Around the Bloc: TOL Region Still Tough Place for LGBTI Community
Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland were dubbed the worst three EU countries for sexual minorities in newly released ranking, while Azerbaijan came in last in Europe.
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Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland were dubbed the worst three EU countries for sexual minorities in newly released ranking, while Azerbaijan came in last in Europe.
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The article presents an overview of experimental materials regarding the role of individu-al-typological peculiarities in the process of adaptation to school. The data on the study of psy-chophysiological indicators of learning senior classes, taking into account the differentiated profile training. The analysis of the change of the psychophysiological organization on the re-sults of cognitive tests and neurodynamic tests teenagers during preprofile and profile training. It is shown that for each profile training identified certain psychophysiological predictors, al-lowing for distribution into three groups, "recommended", "conditionally recommended" and "not recommended" to the chosen profile of educational activity, which largely determine the success of the training. Carried corrective actions have an impact on the improvement of indi-cators cognitive sphere and activities for normalization processes of regulation of physiological systems of the body. It is established that in order to reduce the physiological "cost" of training is necessary to carry out comprehensive correctional actions for students relating to the "at risk". Results of the study allow a differential analysis of the indicators of psychophysiological adaptation of schoolboys to educational and learning process. Our results indicate that both adaptation and successfulness of learning in high school link of defined sufficiently developed psychophysiological qualities selected for this profile, while senior pupils who have psychophys-iological characteristics do not match the quality of the selected profile learning develops pro-cess maladjustment and increases physiological "price" training.
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Previous studies show that maladaptive metacognitive beliefs may constitute the psychopathological core of anxiety and depression. Recent findings also indicate that anxiety exacerbates the severity of depression. We investigated the hypothesis that anxiety mediates the relationship between faulty metacognitive beliefs and depressive symptoms in normal subjects. Two hundred and eight normal participants completed the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We performed mediation analysis to explore the relationships between metacognition, depression, and trait anxiety as a mediator. Our study showed that positive beliefs about worry, negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger, low cognitive confidence, and negative beliefs about the need to control thoughts, and cognitive self-consciousness were mediated by the level of anxiety associated withthe severity of depression. Moreover, the mediation analysis indicated that only cognitive confidence beliefs directly influenced the intensity of depressive symptoms.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the emergence of client-centered approach developed by Carl Rogers, its theoretical framework, and the use of its principles and techniques in social work practice. Rogers' clinical experience with social workers has helped him see that the leading models of psychoanalysis are inadequate, and hence the need to develop new treatment methods for practice. The focal point of this approach is the understanding that one is responsible for one's own life. Grounded in humanist psychology, this approach acknowledges that every individual has the potential to realize himself. Given that a client is accepted as he/she is and listened empathically, his/her latent powers will be revealed and he/she will be able to find solutions to his/her own problems. In the client-centered approach, the intervention process begins with the initial interview. Since the focus is the client, the client decides what will happen during the interview. The social worker does not make any assessment, neither gets a history nor monitors the agenda of the client's goals, but respects the client and exhibits a warm and welcoming attitude. It is the client himself who steers the interview. This approach reflects some of the ethical principles of social work such as the human principle, the biopsychosocial approach to assessment and intervention, the client's right to self-determination, the spiritual orientation of the client, and the prestige and honor of all people. Therefore, there are many aspects that are compatible with social work practice.
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Koczanowicz explores one of the most interesting effects of modernity, namely the universal sense that we are someone else. This sense is rooted in modernity’s key developments, such as the division of labour, social stratification, the collapse of universally accepted values and the appearance of the individual as a separate social category. These developments promote the notion that our identity is imposed from outside. Koczanowicz analyses this state by drawing on the concept of harmatia, borrowed from ancient poetics. But while in antiquity harmatia was linked with exceptional figures who did not recognize their actual situation, in modernity it has become more democratic, belonging to almost all people.
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The connection between MANAGEMENT and PERFORMANCE is mediated by motivation, which proves to be one of the most efficient elements from the range of tools at the disposal of the leadership meant to ensure constant increase of the final performance in the activity of an enterprise.
