajowych polityk energetycznych, lecz także nadzór nad nimi instytucji unijnych. Ma to pozwolić na realizację celów UE, ale kosztem swobody kształtowania polityki przez państwa członkowskie.

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Zmiany w strukturze dowodzenia NATO
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Zmiany w strukturze dowodzenia NATO

Author(s): Wojciech Lorenz / Language(s): Polish

Ministrowie obrony NATO uzgodnili zmiany w strukturze dowodzenia Sojuszu, mające zwiększyć zdolność do prowadzenia misji kolektywnej obrony. Nie zapadła jednak decyzja o lokalizacji dowództw NATO. Wypracowując kompromis w tej sprawie, państwa członkowskie Sojuszu powinny kierować się przede wszystkim koniecznością utrzymania jego politycznej spójności. To od niej zależy bowiem szybka reakcja NATO w czasie kryzysu.

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Upravljanje javnim preduzećima i ustanovama: stara praksa ili zaokret
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Upravljanje javnim preduzećima i ustanovama: stara praksa ili zaokret

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian

Organiziranje ovog skupa motivirano je formiranjem koalicione većine u Kantonu Sarajevo koja je najavila i pokrenula imenovanje novih rukovodstava i novih upravnih struktura javnih preduzeća i ustanova. S obzirom da će novoimenovano rukovodstvo raditi u istom zakonskom okviru kao i smijenjene upravljačke strukture postavilo se pitanje grešaka u dosadašnjem upravljanju javnim preduzećima i ustanovama i kako postaviti nove smjernice za rad upravljačkih struktura da bi se poslovanje javnih preduzeća približilo međunarodnim standardima. Na skupu će se predstaviti ključne karakteristike ranije prakse upravljanja javnim preduzećima i ustanovama i pokrenuće se dijalog o mogućim i očekivanim promjenama u praksi. Cilj skupa je utvrđivanje pravila i kriterija prema kojima se novoimenovane upravljačke strukture moraju orijentirati kako bi poslovanje javnih preduzeća učinilo odgovornim i efikasnim.

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The World Health Organization and COVID-19: A Late Start but Catching-Up
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The World Health Organization and COVID-19: A Late Start but Catching-Up

Author(s): Szymon Zaręba / Language(s): English

After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in China, the World Health Organization (WHO) was slow to make the necessary decisions, which could be perceived as unfavourable, particularly by the Chinese authorities. The reasons for the delay include an information deficit and insufficient verification of data, inadequate risk assessment, and presumably also political considerations. Although WHO has gradually begun to invoke important initiatives to stop COVID-19, some states and experts are critical of its initial management of the crisis. Once the crisis is over, the organisation will face the return to a debate about reform.

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WHO i COVID-19 – spóźniony start i nadrabianie zaległości
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WHO i COVID-19 – spóźniony start i nadrabianie zaległości

Author(s): Szymon Zaręba / Language(s): Polish

Po wybuchu epidemii COVID-19 w Chinach Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia (WHO) zwlekała z podjęciem decyzji koniecznych, ale niepopularnych, zwłaszcza z chińskiej perspektywy. Wpłynęły na to m.in. deficyt informacji i ich niewystarczająca weryfikacja, niewłaściwa ocena ryzyka, a prawdopodobnie także względy polityczne. Choć WHO stopniowo zaczęła podejmować ważne inicjatywy w celu powstrzymania COVID-19, część państw i ekspertów krytycznie ocenia jej początkowe zarządzanie kryzysem. Dlatego po jego opanowaniu organizację czeka powrót do dyskusji o reformie.

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Unijna służba graniczna: potencjał i ryzyko
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Unijna służba graniczna: potencjał i ryzyko

Author(s): Elżbieta Kaca / Language(s): Polish

Powołanie unijnej służby granicznej to krok w kierunku uwspólnotowienia kwestii zarządzania granicami. O ile takie rozwiązanie jest korzystne pod względem zwiększenia skuteczności ich kontroli, to kontrowersje budzi ingerencja w kompetencje państw członkowskich.

