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This case study looks at how Russian television uses humour as a support mechanism for strategic communications with its audience, specifically on the issue of Western leaders, and endeavours to determine the essence of the core message. To do this, various Russian Perviy Kanal (Первый Канал/ Channel One) entertainment broadcasts specializing in comedy will be analysed.
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This case study examines the KVN (Klub Vesyeliykh i Nakhodchivikh) TV show. This is the “post-1991 version of the Soviet-era show KVN, which achieved cult status among students, spawning a nationwide competition with teams from every Soviet republic competing against each other in leagues, forming panels of experts with socio-political satire skills”. KVN could be considered a phenomenon, having extended beyond being a TV show, it presents concerts in cities and runs local competitions in schools.
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Ukraine is a unique case for study as far as the use of humour as a strategic communication tool is concerned. Russia launched a massive information war against another country. During the first months after the annexation of Crimea and the war in Eastern Ukraine, there was no unified or coordinated approach to countering Russian propaganda. Furthermore, during the first phases of the war, civil and military volunteers, and the Ukrainian diaspora took the place of the official Ukrainian authorities in countering Russia’s information attacks. A horizontally organized, post-Euromaidan Ukrainian civil society had to combat Russia’s vertically constructed propaganda machine. That horizontally structured civil society provided such functions of humour as solidarity (belongingness) and stress-relief. As the information war progressed, Ukraine, a country with no real experience in counterpropaganda and with restricted financial capacity, had to learn how to fight back, literally from square one. That is why Ukraine counterpropaganda and use of humour were and still are more a product of a variety of independent and spontaneous initiatives, rather than a systemic approach. Nevertheless, the diverse landscape of humour in the Ukrainian media provides a rich source of information for the case study.
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Humour is a universal concept that has been analysed within different disciplines of social sciences. The study presented by a group of scholars aims to elaborate a multidisciplinary methodological framework that can be applied in the analysis of humour, particularly if researchers or practitioners are confronted with very large sets of data, as well as to the construction of humorous messages for strategic communication purposes. The methodological framework is not a template to follow when generating humorous stories or jokes, but rather a collection of the most relevant attributes of humour that can be combined in different groupings to achieve the initial strategic goal. In order to test the functioning of the methodological framework and identify its strengths and weaknesses, three case studies were conducted. The first case study, on the discrediting of Western political leaders in late-night shows broadcast by the central Russian TV channels, identified humour as a massive propaganda tool aimed at national and international audiences. The second case study dealt with KVN (Klub Vesyeliykh i Nakhodchivikh) which is a TV-show and competition broadcast since the early 1970s. While the third case, focusing on the use of humour by the Ukrainian media, provides rich evidence on humour as a tool of counter-propaganda. The Ukrainian case also serves as an example of the role of humour in a situation of on-going information warfare. The following conclusions and recommendations were identified from the analyses of the three case studies.