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Stress management is the individual's ability to handle any situation, external conditions, to match the demands of the external environment. The researchers revealed several stages in the stress response. A first phase was called ‘‘alert reaction'' or ‘‘immediate reaction to stress‘‘, phase in which there are physiological modifications and manifestations that occur under psychological aspect. Adaptation phase is the phase in which the reactions from the first phase diminishes or disappears. Exhaustion phase is related to the diversity of stress factors and time and may exceed the resources of the human body to adapt. Influencing factors may be: limited, cognitive, perceptual, and a priori. But there is a threshold of significance in stress management. Once the reaction to external stimuli occurs, awareness is needed. The capability effect occurs, any side effect goes away and comes out the ''I AM'' effect.
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The aim of this work is to present the adapted version of the Questionnaire of separation-individuation for adolescents, Levin et al. (1986). A sample of 1003 students from several faculties of the University of Rijeka participated in the study. An adapted and shortened version of the Questionnaire of separation-individuation examining relationships with significant persons: parents, friends and professors, was applied. The factor structure of our questionnaire was mostly congruent to the structure of the original questionnaire. Five factors were extracted representing dimensions of separation-individuation: denying the need for others, separational anxiety, inhibition due to parental control, a yearning for childhood and healthy independence. With regard to the clear factor structure and satisfactory coefficients of internal consistency, the questionnaire of separation-individuation can be used as a measure of the separation-individuation of adolescents.
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Dvadeseta godišnjica smrti Vere Stein Erlich prilika je da njezin lik i djelo otmemo zaboravu. Rodila se 1897. godine u Zagrebu, gdje je 1980. godine umrla. Životni ju je put za vrijeme Drugog svjetskog rata odveo u Italiju, a neposredno poslije rata živjela je gotovo petanaest godina u Americi. U Berlinu i Beču je studirala i 1924. godine diplomirala psihologiju. No, ona je već ranije usmjerila svoj životni put, kad je s 19 godina počela objavljivati radove o psihološkim i pedagoškim problemima. U desetljeću pred Drugi svjetski rat objavila je u izdanju Minerve četiri knjige o problematici odgoja djece i omladine (1933., 1934., i 1936. g.). U sklopu petnaestak studija tih godina ona piše o metodama i značenju crtanja te o knjigama za djecu, a rad o utjecaju bolesti na karakter djeteta očito je rezultat suradnje s njezinim suprugom dr. Benom Stein. U to doba bavila se posebno individualnom psihologijom, vjerojatno i pod utjecajem dostignuća psihologa Alfreda Adlera, kome je pisala nekrolog {Židov, 11.06.1937. i Književnik, 10,1937.).
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Non-decreasing extent of bullying, increasing rates of various dependencies and suicides, high level of adolescents’ behavioural and emotional problems are observed in Lithuanian schools at present. Academic literature sources have revealed that adolescents’ mental health is mainly researched from the deficitoriented perspective, i.e. factors under research are related to various impairments, encountered difficulties or their risk. It is particularly important to conduct research on the positive adolescent development, its strengths, emotional and social areas of health that can be developed. The present research emphasizes a positive development of youth and social emotional aspects of such development. Aim. To investigate differences in adolescents’ social and emotional health and empathy by age and gender in the Lithuanian sample. Method. Social and Emotional Health Survey (Furlong et al., 2014) and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) (Davis, 1980). The sample: 600 adolescents (12–18 year olds) from various Lithuanian schools. Research results and conclusions. The scores of SEHS–S scales of belief-in-self and engaged living are statistically significantly higher in the group of junior adolescents (12–15 year olds) and those of empathy (IRI) are higher among senior adolescents (16–18 year olds); significantly higher scores of empathy scales are observed in the group of girls compared to boys. The results of the conducted research contribute to the development of expression of school learners’ social and emotional health and empathy.
