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История на човешката еволюция

Author(s): Kiril Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2016

The present study reveals a new approach of understanding of human evolution reasons. Humans are formed because of a conflict with himself own, but not by a conflict with the nature. As a result of that conflict, the species survival means are no longer successful, and human beings are prompt in searching of individual tools to survive. By that reason, they are forced to abandon their instincts, passing from biological to psychological level of defense. During the evolution process, new models of surviving among the fellows appear. These relations between individuals formed a new biological kind – the Mankind. In their essence these models are instruments of mimicry and misguidance, which paradoxically lead to rapprochement between individuals, transform them into social objects. In the phylogenetic memory of modern men, they appear as mental disorders. Actually, every mental illness is an attempt to throw back the consciousness to ancient models of surviving, created in the evolution process.

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История на човешката еволюция (част 2)

Author(s): Kiril Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2018

The present work is an attempt to broaden the biography of the autonomous individual. Contrary to the conception of the inborn sociality of a person that deprives him of his uniqueness and refuted by various manifestations of mental disorders, the idea of an individual way of life could explain some contradictions and paradoxes in his behavior. Being alone in nature and without physical contact with similar individuals, he had not only to develop and improve his sensitivity and the way of perceiving reality, but also to change the metabolism of his own organism. Losing instincts by changing connections with reality, he manages to turn objects into a source of information, providing him certain and safe means of survival. That information will became his personal environment unattainable for animals. An environment, which purpose is to function as an untouchable, invisible „territory“, i.e. as a consciousness.

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Калист Kатафигиот: съзерцанието – „плод на обожението“

Author(s): Dimitar Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2018

This text aims to discuss the ideas of Сallistus Cataphugiota elucidated in the treatise On union with God and life of contemplation. The work advanced the main idea that contemplation is “fruit of deification“. Different definitions of contemplation, its three stages and final goal – deifying unity with the transcending Unity, were put forward. The article aims to illustrate the significance of the theology of contemplation, developed by Callistus Cataphugiota for Hesychastic tradition and Orthodox spirituality.

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Книгоиздание как фактор развития женской прозы конца XX - начала XXI в

Author(s): L.D. Titareva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

The article deals with the analysis of the development of women's prose as a function of changes on the market of book publishing in connection with social changes in Russia since the1980s. The relevance of the article ideas is that the opportunities of the publishing activities were one of the factors in the emergence of such a cultural phenomenon as women's prose. It gives a detailed analysis of the women writers’ works published in Russia from the 1980s until 2012. The author concludes that at the end of the1990s the events on the Russian book market suggest that there was a steady increase of the role of women's prose and the attitude toward women's literature has changed significantly. So, all that is associated with the feminine creativity becomes a particular brand which is used by many publishers to increase their sales. The theoretical value of the article is that the author expands the range of cultural studies using comprehensive, systemic and gender approaches in considering the emergence and development of women's prose in Russia at the end of the twentieth century.

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Когнитивни аспекти на процесите на решаване на проблеми

Author(s): Presiyan Burgov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2013

People, in their everyday activities, are faced with multiple choices, decision making and problem solving when aiming at more effective adaptation, goal setting and goal attainment as well as efficient psychic energy expenditure and social integration. The present study aims at the elucidation of the cognitive processes that participate in decision making. It comments on fundamental conceptions in relation to the phenomenon, the stages in the process of decision making, the structure of the problems and the most common decision making mistakes.

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Критичното съзнание в перспективата на духовно ориентираната интегрална психология

Author(s): Krasimira Yonkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2012

An attempt has been made to show the complex profile of modern psychology, situated in her traits of synthesis, relativity and integrated vision. The thesis has been argumented that, the integral psychology offers an successful approach to prove the theoretical and empirical unity of knowledge. A model of spiritual intelligence has been analyzed whose conditions of development are placed in the phenomena of moral motivation and critical conscience.

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Л.Н. Толстой, М. Хайдеггер, А. Гилязов о сущностном «я» человека

Author(s): Albina Mazgarovna Sayapova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2017

The paper deals with the problem of the resonant similarities in the texts by L.N. Tolstoy, M. Heidegger, and A. Gilyazov. The research is based on the data of the literary works of the authors mentioned above: “Anna Karenina” by L.N. Tolstoy; “Philosophy of the Country Road” and “Creative Landscape” by M. Heidegger; “Let’s Pray” by A. Gilyazov. The aim of the research is to reveal the resonant similarities of the texts under study to conceptualize the fiction expression of the essential content of the human “self”, which is the most important factor of any literary work stimulating the interest of the translator in the translated piece. The tasks of the research are as follows: 1) to reveal the resonant similarities of the texts of three authors, which are seemingly different from each other; 2) to demonstrate that these seemingly distant similarities, when hermeneutically conceptualized, may serve as meaningful in our revelation of the universal ontological phenomena about the human being; 3) to demonstrate that the revelation of resonant similarities in ontological characteristics of the inner “self” of the person is the evidence that the essential “self” of the human being as a universal part of a personality serves as the basic criteria in the evaluation of a human being, their thoughts and actions. This essential source is meant to attract the translator, to be in the focus of their view as it is the natural content that unites the author and their translator.

