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To understand human brains, it is necessary to understand simpler neural processes first. In the article we provide a core computational model of C. Elegans olfactory circuit. Based on biological experiments presented in the literature, we develop a circuit mimicking some of the features of the biological olfactory circuit of C. Elegans.
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In 1924, Jacques Copeau together with his actors and students moved from Paris to Burgundy. First to Morteuil and a year later to Pernand - Vergelesses. After a few years of life dedicated to writing, directing and rehearsals, he was gradually losing interest in theatre. The young members of his troupe, performing since 1925 under the name Copiaus, were left to cope with the situation on their own. Relations with Copeau went to pieces. The troupe began to work more independently from 1927. They rehearsed two performances – The Dance of the City and the Fields (La Danse de la ville et des champs) in 1928 and Youth and Spider or the Apparent Tragedy (Les Jeunes Gens et l‘ araignée ou la Tragedy Imaginaire) in 1929. In both plays they developed the original idea introduced by Copeau – an attempt to create a modern version of the Italian commedia dell‘arte, which they called simply comédie nouvelle. For this purpose, the troupe created new masks - Mr. César (Jean Dasté), Oscar Knie (Michel Saint - Denis), Gilles (Jean Villard) and other. Based on archival documents, scripts, notes of the authors, newspaper criticisms and preserved iconography, the study aims to reconstruct the above mentioned plays.
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The activities of Chamber Ensemble of Slovak National Theatre in the seventies of the last century were a unique step in the systematic cultivation of opera genre on the first national scene. The ensemble was formed around the members of a chamber orchestra Camerata Slovaca and its founder, artistic director and dramaturgist – the conductor Viktor Málek. The ensemble staged seven opera productions in SND. In terms of dramaturgy, we talk about the conceptual, style and genre-balanced program, in terms of musical and theatrical interpretation, the productions were in most cases quite a success. After the Chamber Ensemble of the SND Opera ceased their activities, the baton in the cultivation of chamber music was picked by Chamber Opera, founded in 1986 at the Slovak Philharmonic, while SND almost invariably resigned from staging chamber music pieces.
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This study tries to make the reflections by Anna A. Hlaváčová published in Slovak at least partially accessible to Anglophone readers, including African researchers. The author draws on her own research in Nigeria and tries to expand her conclusions wherever possible. The author claims that wooden masks used in performances form a great part of the cultural identity of African people.The second part of this study presents an example of how the world of values of an African woodcarver is reflected in a facial sculpture. The text presents authentic knowledge and displays intentional tendency towards an essayistic style – the author does not want to create any obstacles to the reader’s reception of the text.
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Labels describe a fictitious situation which the contact person is supposed to asses and take a certain position. They represent a suitable complementary method of qualitative research. While in psychology they can be used as a tool for predicting behavior, in anthropology and ethnology they can be used to study norms, perceptions or attitudes. The aim of this text is to show in what way they can be linked to other types of qualitative data (participatory observation, semi-structured interviews) through an example of a long-term anthropological research studying political preferences and moral attitudes. The principal research assumption is based on Jonathan Haidt’s concept, according to which self-declared political preferences (whether an individual is considered conservative or liberal) are reflected in the sphere of moral emotions, in particular in the emotion of disgust. The results of the analysis show that all politically self-declared groups reflect morally unacceptable behavior. The biggest difference between conservative and liberal contacts was observed with respect to sexuality (e.g. sexual behavior, registered partnerships). The text points out the methodological limits of model situations: they can problematize the situations which individuals have not faced yet, as a result of which they can judge a fictitious and a real-life situation differently.
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The text focuses on the contemporary legends and rumors as a current genre in the present-day society. I see these narratives as texts which can be studied and analysed at several levels depending on the context of narration, and I assume that the social context influences the content and the form of these narratives.The main aim of the text is to highlight the theoretical and methodological specification of the ethnographic research of contemporary legends and rumors within the OZ (Civic Organisation) Proti Prúdu and the influences of this specific context on these narratives in the context of the daily life of sellers of the Nota Bene magazine – clients of the OZ Proti Prúdu organisation. Through several examples of narratives, the context of which depends on the given environment, I seek to point out in what way individuals can indirectly react to daily life within their particular environment.
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The article deals with the problem of the purposeful training of foreign language teachers for the formation of humanistic values at future specialists of agrarian and environmental industries. The educational potential of a foreign language that influences the development of the person's motivational and valuable sphere was outlined. The methodology of conducting preparatory work with teachers of foreign language, which included lectures, conversations, scientific and methodical seminars using new forms and methods, namely: discussions, collective thinking, trainings, round tables, brainstorm was described.