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This comparative research has its focus on investigating the presence of ADHD behavior disturbance disorders among the preschoolers who have speech disabilities.The design of the study that has been used is a comparative one. The research participants were represented by 64 preschoolers, age 3-6, divided into two independent test samples: preschoolers who have speech disabilities and preschoolers who do not have speech disabilities. The ADHD symptoms were assessed with the two questionnaires for the early childhood inventory ECI-4.Participant’s language level was established by using specific tests that are frequently used in the Romanian speech therapy field.The highlights of the study referred to the fact that the preschoolers who were identified with a speech disability showed more serious symptoms of ADHD behavior than the preschoolers who do not have any kind of speech disability.
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This paper focuses on presenting a case study regarding Down Syndrome and the use of social stories in targeting pragmatic communication development, screening the results with Webster Scale and The Pragmatic Communication Abilities Profile in the day to day life of pupils.It is considered that using social stories as a mediator to learning and enhancing communicational skills in pupils with Down Syndrome improves their chance of quickly seeing results while also reducing the levels of distress, frustration or inadequacy that the pupils might feel when noticing that they are not easily understood, not fluent or coherent in what they wish to communicate, greatly increasing the comprehensibility of language as a whole.The case study presents situations in which a young boy with Down Syndrome finds himself in the posture of both receiver and broadcaster of messages composed of singular words, short phrases or even complex communicational scenarios in which he both listens and responds, actively interacting with his tuturor.
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The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) is a widely used instrument for measuring selfcompassion. In this study we examined psychometric properties of the SCS long and short form in a Slovenian community sample (N = 442). The total score reliability was satisfactory both in the long form (α = .91) and short form (α = .81). The reliability of subscales in the long form was between .66 and .84, and relatively low in the short form (from .45 to .72). We performed a confirmatory factor analysis and examined a one factor, a two factor a six-factor correlated model, a higher order model, and a bi-factor model. The six-factor and bi-factor models showed the best fit for the SCS-LF, and the six-factor model was the only acceptable fit for the SCS-SF. The correlation between the long and the short form is very high (r = .96). The SCS correlates in a predictable way with satisfaction with life, well-being, and attachment styles. We concluded that Slovenian versions of both the long and the short form of the SCS have generally from acceptable to good psychometric properties. Results supported the use of both the total score and subscale scores of SCS-LF. The short version of the SCS can be used as a good and economical alternative when the aim is to use the total score.
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Participation in long-distance races such as a marathon, half, and mini-marathon has become increasingly popular in the last few years in Serbia, and the same trend is evident in a number of other countries. Why does an increasing number of people go beyond limits of ordinary recreation and jogging and participate in such a demanding activity? Data from 289 runners (54% male) who had completed at least one endurance running (ER) race, assessing their motivation (MOMS), positive and negative affect, and subjective well-being has been collected. After testing the original theoretical MOMS model using confirmatory factor analysis, recommendations for the scale and its latent structure were given and the relations between that latent structure and mental health outcomes were examined. Our results suggest that ER is more than physical recreation or competition. Coping with negative emotional states represents a significant reason for practicing ER. As such, it could be understood as a strategy for improvement in the emotional well-being domain, which is an essential component of overall mental-health, hence, the main underlying reason why a large number of people participates in such a physically demanding task
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The aim of this study was to examine the extent to which the socially desirable responding(SDR) distorts results of HEDONICA personaliy inventory (acronim based on eightdimensions of this inventory: Honesty, Disintegration, Impulsiveness, Openness, Extraversion,Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness). The inventory HEDONICA was mergedwith components of the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) as a controlinventory and was administered to a sample of 227 students under two experimental situations/contexts, operationalized by two instructions: the standard (S) one (such as “be honest”) andthe “fake good” (FG) one (such as “portray yourself in a most positive way”). Comparingscores in S and FG situations by using MANOVA, a clear distortion on all personality traits insocially desirable directions were evidenced. When, however, the BIDR subscales in the FGsituation were entered into MANOVA as covariates, differences between personality scores inS and FG sitautions were considerably reduced, and became statistically insignificant on fivepersonality dimensions. When the variance of dimensions of the BIDR inventory was removedfrom the variance of HEDONICA traits in FG situation, the change between intercorrelationsof personality dimensions in S and FG situations did not attain statistical significance. Thislead to the conclusion that the SDR bias, if even does affect test results (i.e., enhances scoresin FG situation), does not affect the scale structure and predictive validity of the examinedpersonality inventory.