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Лидерството и харизмата

Author(s): Ivan Ivanov,Velislava Chavdarova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2013

Two mean logical focuses are present in terms of content. The authority is viewed as a dynamic feature of the manager as a result of the social perception process. This is a precondition for the manager to constantly assess the effect of the manager’s activity and behavior in different situations. Any assessments changes reflect on the credibility and gives effect on the level of his authority and reputation. Charisma, which is considered both a goal and prerequisite for successful leadership is also analyzed and discussed.

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Личностната идентичност и любовта

Author(s): Vinitsiy Petrov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2016

The article explores the connection between the concept of personal identity and the concept of love, focusing on the possibility of personal identity. The investigation starts from the premise that personal identity has a transcendental status with respect to philosophical inquiry, especially in the domain of ethics. Then the author outlines some major problems involved in the clear explication of the concept of personal identity. The proposed solution is that personal identity is constituted by the relation to a loved one. The conclusion is that love has a transcendental status with regard to personal identity, which means it also has transcendental status with respect to all activities contingent on personal identity.

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Личностни диспозиции за асоциално поведение при юношите

Author(s): Doroteya Duneva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2018

The increase of adolescents’ anti-social actions and the deepening of negative divergent behavior are both social and normative phenomena. It is necessary to study the conditions and mechanisms for the emergence and development of asocial behavior. This paper investigates the personal dispositions, which facilitate deviations. The deviation as purposeful behavior is common for individuals with asocial proclivity, and it provokes social problem, which in essence carries the features of destructive personal characteristics. The composition of deviating behavior consists of primary and secondary characteristics. The primary ones are related to the specifics of experiences and moods. The emotionally-volitional activity is characterized with one’s deep instability and weak purposefulness, combined with contradicting moods, anxiety, crying, and depression experiences, which lead to inadequate relation with the social environment. The secondary characteristics are pertinent to high psychological and social spheres of personality, as follows: changes in the structure and function of the Ego; difficulty to analyze and evaluate social phenomena; inability to understand and accept social norms and requirements; unstable convictions; internal conflict; etc. Self-evaluation and the boundaries of self-control change.

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Личността във философско-антропологически аспект

Author(s): Luchyan Milkov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2015

The concept “person” has been drawing the attention of scientists from different fields, leading to more than 70 definitions given by philosophers, anthropologists, biologists, geneticists, psychologists, pedagogues. The issues related to the development of a person are occupying a leading position in all natural and social sciences dealing with man. In this act of development the personality goes through a complex process of metamorphosis. It is necessary to seek how, and through what forces do this development goes through as well as what defines and guides it.

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Лишаването от свобода в границите и отвъд границите на съзнанието

Author(s): Emil Madzharov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2017

This theoretical study presents conceptual views on the psychological mechanisms through which the regime, the social-educational work and the prison subculture influence on the mental functioning of prisoners.The penitentiary institution provides constructive and destructive transformations of the conscious layers into unconscious ones, as well as the reverse process.

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Магическата база на съзнанието

Author(s): Liuben Sivilov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2019

The author uses the descriptions of magic in Homer to distinguish between three components of magic: 1) the impression made by magic, which is somewhat similar to the philosophical terms “astonishment”, “amazement”, “surprise”; 2) the capacity for discrimination, which functions similarly to dialectics; 3) its kinship with science, which becomes evident when the achievements of cosmology, art, biopsychology, neurology, are interpreted in a relevant way. Through such an analysis, it becomes easy to identify the magical techniques lying at the basis of human consciousness.

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Майнонгианството и онтология на математиката

Author(s): Boris Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2020

The aim of the present paper is to present the ontology of mathematical objects using the Meinongianism. Exactly in this framework we can accept abstract objects as non-existing, which are an object of knowledge, because they bear properties. We can apply these facts on mathematical objects, which are а type of abstract objects. So we can talk about non-existing math objects instead of their existence. I will use the dilemma of Benacerraf to prove the consequences of this acceptance of math objects as existing. But there is one deficiency of them being non-existing objects. First I will review the approach in the ontology and in the abstract objects. The next step will be to apply Maiong`s method to ontology of math objects and to demonstrate its strengths and weaknesses. And accordingly to the results, how far can we use this decision of the problem of abstract objects and special to math objects.

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Мандалата в процеса на обучение като средство за себепознание и познавателно моделиране

Author(s): Yana Racheva-Merdjanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 8/2017

This article presents the educational and forming properties of the mandala in its philosophical and pedagogical aspect, and as an accumulated historical cultural practice. On the basis of professional experience and results the term „cognitive mandala“ is introduced, its heuristic potential and the methodical prerequisites for its expression in the profound process of self-knowledge and cognitive modelling.