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The article presents the problem of local socio-economic development. An illustration of theoretical considerations is an empirical study on evaluation of the West Pomeranian Voivodship districts' development since Poland's accession to the European Union. In the research, a taxonomic measure of development was used to assess the level and rate of districts' development. The empirical study was carried out in four main stages: collection of initial characteristics, reduction of the initial set of diagnostic features (to ensure their highest diagnostic value), calculations of synthetic measures using the modified TOPSIS procedure and construction of rankings of districts on that basis, creation of typological groups of districts characterized by a similar level and the pace of development. The study showed the existence of large diversification of economic development of the surveyed districts. The highest level of socio-economic development in both: 2004 and 2017 was characteristic for the Kamieński district and the lowest level of development in 2004 was observed in the Wałecki district and in 2017 in the Gryficki district. The highest pace of changes in the level of socio-economic development between 2004 and 2017 was recorded for the Białogardzki district, while the lowest for the Świdwiński district.
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The success of a national economy and the economic development of a country are mainly assessed based on economic indicators. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the most commonly used indicator at national and regional levels. The informational power of GDP is limited, so alternative ways of measuring economic development and well-being have begun to be used, of which the Human Development Index (HDI) is the best known and the most accessible. The aim of this research is to highlight the areas that are to be considered when assessing economic development and well-being, especially social and environmental factors. One of the objectives is to compare the GDP and the HDI in the V4 countries. There was a gradual, slight increase in HDI without regard to economic cycles and changes in the GDP in the V4 countries between 2007 and 2017.
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The article explores how oral history and memory studies have been used in East Central Europe after the fall of the Iron Curtain. It focuses particularly on the question of whether Eastern European scholars only reproduce what was invented in the West, or whether they advance their original concepts and ideas. Both disciplines have been involved in reassessing the history of communism and the communist version of history itself and both contributed to revealing memoires obscured by the communist regime, even if the role of oral history may be considered as pivotal in this process. Although oral history had been practiced in the region at least since the 1970s, it was introduced as a new discipline according to the Western criteria after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Memory studies and their most successful concept, the “lieux de mémoire”, were implemented into to the region later and the promoters of the concept were predominantly Western scholars. Drawing on the uses of the term “historical consciousness” in Czech and Polish research, the article argues that various strategies associated with the “return to Europe” can be found in the region when promoting native traditions and equalizing them with the Western ones.
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The paper is based on the application of a semi-structured interview conducted with a group of doctoral students from the State University of Moldova. The pursued issues concern ethical aspects of scientific research. In the first part of the paper, we present some considerations about the legal framework of doctoral research in the Republic of Moldova, about the difficulties and challenges of the educational system at the beginning of the third millennium, as well as about the important relationship between legality and morality.
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The aim of the article is to analyse and evaluate the innovativeness of training companies operating in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. In the theoretical part of the article: the basic concepts related to the innovativeness of training companies are defined and the indicators for measuring the innovativeness of these enterprises are summarised. The practical part of the article analyses the innovativeness of training companies in the West Pomeranian Voivo-deship. The following research methods were used in the article: literature analysis, analysis of source data from the Central Statistical Office, analysis of primary data obtained as a result of quantitative research.
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Facilitating the integration of the child into the new family environment during the period of entrustment for adoption, respectively during the post-adoption period, the General Directorates of Social Assistance and Child Protection (DGASPC) and accredited private bodies offer psychological, counselling and support services targeting the needs of the adoptive families. The current study has a two-fold aim: (1) exploring the perception of specialists from DGASPCs and NGOs, but also of adoptive parents on the services available during the adoption process and (2) determining the additional support services needed to be developed. Using a qualitative approach, 17 interviews were conducted with 20 specialists from child protection departments, 7 interviews with specialists from four NGOs, and 32 interviews with parents who adopted children from the public profile. Most parents claim that they do not know about the existence of adoption support services, and those who do know are dissatisfied with the way they are offered, especially those offered by public institutions. Specialists appreciate that only basic support is offered and specialized services would be needed, such as parenting and personal development courses for adopters, psychotherapy services, and support groups, but also establishing a base with informational resources. The results of this study can inform strategies for the development of services in the field of adoption.
