We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
One always searches for some symbolic point from which one can claim that something ended and something else began, even though there are no beginnings and no endings.
More...
In a world subject to constant change and reconfiguring, societies, previously understood as mono-cultural, have incontestably been refashioned multicultural. The permeability of frontiers made individuals realize that, as denizens of the world, rather than citizens of a country, we live in and through the cultural encounter. Survival is about learning to live at the border, or rather across the borders, where the essential skill is to sense and value diversity and thus cherish the cultural dialogue. Fiction in dialogue with other art forms; fiction as an act of resistance; fiction across cultural borders; cultures in contact; the cultural clash; identity and the cultural and linguistic conflict and dialogue; migration and its linguistic challenges have offered the authors the chance to meet and exchange ideas.
More...
Information laundering (IL) is a stratagem used by hostile actors within an information influence campaign. In this process, false or deceitful information is legitimised through a network of intermediaries that gradually apply a set of techniques to distort it and obscure the original source. In the context of this research, IL is leveraged by Kremlin-official or pro-Kremlin actors in a hostile information influence campaign (HIIC) to further their interests in Germany. Information Laundering represents a relatively new approach to information influence activities targeting a particular media environment. In the context of this report, IL research allows governments, national institutions and civil society to reach a deeper understanding of the activity of domestic and transnational networks that enable the spread of the Kremlin’s influence in a particular country, since it uncovers how actors gradually distort, disseminate, and legitimise a piece of information through the application of IL techniques.
More...
Informationswäsche (IL, engl. Information Laundering) ist ein Strategem, das von Akteuren mit feindlichen Absichten bei Kampagnen zur Informationsbeeinflussung eingesetzt wird. Die Bezeichnung leitet sich vom Begriff der Geldwäsche ab und weitet die Metapher auf Nachrichten aus. Das bedeutet, ein Netzwerk von Vermittlern legitimiert falsche oder trügerische Informationen. Dafür wird schrittweise eine Reihe an Methoden eingesetzt, um die Informationen zu verdrehen und die ursprüngliche Quelle zu verschleiern. Der Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit liegt auf Informationswäsche, die von kremlfreundlichen oder offiziellen Akteuren des Kreml ausgeht. Im Zuge aggressiver Kampagnen zur Informationsbeeinflussung sollen die eigenen Interessen in Deutschland vorangebracht werden. Informationswäsche ist ein relativ neuer Ansatz bei Maßnahmen zur Informationsbeeinflussung, die auf eine bestimmte Medienlandschaft abzielen. Diese Arbeit deckt auf, wie Akteure mithilfe von Methoden der Informationswäsche nach und nach Informationen verdrehen, verbreiten und legitimieren. Dadurch können Regierungen, staatliche Institutionen und die Zivilgesellschaft besser verstehen, welche Aktionen heimischer und transnationaler Netzwerke zur Ausweitung des Einflusses des Kreml in einem bestimmten Land beitragen.
More...
Eastern Asia — which we will define as including East and Southeast Asia — is a region of increasing geopolitical competition with many racial, cultural and societal fractures. With the rapid expansion of inexpensive internet access, these fractures and tensions mean that many states in the region are both vulnerable to, and a source of, hostile information activities that are being used to achieve strategic goals both inside and outside the region. This report documents examples of hostile information activities that have originated in Eastern Asia and have been targeted in the following countries: • Taiwan; • The Hong Kong-based protest movement; • West Papua; • The Philippines.
More...
The penetration of external information influence in a domestic media ecosystem is largely enabled by the interactions between foreign and domestic actors. The term ‘Information Laundering’ describes how these actors manipulate and amplify manipulated information in a particular media environment and the techniques utilised for such purposes. This report evaluates to what extent Kremlin-official and pro-Kremlin actors leverage Information Laundering techniques to conduct influence campaigns in the Nordic-Baltic countries and examines the role that domestic and foreign actors play in enabling these campaigns to reach target audiences. For this purpose, the NATO Strategic Communications Centre of Excellence developed a theoretical model of Information Laundering presented in this study. The model was applied to a comparative analysis of 32 Information Laundering cases, linked to the activity of 570 single actors in the eight Nordic-Baltic countries. Through researching Information Laundering in the region, this report aims to support national institutions in their goal to build resilience against hostile information influence operations.
