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Sowjetunion - Leugne deinen Vater, und du kommst frei

Author(s): Zbigniew Marcin Kowalewski / Language(s): German Issue: 24/1986

Dieser Beitrag ist ein Auszug auf einem Artikel, der uns, ebenso wie anderen linken Publikationen in Europa und Nordamerika, von Zbigniew M. Kowalewski zur Verfügung gestellt wurde. Kowalewski, ein ehemaliger Solidarnosc-Führer aus Lodz, lebt heute in Frankreich im Exil. Er veröffentlichte ein Buch über die Lohnkämpfe der freien polnischen Gewerkschaftsbewegung für Selbstverwaltung, „Rendez-nous nos usines!“, La Breche, Paris 1985.

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Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): German Issue: 22/1985

Review of: Predrag Vranicki: Marxismus und Sozialismus, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt 1985, 457 Seiten, öS 374.-/ DM 48.- Franz Loeser: Die unglaubwürdige Gesellschaft. Quo vadis, DDR? Bund-Verlag, Köln 1984, 236 Seiten, öS 187.20/DM 24.- Norbert Roperts (Hg.): Osteuropa. Ein Reisebuch in den Alltag, roro 7521, Reinbek 1975, 460 Seiten, öS 154.50/DM 19.80 Marlies Menge: Die Sachsen - Das Staatsvolk der DDR. Mit 30 Fotos von Rudi Meisel, Piper Verlag, München 1985, 118 Seiten Rudolf Stamm: Alltag und Tradition in Osteuropa. Sozialismus mit und ohne Augenzwinkern, Verlag Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Zürich 1985, 175 Seiten Tatjana Goritschewa: Die Kraft christlicher Torheit. Meine Erfahrungen, Verlag Herder, Freiburg 1985, 125 Seiten, öS 123.40/DM 15.80 Rudolf Bohren: Ich möchte Mauern durchschreiten, Verlag Herder, Freiburg 1985, 123 Seiten. öS 61.60/DM 7.90 Johannes Harder (Hg.): Lebensweisheit des russischen Volkes, Verlag Herder, Freiburg 1985, 127 Seiten, öS 61.60/DM 7.90 Wolfgang Höpken: Sozialismus und Pluralismus in Jugoslawien. Entwicklung und Demokratiepolitik des Selbstverwaltungssystems. R. Oldenbourg Verlag, München 1984, 439 Seiten, öS 374.40/DM 48.-

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Albanien - Über die Zukunft des albanischen Sozialismus

Author(s): Arshi Pipa / Language(s): German Issue: 21/1985

Es gab Spekulationen darüber, ob sich die Situation in Albanien nach Enver Hoxhas Tod ändern würde. Da Albanien die letzte Bastion des Stalinismus in Europa ist, ergibt sich die Frage, ob das Land von jenem strengen orthodoxen Stalinismus abgehen wird, der im Augenblick noch charakteristisch ist.

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Ungarn - Keine Qual mit der Wahl

Author(s): László Rajk / Language(s): German Issue: 20/1985

An interview with László Rajk

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Ungarn - Der ungarische Weg

Author(s): Bill Lomax / Language(s): German Issue: 20/1985

An interview with Bill Lomax

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Jugoslawien - ..Praxis“ — Denken der Revolution

Author(s): Gajo Petrović / Language(s): German Issue: 20/1985

An interview with Gajo Petrović

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Tschechoslowakei - »In deinen Kopf kann niemand hineinsehen«

Author(s): Jaroslav Suk / Language(s): German Issue: 13/1983

Was geht in den Köpfen der herrschenden Bürokraten vor? Warum handeln Sie so und nicht anders? Gibt es eine Typologie, in die sie — nach dem Motto »Die guten ins Töpfchen, die schlechten an die Macht« — einordenbar sind? Diese Fragen versucht Jaroslav Suk im folgenden Beitrag zu beantworten. Suk war 1968 aktives Mitglied der »Bewegung der revolutionären Jugend« [vgl. gegenstimmen 7 182], wofür er zwei Jahre im Gefängnis saß. Später gehörte er zu den Mitinitiatoren der Charta 77 und des VONS. Unausgesetzte Schikanen und Drohungen gegen ihn und seine Familie zwangen ihn zur Emigration. Seit April 1981 lebt er in Uppsala im schwedischen Exil.

