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Since the independence in 1991, Republic of Macedonia, in parallel with the transition from agreed to market economy and political pluralism, has been going through a phase of elaborate reforms in the healthcare system. In 2005, the reform of the primary healthcare has been undertaken intensively, through its transformation from the public into private sector, using the concession approach of public services provision by private healthcare providers. This process which has been completed in 2007, involved the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Macedonia, health Insurance Fund of the Republic of Macedonia and through HIF – the users of healthcare services, as well as the public healthcare settings in primary healthcare. Almost three years later, some of the effects of this transformation can be evaluated, and can serve as good experience for the upcoming reforms of the other segments of the healthcare system – secondary and tertiary healthcare. However, due to the specificity of the secondary and tertiary healthcare, these two segments cannot be transformed using the exact same model, therefore, this paper reviews the possible models for reforming in the direction of improvement of the utilization of the healthcare resources. At the same time, besides the economics aspects, the principles of solidarity, equal access to healthcare, quality of care and patient safety are taken into consideration.
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The purpose of the article is to highlight the peculiarities of the libraries` work at higher education institutions in the information environment of Ukraine and the information and educational community of the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, determining the improvement priority directions in the context of uninterrupted modernization. The methodology of the research is based on the use of general scientific and determined methods, such as analysis of library documentation, observation, experiment, content analysis, systematic approach and comparative analysis of library statistics indexation, structuring the readers' reviews on the library work and planning events. The scientific novelty consists in covering ways of solving the problems of university library development, applied in the Scientific Library of the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts` work, determining the place of strategic management in defining and designing development priorities. There are examples of the library work in the areas of culture and education, information technologies, fund conservation, and PH management, which in practice confirm the flexibility of the situational approach in management. Conclusions. The results of the study made it possible to establish that current society trends have a significant impact on the libraries` work at higher education institutions and determine the goals and objectives of its development. A team of professional staff creates new forms of library work to meet the information, scientific, and cultural needs of users totally, thereby during the period of dynamic changes in society, the university library is an intellectual space, a structured social and communications complex. The main library work and learning activity are a common link in the teaching of highly skilled professionals who are able to solve complex scientific and production tasks. The learning activity is subject to the constant development and transformation of the socio-economic and technical situation in the world, so the library should respond to these changes. Consequently, the creation and use of its own strategy bring significant results in improving the work of the Scientific Library of the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts.
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Bulgaria, as an external border of the EU, together with the other Black Sea countries, has responsibilities for control and security of its maritime border. That is why is established an integrated system for observation and protection of the Black Sea border of the Republic of Bulgaria. An important element of this system is the base of border-police ships in city of Sozopol. The subject of analysis in the scientific report is its functions and tasks in the areas of responsibility.
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Adequate uses of indicators of transport accessibility, as quantitative measures, allow us to move spatial interactions analysis from theoretical to practical level. Aggregate indicators of transport accessibility of places dominate in the research studies, although the indicators of individual accessibility are taking considerable place in the last few decades. The most types of indicators of transport accessibility of places are presented in this article, as well as their characteristics, possibilities for application, advantages and weaknesses.
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The detachment of the Yugoslav National Army in Sinai within the United Nations Peacekeeping Forces stayed in the territory of Egypt from November 1956 till June 1967. It was the unit of specific organizational – formational structure adapted to executing special tasks in the dessert. As the detachment was an independent unit, in terms of personnel, organization and logistic, it had in its composition special medical elements. Numerically small units of medical service had a broad range of special tasks from the basic medical protection of the personnel to taking care of their hygiene. During the stay of the Yugoslav soldiers in Sinai, the medical elements of the Detachment fought against series of problems. Medical personnel trained to work in the desert conditions represented completely new experience since in their practice so far they never encountered such circumstances. First of all, there was a great problem of different contagious diseases characteristic for that region, different desert reptiles and insects, bad hygienic conditions in the field, but also occasional cases of neurolability caused by the life conditions and accomplishing the specific tasks in the field. Nevertheless, in spite of a series of objective difficulties, medical elements of the Detachment succeeded in accomplishing their basic specific tasks in the field of medical and hygienic protection of the personnel.