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Zakon o zabrani diskriminacije1 koji je donesen 2009. godine u normativnom smislu predstavlja krovni korpus pravnih pravila bosanskohercegovačkog antidiskriminacijskog zakonodavstva. Međutim, dosadašnja praksa je pokazala da je u velikom broju slučajeva bilo teško razotkriti i dokazati diskriminatorno ponašanje, posebno imajući u vidu prirodu i vrstu same diskriminacije. Izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o zabrani diskriminacije2 u julu 2016. godine u članu 15, dodati su stavovi koji uvode situaciono testiranje kao metodu u procesu dokazivanja vjerovatnosti diskriminacije; odnosno mogućnost da svjedok u postupcima za zaštitu od diskriminacije bude i osoba koja se svjesno izložila diskriminaciji kako bi provjerila primjenu pravila o zabrani diskriminacije (član 15. stav 4). Stav (5) predviđa da je lice iz stava (4) ovog člana dužno obavijestiti ombudsmene za ljudska prava Bosne i Hercegovine o namjeravanoj radnji, osim ako okolnosti to ne dozvoljavaju, kao i o preduzetoj radnji izvijestiti ombudsmena u pismenom obliku. Stav (6) daje mogućnost da sud može lice iz stava (4) ovog člana saslušati kao svjedoka dok stav (7) regulira mogućnost da lice iz stava (4) može podnijeti tužbu iz člana 12. stav (1) tač. a), b) i d) ovog zakona u konkretnom slučaju diskriminacije. Omogućavajući dobrovoljnim ispitivačima diskriminacije da podnesu tužbu za zaštitu od diskriminacije eliminisane su dvojbe o dozvoljenosti upotrebe ove tehnike koja može biti veoma korisna u sudskoj praksi. Međutim, samo uvođenje situacionog testiranja kao metode u procesu dokazivanja diskriminacije neće dovesti do željenog cilja ukoliko se ne uspije realizovati njena dosljedna i efikasna primjena. U realizaciji ovog zadatka velika odgovornost je na organizacijama civilnog društva koje se bave zaštitom od diskriminacije, ali i građanima koji bi trebali da poznaju i ispravno primjenjuju situaciono testiranje. Sa druge strane, sudovi će i dalje imati jednu od najznačajnijih uloga kada se govori o primjeni ove metode. Vjerujemo da bi prihvaćanjem nalaza situacionog testiranja od strane sudova, kao dokaza u sudskom procesu, bila bi omogućena efikasnija pravna zaštita od diskriminacije. Zbog toga želimo da priručnik za situaciono testiranje, osim što će pružiti informacije o samoj metodi i načinu njene primjene, inicira saradnju između profesionalne pravosudne zajednice i organizacija civilnog društva u borbi protiv diskriminacije.
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Dear readers, we are presenting you with a methodology “cookbook“ which you can use to organize career counselling projects which promote equal opportunities for girls and boys. The goal of this publication is to broaden the range of jobs and education programmes girls and boys consider as their potential career options. We hope to liberate the imagination of young people from the constraints of the traditional division of jobs into jobs for men and jobs for women. The idea that everybody deserves opportunities to put their unique talents to use and to dream freely and without regard to stereotypes about men’s and women’s social roles is fundamental to this book. Studies on decision-making among Czech students show that rather than evaluating their skills and abilities, girls and boys tend to use gender stereotypes to help them choose their future careers (see Jarkovská et al. 2010, Smetáčková 2006, 2007). To reverse this trend, a two-pronged strategy is needed; we have to strengthen career guidance as well as build awareness about the power of gender stereotypes. Better career choices will not only improve the opportunities of girls and boys for self-realization; well considered career choices will also bring employers truly competent workers. With this publication we hope to promote critical thinking and to help people understand how gender stereotypes affect us. Stereotypes can play a positive role in the society – they organize the world for easier orientation. However, we should use them consciously so that we can actually decide whether we want to act according to their dictate or not. We see education as a process of broadening our horizons and learning about the important questions we face in today’s world (such as the issue of the position of men and women in today’s Europe). At the same time, education should always provide space for students to discover their own ways. To meet this goal, our book includes activities to help students reflect on gender stereotypes and to defend their own perspectives. In other words, we seek to facilitate equality between women and men. Our book corresponds with current government strategies and ministerial policy documents (Government Priorities and Procedures to Promote Equality between Women and Men, Ministry of Education Priorities and Procedures to Promote Equal Opportunities for Men and Women). The materials in this book are aimed at elementary school teachers although they can also be used at secondary schools, children’s clubs and other educational institutions for children and youth. Activity descriptions are supplemented by arguments clarifying the fundamental connections between work, career and gender stereotypes. Most of the activities have been field-tested in seminars with real students and have been adjusted for teachers with different backgrounds so that they could use the activities regardless of knowledge of gender studies. We hope that our ideas will help to make your school projects more encouraging for students to see their careers free of gender stereotypes, useful and inspiring. We are interested in hearing from you!
