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The article presents the issue of the development of educational systems in modern European countries. On the basis of the dynamics of our time, provoking the search for and formation of adequate strategies in the educational policy of Europe, the modernization of education in Europe is traced. The factors that significantly determine the priorities of modern education policy, as well as the priority development of one or another aspect of the educational system, aimed at ensuring quality education and sustainable social development, are specified. The article examines various educational initiatives that are being taken in the single European space. Emphasis is placed on the initiatives for: compulsory pre-school education; increasing the duration and quality of the secondary school education; making “higher education equally accessible to all” one of the principles of state strategies; introduction of the practice of adult education; developing criteria for recognizing the results of non-formal and informal education. The article seeks projections of these initiatives in the Bulgarian educational system
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Theoretical and empirical research which was provided a study of influence of psychological and pedagogical characteristics of students as a separate socio-age group on their activity in self-education. Theoretical analysis of potential opportunities for activating students self-education due to age and social aspects of their lives are carried out. Empirical study of goals and motives, life plans, awareness of personal and professional "self-concept" of humanities students showed high interest in self-education in the vast majority of students against the background of partial formation of motivation for personal and professional self-development and generally low awareness of their own characteristics. The positive influences on the self-education of students of humanities faculties of the following psychological and pedagogical factors are revealed: conscious life creation; activity in self-development; ability of self-actualization, self-organization and self-regulation of own development; formation of a humanistic worldview. Тo enhance the self-education of students with purposeful use of this factors can affect the overall quality of future professional trainings.
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This paper emphasizes the effects of teaching literature in the younger grades of primary school in the context of the development of socially desirable behavior of students. The aim of this research was to determine how much literature content for children, which is the part of the curriculum for pupils attending classes from the first to the fourth grade of the elementary school, with the application of adequate teaching methods and affirmation of socially desirable values, contribute to the development and nurturing of socially desirable behaviour of students. The research can be marked as ex post facto, with the application of a descriptive method and a survey procedure. The findings of the research show that the texts of children's literature, with adequate methodical procedure during their interpretation, contribute to the development of socially desirable characteristics and values of students.
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In this study, it was aimed to identify the factors impacting the effective citizenship values of secondary school students within the scope of social studies education. The research data were collected from 5 different secondary schools located in the province of Kocaeli in Turkey in the fall semester of 2020-2021 academic year. Participants of the study were a total of 905 students, 481 of whom were females and 424 of them were males. In this study carried out in the scanning design as a descriptive study, the effect of students’ grade level, gender, education level of their parents, monthly income of the family, frequency of following the news and being a member of a non-governmental organization on the effective citizenship values were tried to be identified. The study is the first international research to determine the effective citizenship value levels of Secondary School students within the scope of social studies education.
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The main focus of this article is on comparing the centralisation and decentralisation in higher education in Hungary and Germany. This study explores trends in implementing quality assurance measures in higher education. It employs the methodology of document analysis to identify differences between the two nations in the level of autonomy they accord to higher education institutions in regulating quality assurance standards. Data collected from these documents demonstrate that the two countries have divergent approaches to higher education governance. In the Hungarian higher education system, management is centralised and monitored by the national government. This state control indicates limited autonomy amongst higher education institutions to organise academic programs. In contrast, the German legal documents examined in this study indicate a belief in the need to guarantee the quality of learning, teaching, research, academic freedom, gender equality, and institutional autonomy. The data collected reveal the close relationship between governance and quality assurance in discourses regarding the accountability, transparency, and freedom of stakeholders.
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In the 21st century, reality, characterized by volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, together termed VUCA, change constantly occurs throughout social, technological, economic, environmental, educational, and political (STEEEP model) aspects of society. Therefore, education systems need to adopt innovative approaches to adapt to the frequently changing world. In this study, educational and pedagogical innovation is regarded as including whatever constitutes a change in all areas to which education relates. As teachers are one of the most crucial factors in influencing students’ academic success, and as they must rapidly adapt and constantly innovate to adequately prepare their students for ever-changing circumstances, it is essential to identify traits of innovative teachers. The main goal of this study is to characterize the personality traits of innovative teachers according to the Big Five Personality Traits model, referred to as the NEO-AC model, using qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings show that innovative teachers perceive themselves as first and foremost open to experiences. They are curious people with highly developed imaginations and a wide range of interests. Innovative teachers also may be unconventional, capable of putting together plans and projects from several different disciplines
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According to leading Kant scholars, in mid-1760s Kant realizes that his program for the reform of metaphysics cannot be developed by the method of conceptual analysis which he had previously considered to be more adequate than the synthetic method of the Wolffians that imitates the mathematical one. In this paper, I put into question the claim of a pre-Critical project of ‘analytical metaphysics’ by trying to show that even for the ‘pre-Critical’ Kant the proper method of metaphysics is genuinely synthetic, but the synthetic construction in question should have been prepared by a Critical and subsequent exhaustive analysis of key material-instrumental concepts of the peculiar philosophical science under question.