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True democratisation of the property relations in Serbia hasn’t yet occurred because one form of the autocratic management of the social reproduction, concealed by the formal self-management, was replaced by the another form of the autocratic management, concealed by the multiparty parliamentarism. Although all parties in Serbia plead for democracy, both private and state property are being put in the middle of their programme orientations. None of the parties gives great significance to the shareholding and cooperative management of the employees. In the programme documents most of the parties they are hardly mentioned. The protagonists of the everyday political campaign for privatization and absolutization of the monopolistic forms of private and state property are those forces that already own such ownership or tend to get their hands on it as soon as possible. The aim of the monopoly of ownership comes from the aim of the monopoly of power and vice versa. Great private wealth in contrary to the mass poverty is indispensable condition of both gaining and keeping of the conquered power over the disempowered masses. The aims of the “new elite” for reprivatisation, i.e., for the keeping of their power is in correlation with the difficult economic situation, which is closer to the autocratic than to the democratic aims, and the absence of the organised democratic movement with the alternative – democratic aims. If there have been organised democratic forces, the property transformation would have had as its goal the enrichment of the entire nation, and not only individuals, and it would surely had gone into the direction of the socialisation of the private ownership, which took place in the developed countries a long time ago. The democratisation of the property relations and political institutions is indispensable condition of the integration of Serbia into the world community. The integration of the national communities into the world community is actually taking place in confrontation against the autocratic tendencies in both national and international extent. In the struggle for such integration, the progressive forces of Serbia need to be connected with the progressive forces in the world, because the resistance it comes across can only be broken with the joint forces.
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The system model of the environment represents the concept fitting into the integral space organization of urban system. This work deals with a partial analysis of the existing conditions in Banjaluka, with valuable and less valuable components and with endangered and less endangered areas described. The concept of viable development of the town and the improvement of the environment represent the foundation of the strategy of integral development of the town, the immediate goals being the balance of short- and long-term aims of social development. The investments in the protection of environment show immediately positive financial effects at viable (coordinated) development.
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The purpose of the work is to reveal the role and meaning of meanings as the cultural components and fundamental foundation of modern management system capable of ensuring a high level of viability of social organizations in a globalizing environment. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical principle of cognition, the system approach and the most important provisions of the theory of management. General scientific, managerial and interdisciplinary research methods are used: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, and sociocultural. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is the application of the cultural approach to the substantiation of the management system, which, unlike the traditional one, takes into account the semantic (irrational) component. Conclusions. The existing management system and traditional management are oriented towards sound management in an industrial society, in which the moral side and social price of achievements are in second place. Modern post-industrial society is a completely new and little-known world, the laws of which are not like the rules of the game of the industrial era, and are their opposite. The main ele-ment of the management system in a new society must be the meanings that shape the vision of the world and the motiva-tion of organizations, and the main task of a manager is the management of the meanings. To do this, you need to create, implement, know, understand and perceive them. The problem of perception becomes the key ability of modern managers who act as leaders of new ideas and meanings, the missionaries of their organizations. As a result of the distribution of the general mental model needed by a leader, in the organization a friendly environment is created among people, which pro-motes the free exchange of knowledge and ideas, which ultimately leads to increased efficiency and success.
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The social responsibility of small and medium-sized enterprises, regarded as the implementation of activities that benefit both business and society and help to maximize the positive impact of business on society, is a current and less explored topic. The article presents the results of the study of three aspects of the manifestation of corporate social responsibility in Bulgaria – the employment of young people and disabled persons and the training of employees. The author’s views of the impact of the social activities of companies on their competitiveness are revealed.
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The article presents a sociological analysis of the physical space of government services. On the basis of the study of municipal organizations in Kazan, the author shows the spatial dominance of the agent (civil servant) over the principal (population), which forms the idea about the latter playing the role of a vassal in the government system.