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Our society is changing at a rapid pace and new challenges are emerging in adapting people to the age of digitalization and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This paper tries to answer the following questions: 1) How are the increasingly visible changes influenced by the economic crisis and the fourth industrial revolution (work 4.0) affecting the practice of social workers? 2) How will the work of social assistance be transformed, considering the predictions of current economic studies? Since the work of social workers takes place in a less predictable and routine relational environment, it has a low risk of automation, instead, the beneficiaries of social services will be directly affected and thus increase the impact of economic change and social services. Like social service recipients also social workers will need to acquire new skills and identify new ways to provide help (online communication, digitized services, etc.). The whole society will face the change of paradigm and the social workers will be also challenged to acquire the four meta-competencies mentioned by Mircea Miclea, as necessary to adapt to the reality of the future: design thinking, self-discipline, autonomy, and entrepreneurship. This article is based on a review of the literature and proposes the adaptation of the learning process and the supervision of the practice of students and social work professionals so that they can develop the skills and competencies necessary for a society of the future.
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The study aims to contribute to the understanding of how some beneficiaries of residential care manage to achieve remarkable results despite threats to their own development, threats coming both from the period before entry and from the period in which they were in the protection system. It was followed, from the perspective of those involved, how they developed resilience mechanisms over time that could explain this evolution. The theoretical perspectives used are the dynamic ones of the processuality of resilience as well as the socio-ecological one which considers resilience as the result of the interaction between the individual and the environment in which he lives. The research consisted of conducting six semi-structured interviews with young people aged 19-23 who lived between 5-23 years in residential care from Iaşi County and who obtained positive results from the perspective of academic results. The objectives pursued were the identification of the resources (material, social) available and how they were valued and interpreted through personal strategies that led to positive results. The main conclusion of the study is that success is the combined result of the ability of individuals to perceive opportunities in the environment and the environment to provide such opportunities. The way in which the individual and the environment are intertwined from a developmental perspective can be extended to interventions in the field of education or the prevention of juvenile delinquency.
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This article analyses ideas related to the value of money and their significance for the cultural development of the Romani group of the Romanian-speaking Rudari, and how migrants’ remittances sent to their families back home are used. The behaviour of workers and their practices related to remittances sent to the regions of origin are because the majority of migrants regard their stay abroad as temporary. They send money back home, where members of their family, including in some cases their children, wait for their return home. The contemporary socio-economic context in Bulgaria influences the patterns of migration behaviour and remittances among the Rudari; yet they have their cultural specificities, which I present in this article, and are active agents in changing their way of life and raising their standard of living.
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The question of the enterprises’ financial stability is relevant at all phases and stages of its development. The objective of this publication is to substantiate and present methods for analysis of the enterprise’s financial stability. In order to achieve this objective, the following tasks have to be solved: 1) to describe the nature of the enterprise’s financial stability; 2) to substantiate and systemize the absolute and relative indicators for the financial stability analysis; 3) to systemize the absolute and relative criteria that determine the relevant financial stability degrees. The object of this article refers to the financial stability of the enterprises, and its subject covers the methodological issues of the analysis of these enterprises’ financial stability.
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This article attempts to differentiate and characterize the two ideal‑typical approaches in oral history research: biographical and thematic. After an initial distinction, the text compares them in several areas: from the choice of the topic to the selection and approaching of narrators, to the negotiation of collaborations, to the recording, analyzing, and interpreting of the conducted oral history interviews. In doing so, it seeks to capture the specifics of each of these and highlight the possible risks they entail.
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This study examines the impact of talent management on organizational performance, with a particular focus on the mediating role of a healthy workplace environment within ITES firms in Bengaluru. Employing a descriptive research design, data were collected from 469 HR professionals through structured questionnaires and personal interviews. The study utilized both primary and secondary data, with quantitative data analysed using percent analysis, mean, standard deviation, reliability tests, T-tests, one-way ANOVA and regression analysis. The findings reveal that effective talent management practices significantly enhance organizational performance. Moreover, a healthy workplace environment mediates this relationship, amplifying the positive effects of talent management on key performance metrics such as productivity, innovation and efficiency. The demographic analysis highlighted a predominance of young, male professionals with management education, highlighting the need for tailored talent management policies. The study's practical implications suggest that ITES firms should invest in comprehensive talent management systems, foster a supportive work environment, and leverage technological advancements to sustain competitive advantage. This study provides a robust framework for enhancing organizational performance through strategic talent management and a healthy workplace environment, with specific insights into the ITES sector in Bengaluru.
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Empathy and social justice play a significant role in social work, and the literature extensively supports their connection to this profession. The purpose of this study is to examine whether or not social work students have a high level of empathy that is correlated with their willingness to address social justice problems. The first part of the study examines the relationship between family structure, empathy and social justice. The second part investigates how the level of cognitive and affective empathy can predict students' social justice attitudes.
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