More...
This is the second volume issued in the framework of the project ‘Russia’s (Dis-)Information Campaigns in Nordic-Baltic Countries’. This project was initiated in 2016 as an ongoing effort to monitor and analyse Russia’s (dis-)information influence in the Nordic-Baltic region, which includes Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway and Sweden (the NB8). The first volume was published in January 2018.
More...
In the essay, Polish intelligents were treated as network nodes that as signs in the social system appeared walking, standing and sitting. This symbolic view of their role indicates their importance in giving meaning to Polish national space.
More...
In Russia Adam Mickiewicz quickly earned respect and a prominent position in the democratic literary society. Konrad Wallenrod, translated in prose by Stefan Shevyriev and published in 1828 a few months after the Polish edition immediately became very popular and by 1834 its fragments had been translated twenty times. The reception of the poem is paradoxical; in a description of the withdrawal of freezing Teutonic Knights defeated by Lithuanians the Russians saw Napoleon’s flight from Moscow. Thus, surprisingly, a picture of the same event captured in a poem about a fight for freedom has a different meaning to two nations. Therefore Konrad Wallenrod confirms Stefanowska’s thesis of “poetry dominating over truth”.
More...
The title character in Aleksander Fredro’s comedy Pan Jowialski [Mr Jovial] has been a bone of contention for scholars interpreting the work ever since its world premiere in Lwów in 1832. The paper briefly outlines the main threads in these disputes and proposes a new interpretive perspective. An analysis of Act IV, Scene 1 reveals that the allegorical picture sketched by Wiktor the painter is based on entries from Rev. Alojzy Osiński’s "Słownik mitologiczny" ["Dictionary of Mythology"] (Warszawa 1806–1812). Fredro had this book in his reference library. Transformations and modifications of dictionary expressions enable Fredro to create his own allegorical composition engaging all of the stage characters. Jowialski himself becomes this world’s central figure: “Jove”. This scene, usually shrugged off as a “stage gag”, might thus be recognised as the playwright’s instructions explaining the scheme of the whole comedy.
More...
The title’s “no biography” points directly to the aim of the paper, namely an interpretation of Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s Tatarak [Calamus] that suspends the biographical context. This particular work in the writer’s oeuvre seems to require such a construal. When read – most often – as a text that is autobiographical or contains evident references to the writer’s biography, it loses its uniqueness. It thus becomes little more than an excuse for increasingly bold comparisons between the feelings of the protagonist, Marta, and the passion felt by Iwaszkiewicz himself from his infatuation with a much younger man. Meanwhile, the artistic magnitude of this short story by no means lies in any biographical context, but in the system of meanings it creates and utilises. Starting from the composition (including a story-within-a-story structure), through the portrayal of the characters, all the way to the significance of the title’s sweet-flag plant.
More...
Nowadays, the frustration and fear caused by COVID-19 leads to aggressive manifestations in all areas. Perhaps even more common in healthcare institutions. However, often not only the fear of this virus, but inadequate communication from healthcare workers leads to aggressive actions. Patients respond in a variety of ways to a sudden change in health or functioning. While some of them are open and grateful for care, others may express strong emotions. Some emotions expressed by patients are more difficult for health care personal to deal with. Common difficult interactions include patient expressions of emotions such as anger, anxiety, and depression, as responses to crises. These emotions could cause violent actions in healthcare institutions. The paper presents communication methods and strategies used in health care and looks for answers such as why verbal and non-verbal communication mistakes can cause physical, and verbal aggression or conflict. It examines which communication method is more useful in dealing with conflict situations occurring in patient-doctor, nurse-patient interactions in health care. The article recommends types of communication. It highlights the importance of empathy since without it the conflict cannot be solved or it can only temporarily. The article also emphasizes that it would therefore be important to train staff in appropriate communication trainings as well as to practice these lessons in situational exercises.
More...
Entertainment is a particular area of public communication, due to the aesthetic component of the messages. Artistic expression is primarily about emotionality, not rationality, and the originality of creation gives artistic value. Entertainment nowadays tends to contaminate the other functions of communication, namely information and persuasion. In contemporary society, the production of entertainment is industrialized. Contemporary culture is dominated by entertainment industry, especially in the fields of publishing, music, film and games. In this article, we shall summarize the content and specifics of entertainment as premises of the creative industries’ social impact.
