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The aim of the article is to analyze the patterns of social practices of women and men in the Polish migratory religious organizations of the Roman Catholic Church, i.e. Polish Catholic Missions (PCM) in England, Belgium and Sweden. We consider them as isomorphic, i.e. dependent on the social environment and prone to changes stemming from the context in which they function. PCMs function in migrant societies and fulfil religious, social and cultural functions for Poles. Using qualitative methodology of content analysis of individual and collective in-depth interviews conducted with 96 people – lay, consecrated, and ordained men and women, active in PCM structures – we reconstruct the three main gender patterns (re)produced in social practices within these organizations. Among them, we recognize traditional patterns of femininity and masculinity, which are essentialistic and homogeneous within the dichotomous division. We also distinguish practices of emancipating femininity, paying particular attention to the role of the organizational environment of the host country of migrants in the production of egalitarian gender patterns. Finally, we point to the practices of religious men, which we call retraditionalization, directed at the restitution of hegemonic masculinity.
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This article presents opinions on „The Rosary to the Borders” published in the online space on the social networking site Facebook. This event gathering people praying rosary along the borders of Poland on 7th of October 2017, has been named the biggest prayer event in Europe and gained both supporters and opponents. Based on selection of „reviews” posted in the online space by Facebook users, approved and criticized oppinions and the reports on participation in the event were highlighted. This paper contains a reflection on Facebook as a field research and the connection between community concept and the form of prayer initiative. An application of analysis using metods of Critical Discourse Analysis and netnography allowed to show the way in which the dispute over „The Rosary to the Borders” became a multidimensional debate on the connetion of national identity and religiosity in Poland. This article summarizes the research carried out as a part of the „Politics on the Internet” course conducted at Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology of University of Warsaw by prof. Anna Malewska-Szałygin.
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Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą praktycznego wykorzystania koncepcji ucieleśnienia (embodiment) w badaniu kultury religijnej rosyjskich staroobrzędowców zamieszkujących ukraińską część historycznego Budziaku (obwód odeski). Analizowany materiał zebrałem, uczestnicząc w projekcie badawczym „Religie i narody ukraińskiego Budziaku. Staroobrzędowcy nad Dunajem”1 . W czasie czterech, około półtoratygodniowych wyjazdów terenowych prowadziłem badania w dwóch staroobrzędowych parafi ach. Inspiracją do przyjęcia zaproponowanej tu perspektywy teoretycznej był mój udział w seminariach organizowanych przez zespół badawczy Centrum Badań Antropologicznych nad Prawosławiem , gdzie często dyskutowano nad postulatem przekraczania Kartezjańskiego dualizmu ciało – umysł w badaniach nad religijnością. Mam nadzieję, że moja analiza wpisze się w podejmowaną tam problematykę i stanie się odpowiedzią na wyzwanie rzucone przez przedstawicielki Centrum, które w opublikowanym niedawno na łamach „Ludu” artykule poruszyły problem niedoreprezentowania prawosławia w badaniach antropologicznych i nieadekwatności pojęć analitycznych wykształconych pod wpływem teologii protestanckiej (Lubańska, Ładykowska 2013).
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Artykuł jest próbą analizy zjawiska kultu świętego Huberta w Polsce, z wykorzystaniem koncepcji tradycji wynalezionej. Ukazuję, jak za pomocą jej narzędzi tworzy się przekonanie o wielosetletniej, nieprzerwanej historii tego kultu, a także o jego znaczeniu w polskiej tradycji łowieckiej, leśnej, a nawet regionalnej. Staram się wykazać, że zjawisko to powinno być postrzegane jako nowe, gdyż nie może być mowy o kontynuacji i ciągłości jego średniowiecznych, renesansowych lub siedemnastowiecznych form. Celem opracowania jest prześledzenie historii kultu św. Huberta wśród polskich myśliwych i leśników, jego charakterystyka oraz naświetlenie przełomowych zmian, które pozwalają na potraktowanie go jako tradycji wynalezionej.