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Turkish community living abroad amounts to more than 5 million people, around 4 million of which live in Western European countries, 300 thousand in North America, 200 thousand in the Middle East and 150 thousand in Australia (MFA, 2015). The common goal of first wave of Turkish “guest workers” was to collect capital to start a small business in Turkey. Most of the guest workers left their families behind in Turkey.
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MIXER, Dubravko Lovrenović: Misliti u Sarajevu i Beogradu; antiCEMENT, Vladimir Arsenić: Jugoslovenski goli ručak; ARMATURA, Adriana Sabo: Kakve to žene vladaju svetomu naše ime?; VREME SMRTI I RAZONODE, Branko Jovanović: Vagon restoran
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V roce 2016 jsem pro bratislavský časopis Philologia sestavoval speciální filologický blok. Jeho smyslem byla odborná diskuse o možnosti obnovit něco jako filologickou jednotu nebo nový filologický celek, jemuž někteří autoři říkali „nová filologie“. I když filologie jako „láska ke slovu, jazyku“ představuje komplex zkoumání jazyka a jeho produktů, dnes se často chápe zúženě jako zkoumání jazyka, tedy vlastně spíše jako lingvistika, nebo také jako něco, co se týká starší vývojové fáze jazyka a literatury, v případě našich literatur jde o středověk, tedy medievistika, ale v minulosti tomu tak nebylo; jazyk a literatura tvořily v těchto zkoumáních vždy jeden celek: takto chápali filologie jak Josef Dobrovský, tak P. J. Šafařík/Šafárik ve svém německy psaném spise, v jehož názvu je vlastně komplexnost filologie obsažena (Geschichte der slawischen Sprache und Literatur nach allen Mundarten).
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This paper provides a synopsis and characterization of the most important historiographically, politologically, and ethnologically oriented works published in the Czech Republic between 2000 and 2018 on the history and current evolution of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Czech works on the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina can be divided into two main groups. The first group includes monographs by historians who were familiar with the reality of Bosnian multiethnicity in the period before the breakup of Yugoslavia and in that context, therefore, continue in their books to support the idea of preserving Bosnia within its existing borders and in the form of a multinational state. The second group comprises books by Czech authors who primarily focus on analysing political events in the contemporary, so-called post-Dayton Bosnia, of which they are highly critical and as a result also highly skeptical when it comes to the prospect of continued coexistence between the nations of Bosnia. During the period in question, several works were published in the Czech Republic dedicated to the history of Czech-Bosnian relations and the synthetical treatment of the history of the Czech national minority living in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Aktualna globalna pozicija Bosne i Hercegovine potvrđuje nalaz prethodnih istraživanja da u našoj državi ne postoji jedinstven ili barem harmonizovan i efikasan inovacioni sistem, primjeren potrebama razvoja društva i ekonomije znanja. Prvi koraci u utvrđivanju razloga ovakvog stanja su SWOT analize položaja i uloge inovacionog sistema u okviru opšteg strateškog planiranja i sektorskog planiranja istraživanja i transfera tehnologije. Najvažniji rezultati dobiveni iz tih matrica su diskutovani u radu. Oni su potom uspoređeni sa rezultatima naših najnovijih istraživanja. Prvi rezultat je sažeta SWOT matrica inovacionog sistema. Rezultate razrade pojedinih faktora smo prikazali u detaljnoj SWOT matrici zasnovanoj na elementima snage. I ova matrica je pokazala da je ujednačeno i stabilizirano visoko obrazovanje najvažniji element snage inovacionog sistema. Zbog toga su obilježja univerziteta kao subjekta inovacionog sistema posebno razmotrena.
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The current global position of Bosnia and Herzegovina confirms the findings of previous research that in our country there is no single or at least harmonized and efficient innovation system, appropriate to the needs of the development of knowledge society and the knowledge economy. The first steps in determining the reasons for this situation are SWOT analyses of the position and role of the innovation system within the general strategic and sectorial research and technology transfer planning. The paper discusses the most important results of matrices obtained and compares them with the findings of our latest research. The first result is a concise SWOT matrix of the innovation system. The results of the elaboration of individual factors we present in a detailed SWOT matrix based on elements of strength. This matrix also showed that uniform and stabilized higher education is the most important element of the strength of the innovation system. Therefore, the paper specifically discusses characteristics of universities as subjects of the innovation system.