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The article discusses the peculiarities of the attitudes and expectations of students and parents about the impact of various extracurricular activities on individual educational development in the period of schooling. The influence of non-formal education on the development of students in formal education is analyzed through their view. The study was conducted through a semi-structured interview. 34 students, 32 parents and 15 teachers were interviewed. The successful influences and the existing barriers and limitations that prevent the realization of the positive effects of the connection of formal and non-formal education in the achievement of education as an individualized project are discussed.
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The article provides a theoretical analysis of the legal framework in the country in terms of the possibilities, regulations and conditions for the implementation of integrated (extracurricular or extracurricular) activities combining formal and non-formal education. A leading method for the qualitative study is the analysis of documents, which in this case covers the fields of educational and social legislation. On this basis, the various forms, and activities for more individualized and differentiated activities are analyzed in parallel as pedagogical but also as a specific type of social work in support of their interests and stakes, as well as for their personal and professional development. the opportunities of non-formal education and social work to support the education system and its institutions in unity. Special attention is also paid to the contribution of non-formal education to the objectives of social work.
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The understanding of innovations and their definition has been considered within the scientific literature since the middle of the last century and, depending on the field of interpretation, undergoes different definitions and understandings, which are often too fuzzy or unclear. However, regardless of the research field in which "innovation" is placed, it is always definitely linked to change, development, implementation of a new or significantly improved process, product, or service (OECD, 2005). To this understanding, some researchers add the processes of actual exploitation and commercialization of innovations (Dewangan & Godse 2014). This paper does not aim to examine in depth the definitive and/or procedural aspects of different types of innovation, nor to classify them. It focuses on the strategic understanding of innovation in its connection to the higher education system (Aghion, 2008) and its role in the intelligent, free, market-oriented, sustainable, and resource-responsible development of the regions. The main research methods used are the analysis of literature sources, comparative analysis of qualitative data from secondary sources of information, and case study research, based on the practice of the University of Ruse "Angel Кanchev" in the last 10 years.
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The paper presents the results from a study of the interaction between intonation and information structure in SVO and OVS sentences with communicatively (un)marked alignment of information structure elements. We analyzed the prosodic features of pre-nuclear and nuclear pitch accents. The information structure elements were characterized using Steedman’s (2000) model which classifies sentence constituents as belonging to one of the following categories: theme-background, theme-focus, rheme-background and rheme-focus. Our study found that unmarked and marked alignment has no effect on the pitch range of the rheme-focus. In cases of communicatively unmarked alignment, the pitch range of the theme-background (and rheme-background) group in OVS sentences is wider than in SVO sentences. Word order has no effect on the duration of the accented syllable. Topicalized constituents belonging to the theme-background in OVS sentences with unmarked alignment form separate intermediate phrases. In cases of marked alignment, the rheme-focus ends with a phrase accent and sometimes a pause. The rheme-background and rheme-focus always take a pitch accent, whereas the theme-background is marked by a pitch accent only in cases of communicatively unmarked alignment. The theme-background is deaccented when the sentence is communicatively marked.
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The article is devoted to the enormous topic of dialect variety on lexical level. The object of the analysis is the lexical expression of antonymous relations in the word pairs sick – healthy. The presentation of semantic and word forming models in the two words shows different motivational signs which are the basis for their formation in the Bulgarian speech. Different realizations of the two adjectives in the Bulgarian dialects are reviewed on the basis of rich illustrative material. The vocabulary article is enclosed in the end of the study. It certifies the realization of the meanings in the different Bulgarian dialects.