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Междуличностни проблеми и агресия при юношите

Author(s): Magdalena Michailova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2015

Childhood aggression is an important focus for educatures and parents owing to its relative stability over time and consistent link to a variety of negative outcomes later in adolescence including delinquency,substance use, conduct problems,poor adjustment and academic diffiuculties. In addition verbaland physical aggression often are the first signs,as well as later desining symptoms,of several childhood phychiartie disorders. By adolescence, this developmental course results in a hightened risk of substance use, delinqnent acts, and school failure.

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МЕТАКОГНИТИВНОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ СИТУАТИВНОСТИ/НАДСИТУАТИВНОСТИ МЫШЛЕНИЯ В КАЧЕСТВЕ КРИТЕРИЯ ОЦЕНКИ РЕШЕНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМНЫХ СИТУАЦИЙ В КОММУНИКАЦИЯХ

Author(s): Mergalyas Mergalimovich Kashapov,Irina Vladimirovna Serafimovich,Tatiana Vyacheslavovna Ogorodova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 4/2015

The results of the empiric study used as theoretical foundations and metacognitive substantiation of situational/metasituational professional thinking, which is the evaluation criterion of communicative situation solving, are presented. The comparison of the multilayered construction of professional thinking and the metacognitive approach has made it possible to reveal the specific features of metacognitive strategies according to the type of professional thinking. It has been demonstrated that the level of metacognitive activity influences the dynamics of transition from situational professional thinking to metasituational one, as well as the variations in interaction between the types. It has been proved that the acts of problem solving during the transition from situational to metasituational thinking are characterized by the orientation to self-development and creativity.

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Метаморфоза на жизнения смисъл при дисоцииране от субективното му преживяване – житейски смисъл в инверсия

Author(s): Ivan S. Stoyanov,Manol Manolov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2018

The aim of the report is to present a risk that is related to the change in the way that meaning in life is perceived. It is covered by the shift from the subjective experience of meaning in life to its acquisition by an entity other than the Self. The study examines the possibility that the meaning in life can be obtained through the child. In particular, the likelihood that post-natal deprivation will generate the idea of a “stopped life” that is offset by the child’s personality, or life in the name and through the child. The concept of meaning in life in conversion is proposed for defining the same.

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Метапознание учебной деятельности студентов с разным уровнем психической саморегуляции

Author(s): Ekaterinа Igorevna Perikova,Valentina Michailovna Byzova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5/2020

Introduction. A number of researchers have reported the influence of metacognition and self-regulation on learning and academic performance. However, to date there has been little agreement on how these processes are related to each other. This study is aimed at identifying the relationship between metacognition and mental self-regulation of learning, as well as comparing the components of metacognitive awareness among students with different levels of mental self-regulation. Materials and Methods. A theoretical framework of this study included J. Flavell and A. Brown’s Metacognition Theory; Konopkin’s Structural-Functional Approach to Studying Conscious Self-Regulation and B. Zimmerman’s Self-Regulated Learning Theory. The study used the following psychological testing techniques: (a) V. Morosanova’s Style of Behaviour self-regulation questionnaire, (b) G. Schraw & R. Dennison’s Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (short version) adapted by Perikova and Byzova, (c) E. Y. Mandrikova’s Self-regulation questionnaire, (d) D. V. Lyusin’s Emotional intelligence inventory, (e) D. A. Leontiev’s Differential reflexivity diagnostic. The sample consisted of 186 students of St. Petersburg State University aged 19,51±1,39 years. Results. The results indicate a wide range of relationships between mental self-regulation and metacognitive, cognitive, motivational and emotional components. Self-regulation is primarily linked with metacognitive processes of control and regulation of cognition, as well as cognition management. Metacognitive awareness of general and individual patterns, cognitive abilities and strategies are included in the process of self-regulation to a lesser extent. However, the results of factor analysis and regression analysis indicate that metacognition components did not affect self-regulation. Analysis of the variance confirmed that individuals with a low level of self-regulation demonstrate significantly less pronounced metacognitive, motivational and emotional components. Conclusions. The study demonstrates the systemic nature of the relationship between mental self-regulation and metacognitive components, as well as cognitive, motivational and emotional components.

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Метафизическият генезис на онтологията

Author(s): Georgi Donev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2020

The paper analyzes the metaphysical genesis of the ontology. Two primary forms of metaphysical thinking are defined. The first form is defined as dogmatical metaphysical thinking. The latter includes the substantial form of existence, which is explicated through the ontic apriori semantics and leads to contradictions. These contradictions are established through the language of classical logic. The second form is defined as critical metaphysical thinking, which is objectless and contains logical syntax that sets apriori the boundaries of the possible semantics of the existence of the transcendental consciousness’ objects. In this sense, the ontology is a relative semantics, which is a consequence of the metaphysical critique of the ontic form of existence.

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