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This study addresses the issue of teaching Orthodox Religion in general education from the Republic of Moldova, at the current stage, in the vision of teachers. For this purpose, a questionnaire of composite items was applied, which identified the strengths and vulnerabilities of the teaching process. Being an optional subject in the curriculum and not enjoying teaching traditions in the context of public education, Religion is not a priority for the vast majority of educational actors. In this sense, the interest and motivation of students and parents are to be educated, and the saving mission of the Faith and the Church to be promoted. The conclusions of the study can contribute to the improvement of educational policies, but also to the awareness of decision makers, including school administrations, on which depends, in general, the fate of our discipline.
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The models are systems that orient, give direction and convey values, so their choice is essential for the path they draw. Throughout the specifics of his profession, the knowledge transmission and the education offered by himself, the teacher is a model that children follow and he is responsible for. Education transmitted to children includes personal competences, authenticity and self-respect, attitude towards learning, educational partners and learning environment, but also motivation as a resource of psychic energy necessary for learning. The own value system is the benchmark to which the teacher relates and which can be inspired by life experiences, specific teaching methods, the Bible and the supreme model, Jesus. The purpose of this article is to emphasize the importance of having an authentic role model for children to follow. Qualitative research has shown that models can influence the life course.
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Earthquakes, like other natural disasters, affect the development of the area, the environment, the economy, society and tourism. The objective of this study is to know the impact of earthquakes on tourism. Specifically, the impact of the 2017 earthquake that hit the island of Kos in Greece, affecting local tourism, is studied. The island of Kos is very touristy and the earthquake occurred in July at the height of the tourist season. The main source of income for citizens in this area is based on tourism. During this event, citizens, in their social network accounts, show their concern for the future of tourism in the area. The methodology used is based on the observation of the publications of local users on Twitter and articles in the digital and printed press that address this issue. Data mining from two different sources is performed to understand the general perspective of the media and the vision of citizens. The results show the concern of the natives towards the tourist impact and the attempt to protect and care for the tourists who are in the area during the earthquake.
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A deep recession is projected for Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the market for new technologies providing solutions helpful during the health crisis, is developing dynamically. In the medium term, the research and development sector will gain importance and become attractive for investments, also for Polish companies.
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The English Department offers Bachelor and Master degree programmes. The graduates of these are qualified teachers of English at lower secondary schools. In the second year of the Bachelor programme (single-subject study plan), the students are required to participate in an Integrated Language and Methodology Course, which is based on experiential learning principles. Students in the other study programmes and study plans can take the course as optional. The course presents a reasonable intellectual, emotional, spiritual and social challenge. The participants have an opportunity of developing their communicative competence in English and teaching competences as well as their personalities. The course takes place in Dům Ignáce Stuchlého at Fryšták (the Zlín Region), a building offering accommodation, catering, and suitable number of well-equipped classrooms.
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The presentation examines what it takes to transform the research process to find innovative solutions for sustainable living in post-Covid 19 environments. The concern of this presentation is that current research inadequately addresses the multidimensionality of both individual and society's concerns in a post COVID environment. The presentation is an answer to why research thus far has not provided adequate responses to society's challenges for simultaneously delivering health, well being, and economic prosperity at the individual and society levels. The researcher's challenge is to provide a way forward to deliver simultaneously of quality of sustainable living related to individual concern for healthy living and for providing broadly defined social welfare. The three-part presentation comprises (1) identifying the need for transforming the research process, (2) Advocating the use of the Systemic Innovation Capability model for determining the importance of strategic intent and need for leadership to deliver a shift in the research process, and (3) the changes required for transforming the university research processes. The presentation will conclude by advocating for developing initiatives for promoting a research culture for promoting sustainable growth mindsets amongst researchers.
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