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The purpose of the work is theoretical analysis and generalization of the peculiarities of the culture of the management of the High Middle Ages, which will contribute to the enrichment of the humanities with new knowledge about the formation of a culture of governance at the stage of prosperity of the feudal society. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical principle of cognition, systemic, civilization, sociocultural, activity, historical approaches, fundamental provisions of the theory and history of society, its culture and management. The following general scientific and interdisciplinary research methods are used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, generalization, formalization. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is the discovery and systematic generalization of the specifics of the culture of the management of the High Middle Ages. Conclusions. The high Middle Ages is characterized by the flowering of feudal relations, the domination of the estate-representative monarchy, the domains of the economy, the development of cities, crafts, commodity-money relations and central state power. The system of public administration at this stage is hierarchical with the allocation of central, regional and local levels: in the western countries – rigidly centralized, in the east – decentralized. Strengthening the power of cities has led to the development of urban law and the formation of a craft organization and a culture of crafts. The master was at the same time the owner, manager and employee, and management was based on common sense, experience and guild status. Workshops executed the petty regulation of the workshop. Identified its technology and such management functions as: organization, planning, control, provision, sale, distribution of income, hierarchy, criteria for promotion and professional training. The chain management culture was rational and progressive, but in the future it became a brake on the development of the craft. The church's canonical doctrine had a great influence on the culture of management. Canonists treated the management from the standpoint of ancient philosophy, the interests of feudal lords, class hierarchy, as well as church and royal (princely) power.
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Purpose of the article. Theoretical refutation of theories of ecomuseum and «new museology». Methodology. Based on deductive logic. This means, that scientific truth convey from premisses to conclusion and vice versa: conveying falsity from conclusion (in case of irrelevance to empiric checking investigation) to at least one of premisses or both of them. Scientific novelty. Nowadays «new museology» someone bind with marketing, client approach to museum work (in other words, with sensitivity of museum to social demands). But really this approach has little to do with theoretical models of ecomuseology and new museology. Ecomuseum is a result of renovation of CoC (Cabinet of curiosities) theory. This one has many robustness and viability, confirmed by empirical investigations. Conclusions. Close ties with community is a modern discourse in museology and social science at whole, which give modernity look to old theories. In addition, museums more and more self-isolates from society. Thus, theories of ecomuseology and «new museology» look fresh and new. But they cannot to solve the scientific problem of social and cultural usage of museum and its institutional specific. Traditional museum mustn’t to transform in ecomuseums. Besides, second premiss, which argued, that ecomuseums provides the best ties with community is doubtful, because phenomenon of community become more exterritoriality and abstraction. Further investigations of social and cultural usage and institutional specific of museum might be development the theory of museum as laboratory.
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The subject of this work is to examine the system and indicators of management quality on enterprise.The aim of this work is to define the concepts of quality management, the disclosure of the system of quality indicators and their classification and also characteristics of modern systems of quality management in enterprises.The methodology of work. The work is performed on the basis of the analysis systems and review of standards that affect the improvement of product quality.The results of the work. Describes the basic concepts of standardization and its relationship with quality management of products in the enterprise. The essence of the concept of quality management system, defines the system and the indicators as well as the concept of modern systems of quality management. Reasonably the category of product competitiveness, which is determined by the combination of quality and cost peculiarities of goods, which can satisfy the consumer's needs, and also expenses for the purchase and consumption of the relevant goods. However, the standardization of products affects not only the improvement of the quality of goods, but also for its implementation through the integrated development of standards,establishment of standards, technological requirements, quality indicators, and consistent methods of testingand controls. The Foundation of standardization is the creation of a system of normative-technical documentation, which determines the progressive requirements for products manufactured for the needs of national economy, population, defense, exports, and control over the correct use of this documentation. The scope of the results: the organization and carrying out scientific research in the field of production and sales, the formation of the main requirements to the quality of goods, consideration of state standards.Conclusions. Without improving quality management systems of goods of the enterprise will not be able to compete in the markets because their products will be uncompetitive, which may lead to bankruptcy.