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We spend big part of our lives in partnership relations, and they are very important to us, because they provide us with safety and opportunity to be creative and free in researching our environment (Stefanovic – Stanojevic, 2012). The study research the interconnection of the secure, preoccupied, fearful and avoidant patterns of partner attachment and working styles Be perfect, Please others, Try hard, Be strong and Hurry up. The research was conducted on the sample of 138 participants, and instruments used for testing pattern of partner attachment were Close Relationships Questionnaire (Bartholomew & Shaver, 1988) and Julie Hay’s Questionnaire for Working styles (Hay, 2009). The research showed that there is a statistically significant correlation between secure pattern of partner attachment and working style Please others (r=0.243, p<0.01), Hurry up (r=0.211, p<0.05) and Be strong (r=0.171, p<0.05). Fearful pattern of partner attachment is in positively correlation with work styles Please others (r=0.189, p<0.05), Hurry up (r=0.181, p<0.05) and Be strong (r=0.177, p<0.05). Preoccupied pattern of partner attachment is in positive correlation with working styles Please others (r=0.277, p<0.01), Hurry up (r=0.215, p<0.05) and Be strong (r=0.171, p<0.05). Dismissing pattern of partner attachment is in positive correlation with working style Be strong (r=0.170, p<0.05).
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It is critically important that being self sufficient without need others for visullay impaired individuals. Thus, visullay impaired individuals become more independent, more active in the society as increases their self-confidence and they feel more happy. Several techniques are present for visullay impaired individuals to living independently. In this study, some of the orientation and independent motion skills are introduced that living independently for visually impaired individuals in society.
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This article, which is based upon the findings of a seven-year research project concerning the social world of climbing, discusses climbing as an organized social practice that possesses a strong historical dimension and collective character. It examines the relation between individual participants and that social world as a whole, and it accepts that an individual’s personal life may be inscribed in the development and formation of that world in two ways. These are 1) a given social world imposes the behavioral patterns, normative rules, institutional schemes of actions, and careers upon participants that characterize their identities and actions; and 2) the actions of an individual participant trigger significant change in that world. I am particularly interested in those unique situations in which when a participant induces a change that affects a given social world (or a sub-world) as a whole, and discuss two examples of this relation, namely, the history of designing and creating climbing equipment, and setting new standards of climbing performance. Briefly stated, innovative solutions are born in conjunction with particular climbing actions that are either promoted or hindered depending on whether or not the vision of the primary activity associated with those solutions was accepted by the majority of participants. The dynamics and transformations of the social world in question thus rely upon the activities of exceptional individuals who, as pioneers, innovators, and visionaries, attain mastery in performing the primary activity of that world and set new standards of performance for others. A new mode of acting—in order to be collectively adopted—must be accepted as both valuable and morally justified by all participants.
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The goal was to explore the contribution of socio-demographic variables, stigmatization, self-monitoring and externality in explanation of self-image and self-esteem of male juveniles with socially unacceptable behavior on whom were applied non-institutional (N=146) and institutional measures (N=126). In the research were applied Coopersmith’s questionnaire of self-esteem, Offer’s revised questionnaire of self-image, Externality scale, Self-monitoring scale, Questionnaire for assessing the experience of stigmatization in juveniles with socially unacceptable behavior and assessed socio-demographic data. A hierarchic regression analysis was conducted, with following blocks of variables: first block connected to school status and age, second block connected to number of parents and marital status, third block about education and employment of parents as well as the assessment of financial status, fourth block about former interventions to family andjuvenile, fifth block offormal and informal stigmatization and sixth block about self-monitoring and externality. Included variables explained 46% of variance of self-image and 42% of variance of self-esteem ofjuveniles with socially unacceptable behavior. The best predictors of self-image were formal and informal stigmatization and the assessment of financial status of the family, while in predicting the self-esteem the best predictors were informal stigmatization, externality, the assessment of financial status of the family, the number of former interventions by the court for criminal act and the age of juvenile
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