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The paper looks at the problem of national and human security in many parts of Africa today, seen in the inability of most governments to guarantee the adequate protection, peace and well-being of the citizens due in part to foreign dominating ideas. Cabral in his cultural and political thought offered philosophical insights and applied culture to the analysis of security for modern Africa. His theory of security is build upon the struggle for liberation from the colonial ordinance and his philosophy of identity is based on a combination of theory and praxis in the pursuit of reality. This requires the unearthing of the deep cultural roots and causes of things. This harmonization of interests is not just between men and men, but also between men and nature. The question is; what principles and values can best facilitate the crucial sense of security in most African societies?
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The behavioral economy that emerged as a result of the criticisms directed to the classical economic theory explains that people cannot always be rational in their decisions; states that psychological, social and individual factors are also effective on decisions and even lead to mistakes in decisions. In this study; framing effect, sunk cost fallacy and mental accounting on the decisions about healthcare services, were investigated. The data obtained through a questionnaire applied to 726 participants in Istanbul, were analyzed in the SPSS 24.0 program. According to the results of the study; it was determined that gender, age, number of children, educational status and monthly household income, behavioral economics caused significant difference in healthcare decisions.
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Emotion and affect are different, yet intricately interwoven. Emotions such as fear, joy, or sadness are biological in as far as they are physically felt, but they are relational in as far as they are more fully experienced. Affect arises out of the relational quality of emotion—it consists of the myriad ways in which emotions are embodied, expressed, and enacted. Emotion and affect are influenced by their physical and symbolic contexts. In terms of physical context, data for this article were collected from two different research studies and several sites in the Free State Province of South Africa. Two forms of data were collected: verbal data and images/artworks. In terms of symbolic context, these verbal and visual forms of language and their functioning were explored to generate insights on the social construction of emotion and affect. Margaret Wetherell’s work provides a theoretical basis for analyzing emotion and affect. Rather than conceptualizing emotion in terms of obscure or esoteric formulations, her “practice-based” approach grounds the study of emotion by examining its manifestation in actions. When taken together, action and practice imply pattern and order, form and function, process and consequence. Both projects featured in this paper are sensitive studies that stir emotion. This is fertile ground for exploring emotion and affect in participants’ narratives. It is also fertile ground for exploring how emotion and affect may influence the qualitative researcher and the research process itself. Accordingly, this paper offers an additional layer of analysis on the functioning of intersubjectivity, power, emotion, and affect in the research encounter. Concluding insights endorse the practice of mindfulness as a fruitful approach to manage researcher subjectivity in the qualitative research encounter.
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U »periodu priprema« (Breton je tako nazvao period započet posle objavljivanja Drugog manifesta nadrealizma: radilo se o pripremama za društvenu revoluciju) revandikacija sna postala je oštrija kod nadrealista, prava snevača branjena su od njih s povećanom žestinom. Moglo bi da izgleda paradoksalno što ljudi koji teže političkoj akcija, koji prihvataju realističke nužnosti borbe za novi svet, u isto vreme ističu ono što na izgled protiivreči toj akciji, himeru, utopiju, beg u imaginarno.
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Tvorac »najznačajnijeg filosofskog speva čovečanstva« (A. Savić Rebac), tragični, tmurni pesnik Lukretije, o čijem životu jedva da nešto znamo, a i to nepouzdano, poduhvatio se retko teškog, do naivnosti optimističkog pesničkog zadatka, da ljude oslobodi straha od smrti, straha koji je valjda neminovan i večit koliko i sam životni kraj, ali koji ljudi obično ne umeju da prevladaju ni da prihvate ni u psihičko-emotivnom ni u racionalnom pogledu.
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This paper aims to develop hypotheses on the relationship between people’s Need for Cognitive Closure score and how they perform in decision-making task involving asymmetrically dominated alternative. This paper also proposes an experimental design to verify the hypotheses. When designing a choice set, one can increase the probability of option A being chosen by introducing a decoy - option B, which is similar but inferior to A. This effect is known as Asymmetric Dominance Effect. Although the effect has been investigated in a number of previous studies, the examination of the role of individual differences in decoy performance is missing. This paper focuses on how the different levels of Need for Cognitive Closure (NFCC) in decision makers might result in different decoy performance.
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This article examines how the arousing properties of words influence the local vs. global scope of perception in the Kimchi–Palmer task. It was assumed that arousal is a stimulus property that influences a person’s mental state. Suboptimal arousal (low or high) was expected to narrow the visual scope in comparison to optimal (moderate) arousal. Words varying in arousal (three levels) and matched for valence, concreteness, frequency of appearance, and length were read by 20 young adults (8 women and 12 men, Mage = 21.85, SD = 1.69). The participants were then asked about their scope of perception using the Kimchi–Palmer task, allowing for differentiation between the priority of processing on local versus global features of compound geometrical figures. The relationship between the arousal level of the words read and the subsequent cognitive scope followed the Yerkes-Dodson law in that stimuli inducing an intermediate arousal level (versus low or high level of arousal inducements) were associated with a broader, more global cognitive scope.
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The book discusses a new model of interaction of emotions and cognitive processes explaining the relationships between them from the perspective of dual-system theories describing the mind’s operation in terms of automatic and controlled processes. The author presents the results of his own behavioral studies and neurophysiological measurements, which prove that emotions can lead to the deterioration or improvement of cognitive functioning.
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The book presents a unique and interesting reasearch project around the creative transgression. It explores a subject being of great importance for one's development and supporting them in educational processes.
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History of the social sciences at the University of Warsaw presented in the volume includes five main fields: economics, political sciences, psychology, sociology and law. The authors of the texts - specializing in the history of their disciplines - write about the process of their development on the academic level and about the changes they have been subjected within the University. The most important research currents, as well as the most distinguished representatives of the disciplines and their achievements are also reported.
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