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Author(s): Nikos Chilas,Rainer Bauböck / Language(s): German Issue: 13/1983

Review of: Veljko Micunovic: Moskauer Tagebücher 1956-1958. Herausgegeben und eingeleitet von Wolfgang Höpken. Klett Cotta, Stuttgart 1982, 550 Seiten, öS 523.-/DM 69.- Janusz Głowacki: Ich kann nicht klagen. Unionsverlag, Zürich 1983, 153 Seiten, öS 188.50/DM 24.80 Reinhard Henkys (Hg.): Die evangelischen Kirchen in der DDR. Beiträge zu einer Bestandsaufnahme. Chr. Kaiser Verlag, München 1982, 483 Seiten, öS 243.20/DM 32.- Rainer Bauböck - W. Brus/P. Kende/ Z. Młynar: »Normalisierungsprozesse « Im sowjetisierten Mitteleuropa. Ungarn, Tschechoslowakei, Polen. Forschungsprojekt Krisen in den Systemen sowjetischen Typs, Studie Nr. 1, 56 Seiten, 1983. Bestellungen an: Dr. Zdenek Młynar, Porschestraße 21-23/25, A-1232 Wien Nikos Chilas - Georg Brunner (Hg): Ausgewählte Beiträge zum 2. Weltkongreß für Sowjets und Osteuropastudien. Berlin Verlag 1982. Band I: Grundrechte und Rechtssicherheit im sowjetischen Machtbereich. 139 Seiten, öS 182.40/DM 24.-. Band II: Politische Kultur, Nationalitäten und Dissidenten in der Sowjetunion. 157 Seiten, öS 182.40/DM 24.- Jiri Grusa (Hg): Verfemte Dichter. Eine Anthologie aus der CSSR. Bund-Verlag, Köln 1983, 189 Seiten, öS 212.80/DM 28.- F. Golczewski/W. Reschka: Gegenwartsgesellschaften. Polen. B.G. Teubner, Studienskripten, Stuttgart 1982, 386 Seiten Walter Feichtner/Bernhard Seyr: Sowjetunion. Band 1: Geschichte, Geographie und Wirtschaft. C.H.Beck, München 1981, 208 Seiten, öS 150.50/ DM 19.80 Walter Feichtner/Bernhard Seyr: Sowjetunion. Band 2: Staat, Gesellschaft und Kultur. C.H.Beck, München 1982, 192 Seiten, öS 167.20/DM 22.-

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The Contemporary Challenges of Measuring Political Participation

Author(s): Yerkebulan Sairambay / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The multifaceted nature of political participation has led to various ways of measuring it. This, in turn, has led to conflicting outcomes (even when applied to the same problem) in the research field. What are the contemporary challenges of measuring political participation? The main objective of this paper is to identify current challenges of measuring political participation that are common in the existing literature and empirical findings. This review paper examines different methods of measuring both online and offline political participation and shows current problems that are crucial to deal with methodological challenges in the emerging era of Web 3.0. Drawing from a careful analysis of 86 published (2012–2019) empirical research on new media and political participation, the present study finds that self-reported measures, different question-wordings, misuse of Likert scales and time frames, and the lack of clear concept of political participation are current problems of measuring political participation. In so doing, it contributes to research on political participation (1) attempting to gather various measurements and their common problems as well as (2) urging the importance of these challenges.

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CASE STUDY OF RURAL ECUADORIAN REGION AND THE COMPARISON BETWEEN HUNGARIAN RURAL SECTOR

Author(s): Maria LOURDES ORDONEZ,Pető Károly / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2021

The review article aims to know the reality of the rural sector of one of the essential productive territories of Ecuador. Manabi province is in the center of the country's coastal area on the most relevant part of the South American continent over the Pacific Ocean. It is in a strategic position for trade and agro productive activities. The document will analyze the three dimensions (social, ecological, and economic) in which the rural development of the territories is focused and compare the region described with the Hungarian rural economy. Additionally, it will identify some similarities and differences in the rural sector, particularly the strong relationship between the agricultural activities and the situation of the farmers in this context. This case study serves as an instrument of analysis of a settlement within which rural development works at a general level. Also, it will contemplate a series of statistical information that evidence the territorial reality of the regions that can determine future sustainable rural development strategies.