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Romániai magyar nonprofit szervezetek – 2009 - 2010. A szervezetek adatbázisának bemutatása és a nonprofit szektor szociológiai elemzése
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Romániai magyar nonprofit szervezetek – 2009 - 2010. A szervezetek adatbázisának bemutatása és a nonprofit szektor szociológiai elemzése

Author(s): Dénes Kiss / Language(s): Hungarian

Jelen dolgozatban a romániai magyar civil szervezetek – avagay romániai magyar nonprofit szektor– szociológiai szempontú elemzésére teszünk kísérletet. A dolgozatban két célt követtünk. Egyrésztmegpróbáltunk képet alkotni a szóban forgó szervezeti szféra nagyságáról és területi megoszlásáról, aszervezetek tevékenységek szerinti megoszlásáról, anyagi, humán és infrastrukturális erőforrásokkal valóellátottságáról. Másrészt a romániai magyar nonprofit szektor sajátosságait úgy próbáltuk kimutatni,hogy elhelyeztük azt az európai országok nonprofit szektorainak palettáján. Fő következtetésünk az, hogy az elemzett nonprofit szektor méretében kisebb, mint az a romániai magyar népesség nagyságaalapján indokolt volna; a szektor elsősorban kulturális-közművelődési jellegű feladatok ellátását végzi, miközben fizetett munkaerőt inkább a jóval kisebb számú szolgáltató szervezetekben tud alkalmazni; működésében pedig elsősorban a román és a magyar költségvetési forrásokra, valamint külföldiadományokra támaszkodik.

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Značaj moralnih i stručnih kriterija za imenovanje i napredovanje
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Značaj moralnih i stručnih kriterija za imenovanje i napredovanje

Author(s): Meliha Dugalija / Language(s): Bosnian

Na službenoj web-stranici Visokog sudskog i tužilačkog vijeća BiH (VSTV), u dijelu kojim se informira javnost o imenovanju kandidata na neku od pravosudnih funkcija, može se pročitati sljedeća formulacija: „Pri donošenju Odluke o imenovanju, VSTV BiH je uzeo u obzir kriterije poput: stručnog znanja, radnog iskustva i radnih rezultata; stručne sposobnosti zasnovane na dosadašnjim rezultatima u karijeri; sposobnosti da nepristrano, savjesno, marljivo, odlučno i odgovorno obnaša dužnosti u okviru funkcije za koju se prijavljuje; odnosa sa radnim kolegama, ponašanja van posla i profesionalne nepristranosti.Pri imenovanju, VSTS BiH primjenjuje odgovarajuće ustavne odredbe kojima se uređuju jednaka prava i zastupljenost konstitutivnih naroda i ostalih te poštuje ravnomjernu zastupljenost spolova.“ Na osnovu toga se može pretpostaviti da VSTV zahtijeva posjedovanje visoko stručnih i moralnih osobina za napredovanje i imenovanje u profesionalnoj karijeri i da u pogledu procedura raspolaže efikasnim mehanizmom koji osigurava takva imenovanja.

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UN Reform According to Secretary-General Guterres: Status and Prospects
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UN Reform According to Secretary-General Guterres: Status and Prospects

Author(s): Szymon Zaręba / Language(s): English

Since the beginning of his term of office, UN Secretary-General António Guterres has managed to implement most of his proposals concerning reform of UN management, the development system, and the peace-and-security pillar. In view of the organisation’s difficult financial situation, it is becoming increasingly important to ensure budgetary stability, which is why the implementation of Guterres’ proposal to finance UN activities could bring much needed improvement. This stability is in Poland’s interest because it supports UN activities.

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№109: United in Diversity: The EU in the UN System
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№109: United in Diversity: The EU in the UN System

Author(s): Stefania Kolarz / Language(s): English

The European Union is striving to increase its influence in the United Nations. Its activity is limited by, among others, not having the right to vote and submit its own draft initiatives. A further strengthening of its role would be beneficial for the Union as a whole and its Member States, which alone now play a minor role in the United Nations. It would also translate into a reduction of the time and resources devoted to coordinate activities. Obstacles to this change include the rules of the functioning of UN organs and specialised agencies and the ambitions of EU member countries or others that are wary of a stronger Union at the expense of their own position.

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