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Bulgaria ratified the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in 1992, as such this European act has become part of our domestic legislation. Explaining in detail the differences and similarities between the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg and the Bulgarian judicial system, we will actually see how much they are similar. This is the purpose of the present study - comparative analysis in all aspects: territorial jurisdiction, legal jurisdiction, including procedurally legitimate persons to file complaints, procedural issues, stages of the process, court decisions and appeals. The first and most important task of the study is to get acquainted in detail with our European rights, as well as their judicial protection. On the other hand, the knowledge of the European judicial mechanisms leads to the expansion of our national horizons in a supranational perspective, to opportunities for professional realization outside the borders of the country, on a European and global scale. The research method used in the present scientific work is the comparative analysis. The methodology we refer to in preparing the analysis is based on a predetermined methodological approach and structure in conducting the analysis. The methodological approach itself includes a general overview of the legal framework, regulating the administration of justice in national courts and at European level. An essential feature of the approach used is to compare the two established legal systems, at home and in Strasbourg, at all levels, to explore links and interdependencies possible differences. Expected results: acquainting the Bulgarians with their European rights, as in case of violation of these rights, learning about the mechanisms for their protection in court. Conclusions and summaries: Bulgaria is part of the common European framework. As such, its citizens are Bulgarians, but also Europeans. Namely, as Europeans, they have rights that are guaranteed to them by Europe and that should be respected in Bulgaria. Failure to respect these European rights creates conflicts that should be resolved by both national courts and the European Court of Human Rights.
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This article presents the main dimensions of the intercultural educational environment, systematized in the framework of research on contemporary intercultural educational programs for ethnographic and historical museums. In this context, the results of a study of the opinion of teachers on the need and importance of the implementation of intercultural educational programs for ethnographic and historical museums have been interpreted.
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Tourist resources, considered in a specific area unit, are a prerequisite for illustrating the result of geological and geographical factors. The theoretical foundations of the landscape are laid in the development, reduced to regional planning and development of the available natural and anthropogenic tourist resources. When the reader understands the significance of the study, the monitoring of tourist resources will take him to the land named "Little Vienna" - Ruse and its surroundings. The author's paradigm presents selected and suitable for advertising natural and anthropogenic tourist resources, on which to emphasize their wealth and importance for the country.
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The research presents the creative world in the stories of Elin Pelin. The period of his development as a writer is tracked. The characters are presented with their positive and negative features. Described are the dialogue, which is a distinctive feature of the author’s stories, the role of the landscapes without which the development of the action is unthinkable, and the atmosphere in the Bulgarian village.
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The article discusses the necessity to apply specific methodological principles in FLT for professional purposes due to the increasing interest of learners towards such training. The focus is on the essence of the concept of specialized economic language and on the method of Task-Based Approach. The necessary strategies for its application are also mentioned. The development of the skill for active linguistic performance is promoted mainly by the implementation of minimally structured training situations (authenticity). The constructivist principle of creating polymodular conditions, including the personal experience of the learner so as to stimulate the solution of the given problem are mentioned. For this purpose the specialized content and its peculiarities together with its exact location in the vertical stratification of specialized language are emphasized. The process of working with specialized text and one of the descriptors of CEFR are discussed. When working, the principles of subject-specific aspects are taken into consideration, placing the importance on the quality of teaching materials instead of their quantity, and prioritizing the sistematicity and the orientation of the content over the form.
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The current article examines Bulgarian public political speech as a challenge for the professional translators and as a series of political messages addressed to young people who study at higher educational institutions in Bulgaria. The article analyses the perception of clichéd constructions as well as the models of speech aggression which are widely practiced in different discussion formats such as election campaign debates, parliamentary control, public debates on TV where important public issues are discussed. The observations on the presidential election campaign in 2021 are also presented as well as the perception of the political messages by the nominees. The main conclusion from the scientific study shows that both Bulgarians and foreigners face problems with the grammatically correct sentence constructions behind which there is a minimum of information. The study also confirms the hypothesis that foreign students in Bulgaria recognize a number of common features between the political speech in our country and in their home countries. The clichés and the speech aggression are present in the global political speech as a component which defines the models of public speech and Bulgaria is no exception from that. A similar conclusion can be made about the interconnection between political and journalistic speech where the following common speech features can be recognized: inability to listen to the interlocutor; politicians slide over journalistic questions; the “self” overexposure, etc.
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The article examines the evolvement of the Bulgarian word kurort in historical terms. The first part discusses the practices of using the healing power of nature from ancient times to the present day. Special attention is paid to balneology in Bulgaria as evidenced by numerous settlements named Banya, lit. ‘bath’. Next, an analysis is made of the word kurort and its dissimilarity from the corresponding English and French terms. The emergence of the concept of Kurort in the German language is associated with the general development of medicine from the XIV century onwards, when the medical terminology changed.
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