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Do not Just Blame the Gun: The Midwestern Insight into the Relationship between Gun Laws and Firearm Mortality

Author(s): Martin Zilvar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Gun violence has been a prevalent phenomenon in the United States for decades. The article investigates the extent to which the reality in the Midwestern states reflects empirical assumptions regarding the impact of gun laws on firearm mortality rates. It proceeds according to a coherent framework constructed from synthesized scholarly findings. Based on the conducted comparative analysis of five Midwestern states, selected according to the Most Similar Systems Design (MSSD) approach, the findings indicate that while firearm suicides operated as predicted, firearm homicides failed the empirical assumptions as the state with the most robust gun laws fell remarkably behind others. The article concludes that implementing alternative measures addressing the availability of guns and development programs in disadvantaged communities, alongside traditional gun laws, may help decrease firearm homicides in American states.

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THE DANUBE’S POLITICAL HISTORY. CONTEMPORARY OPPORTUNITIES

Author(s): Antonia Colibasanu / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2023

Every historical epoch provides valuable insights into how we might utilize the Danube River as a means of connecting and integrating different parts of Europe. By examining the historical evolution of the Danube, from a socio-political perspective, this article looks at the ways the river may be used for projecting power in the riparian countries that the Danube traverses. Investigating the way regional powers have used the Danube during World War I, World War II and the Cold War allows us to consider a strategy for developing the river into a defense and economic platform that ensures stability for the region. The conclusions focus on the opportunities set forth by the contemporary war in Ukraine for growing the Danube’s political power and drawing a strategy that contributes to European stability.

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FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND FINANCIAL RESILIENCE: CASE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES

Author(s): Semia Rachid / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2011

During the last financial crises, foreign direct investment have shown an important financial resilience comparatively to other category of capital flows, in particular, foreign portfolio flows. For this reason the object of this study is to verify if foreign direct investment favours financial stability in the Mediterranean countries which know not only a great political and geography diversity, but also a different financial development of their financial systems. Evaluated by crisis indicators extracted from the economic literature, financial instability in the Mediterranean countries was clear from the existence of exchange market pressure and of the vulnerability of their banking systems. Moreover, the conduct of a descriptive analysis of the relation between foreign direct investment in its different dimensions (stability versus volatility, the degree of substitution to indebtedness) and the crisis index reveals that financial stability is largely favoured by an important stability of foreign direct investment and by its important replacement effect. This result is greatly confirmed by econometric analysis thinks to the estimation of a pooled panel data on a sample of Mediterranean countries in the period (1990-2006).

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EUROPE AND RUSSIA: A NECESSARY COOPERATION

Author(s): Răzvan Hagimă,Delia Vasilica Rotaru / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2014

This paper offers an overview of the cooperation between the European Union and Russia in the energy sector. The European Union has been dependent on the imports of gas from Russia and has been looking to find alternative resources being conscious that a conflict with Russia would lead to disastrous effects if the country would stop supplying gas to Europe. The article also offers a point of view for the major pipeline projects that involve Russia and the EU and that would influence their cooperation such as South Stream, Nabucco and Trans-Adriatic.

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THE FINANCIAL CRISIS RESPONSE. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN EUROPEAN UNION AND USA

Author(s): FLORENTINA MELNIC / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2017

This paper reviews the measures adopted by central banks from the most important economies during the crisis and assess their effectiveness. It is important for policy makers to identify which measures were effective in limiting the financial system distress in order to adopt the appropiate measure during future crisis. In case of US, TARP was the most important program for banking system and it was effective in reducing banks’ contribution to systemic risk and banks’ default probabilities. But TARP also conducted to a reduction in loans growth and create incentives for higher risk-taking behavior. The unconventional monetary policies adopted by ECB during the period 2008- 2016 reduced the impact of the crisis on the European economy and achieved their objectives: to support banks’ funding and to increase lending to real economy (LTROs), to calm tensions from bond markets (CBPP, SMP, OMT), to support economic activity and to stabilize inflation rate (SMP, OMT, LTROs, APP).