More...
New technologies bring with them new rules of communication. The essence of social networks is in mutual connection and exchange of information. Since Facebook implemented the "like" button on February 2, 2009, it has been used more than 1.3 trillion times and the number is increasing every day. Liking is an interactive communication that takes place with message, intention and action. By actively communicating with another person, by liking them, they are notified that their photo, status or post has been noticed. Liking shows the attitude of the liker towards the owner of the post. Facebook likes can be explained as the result of individuals' identification, empathy, and practicality with the content. People like other people's posts to confirm that they like something; to say something about themselves; to express virtual empathy or get something in return when the content liking audience is associated with a specific brand. It is important that liking the shared content is compelling and convinces the audience that there is a benefit (personal, intimate or business) from the author of the post. Despite the fact that liking provides information about self-disclosure and people can recognize each other, liking can also be used as a component of manipulation. In business, for example, when a partner's page is liked, while at the same time behind-the-scenes activities take place, or when likes are generated to represent the "greatness" of the product. The purpose of the author's research is to find out why other people's posts are liked in online platforms and why likes are also used for manipulation. The results of this research will certainly help to better understand human nature
More...
Project communications management is a series of processes required to plan, generate, collect, distribute, store, retrieve, manage, control, monitor and ultimately dispose of project information in a timely and appropriate manner. Communication is considered one of the most important skills a project manager should possess. Project managers spend almost all the time during the project communicating. Communication management is the process of overseeing information transfer in all directions (up, down, horizontal or diagonal), which can be formal or informal. The implementation of the project depends directly on the project manager and his competence in communication management. Researchers claim that "effective communication creates a bridge between the different stakeholders involved in the project, bridging different cultural and organizational environments, different levels of expertise, and different perspectives and interests in the project's implementation or outcome". Effective project communications implies that the right information is transformed to the right addressee, appearing most cost-effectively at the right time. These prerequisites are imperative for the success of the project. Effective project communications mean the execution (transmission, reception, decoding, understanding) of the necessary information. On the other hand, project communication is understood as the exchange of information with the aim of building coherence between project stakeholders. The term "project communication" refers to all aspects of communication in a project: both external and internal communication, written, oral and interpersonal, planned and unregulated.
More...
The communication environment not only in Bulgaria but all over the world is being transformed and undergoing dynamic changes. To a large extent, the loss of trust in the media is related to the commercialization and retreat from the public functions of journalism, with the often occurring willful transgression of quality journalism in PR and in mass culture. There are several interrelated processes - an obvious retreat from the role of a corrective and independent institution, the transformation of the media into sellers of image and influence, filtering and manipulating information, abuse of media influence, substitution in the selection of topics and accents, one-sided viewpoints and conjunctural influences.
More...
At the beginning of the 21st century, the academic development of educational institutions especially universities faced many social challenges, and structural and educational transformations. Higher education institutions are undergoing radical transformations driven by the need to digitize education and training processes. The university system strives to overcome this situation to be competitive and continue to provide high-quality education in the context of digital transformation and technological innovation. In general, journalism and communication education is oriented towards teaching specific knowledge and skills, combined with practical training, very important for students‘ realization.
More...
Příspěvek se zabývá pracovními listy určenými žákům 9. ročníků, které propojují nenásilnou komunikaci a tři oblasti výuky českého jazyka a literatury – komunikační a slohovou výchovu, literární výchovu a jazykovou výchovu. Krátce shrnuje poznatky o nenásilné komunikaci a jejích zakladatelích. Přináší pohled na výsledky pilotního testování zmíněných pracovních listů v praxi.
More...
Undoubtedly, book publishing has established itself as a serious academic discipline, it did not remain just a postgraduate, practical, professional training. The reasons are clear - the responsibilities and challenges facing the profession are growing, and better education is required to practice it. People involved in the profession are charged with responsibilities to readers and especially to young audiences. For 25 years now, book publishing education and the trained professionals of the FJMC have brought a higher professional culture to Bulgarian book publishing.
More...