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The purpose of the article is theoretical analysis and generalization of the features of the management culture of Ancient China, which will contribute to the enrichment of the humanities science with new knowledge about the formation of a culture of governance at the stage of the birth of Eastern civilization. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical principle of cognition, systemic, civilization, sociocultural, activity, historical approaches, major provisions of the theory and history of society, its culture and management. The general scientific and interdisciplinary methods of research are used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, generalization, formalization. The scientific novelty of the results is to identify and generalize the features of the management culture in ancient China. Conclusions. The main achievement of the management culture in this country is the creation of a harmoniously balanced structure of power and management, based on the sacred explanation of the world picture about the alternation of the polar forces "Yin" and "Yang", whose balance and harmony allow maintaining stability and order in society. The main concepts that have been formed in ancient China and have significantly influenced the further development of Chinese theory, culture and art of management are Confucianism, Moiseism, Legislation, and Taoism. Confucianism treats governance through the prism of a family, where relations between rulers and subjects are presented as a family, and management is carried out by noblemen with the help of moral norms of conduct and rituals, and not strict laws. Moise focuses on the paramilitary organization of society, which involves rigor, clarity, diligence on the basis of global coercion, condemnation of aristocracy, the use of not only customs but laws in the name of justice. The legislation offers the concept of a police department based on a system of very rigid laws and harsh punishments. Establishing Taoism in management is a refrain from current actions that go against self-development.
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The subject of research is the theoretical and practical issues of the formation and development of the innovative project and program management system in Ukraine as a key factor in the reform of budget management.The article purpose is to investigate the process of establishing the innovative project and program management system in Ukraine, determining the main prerequisites, positive trends and deficiencies in its development.Research methods. Methodological and theoretical basis of the research consists of the works of foreign and national scholars. It is used methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of generalization and comparison,abstract-logical and historical that allowed realizing conceptual integrity of the study.Results of the work. The article defines the prerequisites that, in the opinion of the author, contributed to the construction and transformation of the innovative project and program management system in Ukraine. The role of the program-target method and the implementation of national projects in the development of the innovative project and program management system is clarified. The main factors of the spread of technology of project management in Ukraine are determined. Particular attention is paid to research the development of the management system of innovative projects and programs supported by international financial institutions.Scope of results. Project and Program Management. Budget management. Innovation policy.Conclusions. Current state of the project and program management system in Ukraine is the result of the chaotic application of modern project management practices of foreign countries, but, unfortunately, does not have sufficient legal and institutional support. An important step towards the establishment of a modern management system for innovative projects and programs was, firstly, the introduction of program-target method that involves mandatory assessment of the effectiveness of programs by determining quantitative and qualitative performance indicators and, secondly, the implementation of national projects because of implementation practice of creating project offices in the preparatory phase.
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The need for planning, as a process through which the future can be influenced to a certain extent, gave a new form of this activity, that has characteristics of generalisation, flexibility and adaptability in time and in space which it refers to. That is strategic planning, which tends to coordinate the variety of development components and has for its aim successful implementation based on planning objectives. In the practice of spatial planning in Serbia, important differences can be recognized in perception of the term "strategy" as a planning document, and in consequence differences in perception of its form, content and aim. In that sense, this paper is dedicated to the interpretation of different approaches in strategic spatial planning in Serbia and it points out strengths and weaknesses of those approaches.
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This article focuses on modern strategic aspects of enterprise personnel security. The need of these aspects examination based on modern organizations function in the conditions of fast-changing of environmental parameters demanding operational adaptation to these changes, and adaptability base is a human factor. Many scientists tend to consider the personnel as fundamental factor of enterprise development that determines the enterprise strategy and marks out the aspects of personnel security assurance of the organization in system of strategic management. The strategy formation of personnel security assurance developed under the influence of many external and internal variables, unique for each particular organization. Each of these variables bears the force of influence and makes impact on the maintenance of its structural elements, effective action against the threats to personnel security and by that causes the type of realized strategy of personnel security assurance.