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From the 16th century onward, ordos, later referred to as directoria, began to be developed in the Archdiocese of Gniezno for liturgical and pastoral purposes. The oldest known publication dates back to 1532 and is connected with the rule of Archbishop Maciej Drzewicki. In the following centuries, the ordos evolved. In the 18th century, they started to come with annuals. Initially, an annual consisted only of a list of canons of the Metropolitan Chapter in Gniezno and a list of priests deceased in the year preceding the printing of the given rubric. From the 19th century onward, the annuals were developed and extended so much that they became an important compendium of knowledge on the ecclesial situation of the Archdiocese of Gniezno at that time. In 1929, the publication was divided into two parts – a liturgical calendar and a diocesan annual. This state of affairs has continued to this day. As these publications cover administrative information, in addition to liturgical and pastoral contents, they have become a primary historical source over time.
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The article present views of abbé Pluche whose books were very popular in 18th century France. In his Spectacle of nature and The history of the heavens he wanted to stir in his readers an interest in the world around them. Nature is a book written by God, the creator of this nature, and by reading it properly, people can see the providential care of God. To combat atomism and randomness, Pluche introduced in his physics many elementary substances as foundational elements, of which particularly important was light. Pluche devoted considerable attention to the problem of the origin of religion and religious rites. For Pluche, monotheism was the original religious faith and idolatry was a later religious development which was basically a perversion of monotheism.
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This article concerns Msgr. Antoni Henryk Szuman, who leads the second group of martyrs from the diocese of Pelplin in the current beatification process. It attempts to sketch his activity as a Franciscan tertiary, which until now remains the least well-know element of his life. The article starts with a general picture of Polish Franciscan tertiaries and their activities and proceeds to an analysis of functions and works of Szuman in the Third Ordere.
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This paper analyzes and systematically examines the teaching of the Apostle Paul on man. In the first part of the study the influence of Jewish and ancient Greek anthropological teaching on the thought of the Apostle Paul is examined. The aim of this examination is to point out, on the one hand, that Paul’s teaching is primarily based on the Old Testament anthropology, while on the other hand, that it contains anthropological formulations which point to their Hellenistic origin. The second part deals with the most important anthropological terms: spirit (πνεῦμα), soul (ψυχή), body (σάρξ/σῶμα), mind (νοῦς), and heart (καρδία). By the investigation of these terms and concepts behind them it is concluded that in the Pauline anthropological thought man is neither spirit, nor soul, nor body, but a complete being, a psychosomatic one, composed of both soul and body together.
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The aim of this paper is to show the extent to which the discourse in the inaugural sermons of the newly elected Serbian Patriarchs contains religious and ideological elements, as well as the reflection of the social and political circumstances of the time they were created in. The corpus are all seven sermons of the heads of the Serbian Orthodox Church since the re-establishment of the Patriarchate of Peć in 1920. The research covers the analysis of the citations in the authorial texts. The analysis has shown certain similarities as well as the differences in the structure of the speeches. All the sermons contain the so-called topos of modesty as a suitable way to address people in such occasions.
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Article devoted to the countess Irena Tyszkiewicz (1887–1964) – founder and creator of the Library of Religious Knowledge in Warsaw – private library functioned in the outbuilding of the palace belonging to her family at 6 Litewska Street in Warsaw. She collected about 20 thousand books, including 3 thousand books for children. The library were used also as a place for discussion meetings by the most important Catholic intellectuals of the interwar period in Poland. Library was opened between 1919 and 1939 and later operated underground until 1944, when was destroyed by the Germans. After the Second War library was renovated in 1956 also by Irena Tyszkiewicz (then she was already sister Maria Józef Franciszka in the Congregation of the Franciscan Sisters Servants of the Cross) and began operating as the Primate’s Library of Religious Knowledge. This library, still operating in the Monastery belonging to the Congregation of the Franciscan Sisters Servants of the Cross at 9/11 Piwna Street in Warsaw, has become a model for other religious libraries created in many cities in Poland. In the years 1919–1939, Irena Tyszkiewicz was also involved in the activities of the Society for the Care of the Blind founded by Mother Elżbieta Czacka and other related institutions. Among others, she was a co-founder of a bookshop and the „Verbum” Publishing House. In this article to trace her life archival materials collected in the archives of the Franciscan Sisters Servants of the Cross (AFSK), Father Władysław Korniłowicz (AWK) and Mother Elżbieta Czacka (AMCz) were used.