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RESILIENCE, SOCIETAL SECURITY AND THE INTANGIBLE ASPECTS OF WAR. UKRAINE'S LESSONS LEARNED

Author(s): Iulian Chifu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Explaining the achievements on the ground during war times, in the full-scale, high-intensity and long-term war of aggression launched by Russia in Ukraine has led us to studying the conundrum formed by resilience, societal security and the intangibles of war. The layered resilience that NATO has embraced as concept is not enough. The difference between success and failure in the Russian war and did it – the of aggression in Ukraine has come from the intangibles of the war, difficult to put under nominal indicators, but more suitable to be evaluated under qualitative criteria. That has made the difference between the effectiveness of both parties in war, together with Ukraine’s societal resilience that includes both the basic indicators of societal security and an important part of the intangibles of war. We are very much aware, at the same time, that numbers do matter, and that weapons, manpower and will to fight have no alternative to grant support for any long- term war.

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ASSESSING ECONOMIC RESILIENCE IN NATO COUNTRIES: A COMPREHENSIVE DEFENCE PERSPECTIVE

Author(s): Maria Constantinescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Economic resilience, considered in this paper as the ability to withstand and recover from economic shocks and disruptions, has become a linchpin of ensuring national security and stability. As demonstrated by conflicts such as the one in Ukraine, where economic sanctions were deployed to diminish an adversary’s capacity to sustain its war efforts, it has become evident that military power alone is insufficient in today’s complex security landscape. A comprehensive approach to defence must incorporate economic considerations, as the economic well-being of a nation is intrinsically linked to its overall security. The main research objectives of this paper are to investigate the concept of economic resilience, from the perspective of the concept of comprehensive defence and the ways it is interconnected with other resilience domains, through the development of an economic resilience index outlining the relative economic resilience of the 29 European countries that are NATO members and to propose a methodology for identifying the main factors that influence the economic resilience from a comprehensive defence point of view.

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THE POST-BREXIT EUROPEAN UNION. WHAT ARE OUR GEOPOLITICAL PERSPECTIVES? (I)

Author(s): Pierre Verluise / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2017

Has the time of “European deconstruction” and disappearance of the European Union come? After six decades of European construction and seven successive enlargements, the consultative referendum of 23 June 2016 concerning the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union sees a breaking point. How does this event fit into the profound forces already at work in favour of the relative disappearance of the European Union, the effects of which could still be considerably accentuated by a “Brexit” that has already become effective?

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WHY IT IS WORTH PERMANENTLY AND CAREFULLY REREADING SERGEY G. GORSHKOV

Author(s): Florin Diaconu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2012

The study explores the perennial character of some of the ideas present in the works of Admiral S. G. Gorshkov, who was, for many years, Commander in-Chief of the Soviet Navy. In order to accomplish such an academic goal, the author briefly lists and comments some of the ideas of the Soviet Admiral, and later on analyses the main events and trends of the evolution of the naval forces of the Russian Federation in the past (2007-2012). The final conclusion is that Gorshkov’s main aim, that of eroding US global hegemony by actively boosting the presence of the Russian Navy almost anywhere in the World Ocean, is nowadays an increasingly important priority for the leaders in the Kremlin.

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CONTINUOUS WARFARE - POLITICAL-DIPLOMATIC CONFRONTATION (III)

Author(s): Mihail Orzeaţă / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2011

Nations, states, communities, organisations and groups of individuals have their own interests, represented through adequate policies. In totalitarian regimes, policy is directly subordinated to a single’s person will. There are no permanent friends in politics, but permanent interests many experts and policymakers think and say that – and that is why alliances are so flexible. Considering the internal and external circumstances of the security environment, policy evolves between democracy and dictatorship. Policy and diplomacy cannot be dissociated. They act together in accordance with national or alliance interests.

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