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This article reviews the new management strategy processes of internalization of cultural property gifted person in terms of nation-building in Ukraine. The author of the study based on the best domestic and international experience gained in a designated area. To define the modern strategies of management of the internalization processes of cultural properties of gifted person in terms of nation-building in Ukraine, the author of the article conducted sociological studies, which included questionnaires and oral interviews talented students in higher educational institutions of Ukraine. In this process we used the method of conversation. The sample was 2500 people. Gifted students should have not only the appropriate knowledge and information from the literature, but they also should have the specific skills of evaluation, analysis, systemizing, using their knowledge in practice. This is an integral part of such thing as reading culture. The first category of respondents conventionally have been attributed to the "humanities." The question "What subjects do you most enjoy watching?". The 37% of respondents answered that they had liked the humanities. The second category of gifted students were the "artists." Among the 32% of respondents preferred subjects of art and artistic cycle such as piano, vocal, choral conducting, visual arts, choreography, design etc. The third category were "economists and lawyers" (the 7% of them preferred subjects of economic and the 5 % of them preferred the jurisprudential cycle), and the fourth one were "naturalists, scientists", 19% of them called subjects of science series such physics, The 41.1% of the respondents "humanitarians", answering the questionnaire "What book edition do you prefer?" called fiction, the 17% of them called books on art, art history, the 11.1% of them named the educational one, the 7% of them named the scientific popular publications, the 5.3% of them – socio-economic literature, the 3,2% of them – religious one, the 3.1% of them – books and textbooks, the 2,6% of them – natural scientific literature, the 2%of them – philosophical, the 2.2% of them – literature on cultural studies, the 2.1% of them – political, the 1.5% of them – technical, the 0.95% of them – art literature, the 0,85% of them – psychological. The question was 'What genres and topics you prefer to book literature?" The humanists said that they are most interested in classics (14.6%), poetry (9.2%), historical novel (8.7%), realistic story (7.3%), modern fiction (6.8%). The 6.5% of respondents like adventure, 6,4% – scientific fiction and fantasy, 5.5% – the modern novel, 5% – drama, the 4.6% of respondents admired detectives. In reading the 3.7% of respondents the specialty books dominate in such spheres historical – 3.3%, 3.2% – on religious subjects, 3.1% – political stories, 2.9% – horror and mysticism, 2 5% – melodrama (female romance). Publications on parenting are interested in the 1.2% of respondents, books about sex – 1.1%, interests (publications on gardening, housekeeping, cooking, etc.) – 1%, comedy books – 1%, astrology – 0.9%, psychology – 0.85%, esoteric – 0.65%. The 42.2% of respondents, being classified as "artist", responding to the questionnaire "What book edition do you prefer?" called fiction, 19% – books on art, art history, 9.7% – Fine Arts, 7 2% – religious, 7.1% – psychological, 4% – philosophical, 3.2% – cultural studies, 1.8% – books and textbooks, 1,3% – literature on education, 1.2% – scientific and popular publications, 1,1% – political literature, 0,9% – socio-economic, 0,8% – natural scientific literature, 0.5% – the technical literature. The question was 'What genres and topics you prefer to book literature?" The artists responded that they are most interested in classics (24.6%) and modern prose (11.8%). Poetry is being interested in – the 9.5% of respondents, historical novel – 6.6%, the modern novel – 6.3% and 5.8% – detectives. The structure of reading the 5.5% of respondents in this category a realistic novel dominated, adventure – 5.4%, fiction and fantasy – 4,4%, book comedy – 4.2%, drama – 3.8%. Publication of the specialty are interesting for the 2.7% of respondents, historical – 2.3%, religious – 1.1%, a political novel – 1%. The 0.9% of respondents like to read horror and mysticism, 0.8% – melodrama (female romance). Books on parenting interested in 0.7% of the respondents about sex – 0.7% interest (publications on gardening, housekeeping, cooking, etc.) – 0.6%, astrology – 0.6%, psychology – 0 5%, esoteric – 0.2%. The 34% of respondents classified as "economists and lawyers' answers to the questionnaire" What book edition do you prefer? " called fiction, 25.7% – socio-economic, 10% – natural sciences, 9% – philosophical, 6.2% – political, 