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The article presents various forms of the activity performed by the Intercollegiate Institute of Church Music in Cracow over the span of 10 years (2008–2018) with regard to scientific-and-didactic and to artistic aspects. The scientific-and-didactic performance is mainly the result of the activities regulated with a teaching curriculum, of scientific conferences and symposia, the outcome of the journal “Pro Musica Sacra”, devoted to church music, as well as of the activity of the Student Research Club, BA and MA theses be the effect of scientific seminars, and of post-graduate studies of liturgical monody. The artistic activity of the institute is best manifested through concerts, master courses and music workshops, through diploma organ recitals and liturgical diploma performances, CD recordings and music-related publications. The author of the article emphasizes that the major educational aim of all the educational, artistic and formative activities of the institute is to prepare competent and professional musicians who will undertake the jobs at various pastoral institutions of the church. And it is them on whom the music of the liturgical rituals shall represent a required standard, dignity and a desired form. The article concludes with the account of a tremendously important event for the history of the Institute, namely conferring upon the pope emeritus Benedict XVI the honoris causa doctorate by the John Paul II University and the Music Academy in Cracow in 2015.
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The position of a pipe organ in the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church has been precisely clarified nowadays. Its major role is to support singing of the faithful, accompany choral bands and to perform solo music conformed with the character of a given feast or celebration. The instruction Musicam sacram of 1957 most clearly specifies when and on what occasions the organ ought to be used during liturgy and when its involvement is undesirable. These regulations appertain as well to organist’s service, defining its crucial role in building the community of the faithful. The instruction Musicam sacram, issued 50 years ago, is not only a document of historical value. It has also become a launch pad for many subsequent documents regarding the church music. What is more, many specifications included in Musicam sacram are still relevant today. Recounting and analyzing some of its directions referring to the organ and organ playing allowed the author of this study to conclude that: “Nowadays, the liturgy still cannot cope without the organ and the organ cannot cope without liturgy. The dictum of Musicam sacram is clear, so is its mens (the so called «spirit»). As always, it is the hearts of people who are supposed to implement these regulations and who need repentance”.
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The article concerns the theological interpretation of a musical work. The subject of considerations is the work of Henryk Mikołaj Górecki titled Beatus vir (1978), dedicated to Pope John Paul II. The work is based on the poetry of selected psalms and is to commemorate the martyr’s death of the Krakow bishop Saint Stanislaus. The composer uses the musical language to transmit and intensify the content present in the text. Both the words of psalms and music can be interpreted in the theological context. It is a figure of the Blessed Husband, understood both as a figure of Saint Stanisław and the Polish Pope. The theological sense of the work is interpreted by reference to the theology of Joseph Ratzinger and shows the complementary cooperation of the language of music and theology.
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The author describes the inspiration for and background to the creation of the Concerto for viola and string orchestra. It elaborates the sphere of the composer’s inspiration: the religious period of Advent (rorate mass and its song Rorate caeli desuper) with the accompanying reflection on the symbolism of luminosity and darkness. The basic idea of sound in the concerto for viola and string orchestra was inspired by a musical quotation from the initial motif of the rorate song Rorate caeli desuper. The opening tunes of the song became the foundation for the development and shaping of the sound material in the subsequent movements of the viola concerto. The musical architecture and dramatic content of the entire piece rests on the aforementioned quote, which integrates the particular movements in accordance with the concept of unity in diversity understood as coherent input sound material whose narration is enriched by being presented in various sound contexts.