5.8% – scientific and popular publications, 3% – books and textbooks, 2,1% – religious literature, 2% – on art, art history, 1% – the literature of cultural studies, 0.5% – educational, 0, 3% – technical, 0.2% – fine Arts, 0.2% – psychology. The tastes of this group of readers by genre and theme, divided in such a way poetry – 15.7%, classics – 13.6%, drama – 10%, a historical novel – 6.7%. The 6.4% of respondents like to read horror and mysticism, 5.5% – modern prose, 4.1% – a realistic story, 4.8% – scientific fiction and fantasy, 4,6% – detectives, 3.5% – adventures. The books on specialty preferred the 3.5% of respondentsv, comedy genre – 3.4%, a historical novel – 3.1%, political – 2.7%. The religious topics of interest of the 3% of the respondents, 1.4% prefer the modern novel, 1.3% – melodrama (female romance). Books about sex are interesting for 2%, the education of children – 1.2%. Books of interest – 1%, astrology – 0.1%, psychology – 2%, esoteric – 0.4%. The 49.6% respondents – "naturalists, scientists" among the priorities of book editions called natural-scientific literature, 11.7% – artistic, 9.5% – technical, 7.1% – books and textbooks, 5.1% – political literature, 5% – popular science, 2.8% – philosophical, 2.3% – books on art, art history, 2% – education, 1.9% – socioeconomic, 1.1% – religious, 0.8% – the literature of cultural studies, 0.6% – the literature of the fine arts, 0.5% – psychology. As for genres and themes of books, the most popular among the readers of this book are in the category of specialty – the 39.7% of respondents, historical – 8.3%, classics – 7.4%, poetry – 5.2%, a historical novel – 5.1 %, realistic story – 4.7%, political novel – 4.1%, modern prose – 3.7%. The 3.4% of respondents like adventure, 3.3% – scientific fiction and fantasy, 2.4% prefer the modern novel, 2.2% – drama, 2.1% – the publication of comedy, 2% – astrology, 1.7% – psychology, 1.4% – detective, 1.1% – religious subjects, 0.9% – horror and mysticism, 0.5% – melodrama (female romance). Publication of parenting are interesting for 0.4%, a book about sex – 0.2% interest publications – 0.2%. The author of the article also carried out the sociological and cultural analysis of the interests and priorities of the gifted person in the field of music. The 32% of respondents preferred the subjects of art and artistic cycle such as piano, vocal, choral conducting, visual arts, choreography, design, etc. On the basis of which they were classified as "artists." The largest number of respondents preferred piano and symphonic art (55, 8%). The second of the most popular with respondents artists is vocal art (22, 1%). On third place on the popularity of the respondents is choral art (15, 3%). The author proved the possibility of optimal control of the process of internalization of cultural properties gifted person in conditions amounting personal interests and needs that have the diverse orientation.
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The subject of the article is strategic technology management system transportation industry. The purpose of the article promotion of strategic management in the Ukrainian business environment highlight the importance of strategy formation in the creation and activities of the entity transport sector. The methodological basis of an analysis of scientific publications and statistical data. Results of the research. The Identified strategic technology management entity transport sector. The proposed tool ensuring the implementation of the strategy. The role of the mission as the main element of the strategy of the entity's industry. The essence of strategic objectives and their contribution to the development of the transport sector entity. The parameters of the mission content and criteria of target priorities. The proposed formation of the modern tools of strategic objectives entities transport sector that improve the strategic management. Scope of results of research. The results can be used in economic and administrative activity at the macro and global level. Conclusions. The present strategic management tool enables the management entity of the transport industry to provide enterprise long-term goals that will be directed to the development of diverse, ranging from business processes and ending with the image as a whole. In engaging strategy to the daily work of staff, the entity transport sector can increase its own efficiency and effectiveness, which is clearly reflected in the long term. In addition, the strategy helps to organize the work of staff from different methods of motivation and rewards. Further research will be used to identify opportunities for the use of the experience of different models of strategic management at the national territory.
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