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W dniach 17–22 listopada 2017 roku odbyły się XIII Dni Muzyki Kościelnej Archidiecezji Krakowskiej. Honorowym patronem dorocznego festiwalu był metropolita krakowski arcybiskup Marek Jędraszewski, zaś wśród organizatorów znaleźli się: Archidiecezjalna Komisja Muzyki Kościelnej w Krakowie, Międzyuczelniany Instytut Muzyki Kościelnej w Krakowie, Akademia Muzyczna w Krakowie, Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie, Archidiecezjalna Szkoła Muzyczna I i II stopnia w Krakowie, Państwowa Ogólnokształcąca Szkoła Muzyczna II stopnia w Krakowie, Centrum Edukacji Artystycznej oraz parafia Najświętszego Salwatora w Krakowie, parafia Matki Bożej Ostrobramskiej w Krakowie i parafia Świętego Jan Chrzciciela w Krakowie.
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Dyplomy licencjackie i magisterskie Międzyuczelnianego Instytutu Muzyki Kościelnej w Krakowie w roku akademickim 2017/2018 // Bachelor's and Master's diplomas of the Intercollegiate Institute of Church Music in Krakow in the 2017/2018 academic year
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The paper focuses on the changing perception of bioethics and the patient’s autonomy in Spain where paternalism and Catholic Church teachings shaped relationships between physicians and patients for many long years. The country’s political transformation following the collapse of Francisco Franco’s dictatorship (1936–1975) has also brought major changes on matters of bioethics. The growing sense of civic virtue has enhanced the importance of the patient’s autonomy in medicine. This manifests itself on several levels: in legislation (law on patient’s autonomy), in the social field (NGOs operating in medical care), in growing awareness of patients’ rights and critical approach to relations with medical professionals) as well as in ideology (criticism of paternalism, civic bioethics, disapproval of commercialization in medicine). Moreover, the specificity of the current situation in Spain is also determined by a re-evaluation of the Catholic Church’s heritage and abandonment of its teachings in civic bioethics and consequently, by liberalization of the abortion law as well as enactment of legal regulations on assisted reproduction, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis and embryo research.
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Right from the beginning of their missionary activity, the Jesuits painstakingly drafted and collected various documents. These accounts were printed in Latin or Italian, and soon translated into other languages. In Poland, in the first three decades of the 17th century, more than a dozen reports from China, Japan, Vietnam and Tibet were printed, constituting the first eye-witness accounts from these territories, not only in Poland, but in Europe at large. Polish translations offer material for various kinds of analysis. This article discusses the work of two Polish translators, members of Society of Jesus, who used different strategies depending on their intended target readership. Szymon Wysocki was interested mainly in religious aspects of the Far East missions and he got rid of most of culture-specific items as his writing was dedicated to young adepts of the Society. Fryderyk Szembek, on the other hand, paid attention also to cultural aspects of the accounts he translated. However, his attitude towards cultural otherness was less neutral than in the source texts. His translations constituted an important source of knowledge for the 17th century Polish reader. Both translators had to cope with difficulties such as proper names or culturally marked vocabulary and with the genre specifity of these texts, new to the Polish literary system. In my research I use the methodological framework of polysystem theory, Lefevere’s theory of rewriting and Pym’s concepts in the history of translation, referring also to translation sociology, theory of reportage, history of culture and history of languages.
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19 czerwca 2019 roku minęło dziesięć lat od momentu podniesienia Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej do godności uniwersytetu. Jak napisano w akcie erekcyjnym, papież Benedykt XVI uczynił to ze względu na „uczczenie pamięci swego znakomitego Poprzednika Sługi Bożego Jana Pawła II”.
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