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Market, state and business in coordinates of the new economy

Author(s): Anatoliy Kolot,Oksana Herasymenko / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

The formation of the new economy, which is replacing the industrial economy and has a multi-vector dimension1, causes deep transformations in all spheres of social existence, leads to the emergence of new forms and methods for organizing interactions between institutions that function in the area of socio-economic development. The relevance of the study is caused by the necessity of theoretical and applied substantiation of the new subjective composition and network interaction of these institutions. The scientific and practical significance of the research is to substantiate the formation and development of modern institutions and to establish a new format for their interaction within the framework of the new economy. The results of the study are aimed at identifying the latest trends in the modernization of institutes’ functions in the triad “market – state – business”. The subject of the study is the theoretical and applied principles of the social phenomenon “market – state – business”. The methodological basis for achieving this goal is systematic and interdisciplinary approaches to the study of redistribution of roles among these institutions and the improvement of their interaction in the process of ensuring sustainable development. The purpose of the research is a scientific and theoretical substantiation of the new configuration of the social phenomenon “market – state – business”. The principal position of the authors is their belief that a new interpretation should be given if not to all, but to the majority of categories and concepts that reflect the phenomena and processes occurring in the chain “market – state – business”. There is a need for a new, unorthodox, unconventional understanding of most of the phenomena and processes associated with the functioning of the leading institutions of the economy and society. The article presents the authors’ view on the contemporary role of each of the mentioned institutions, their interaction in the process of ensuring sustainable development. Particular attention is paid to the substantiation of the transformation of functions of the state and business under the current conditions. The authors demonstrate that the contemporary role and place of the leading institutions, which have to ensure sustainable development, need a new understanding.

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Правовий механізм формування інвестиційної політики держави

Author(s): V. O. Budarna / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 25/2016

The article proves that the government investment policy is a component of the national economic policy. The investment policy is an important leverage of the influence on the country economy as well as the entrepreneurial activity and its business entities. The author indicates that there is no precise system of development and carrying out an investment policy. However, imperfectness of a process of modification of the policy into certain legislative actions is the main obstacle. As a result, a problem of carrying out the government investment policy becomes significantly important. The author substantiates that the mechanism of government regulation of investment processes is a set of instruments and methods of the government influence on an investment policy of business entities. Formation of the mechanism of investment policy implementation is concerned with application of all market mechanisms for investment activity regulation.

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Трансформація ціннісних орієнтирів розвитку сучасної економіки: форми прояву, проблеми та перспективи

Author(s): Yurii K. Zaitsev / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 26/2016

The article deals with the problem of the formation and transformation of values orientations of economic systems functioning and their social institutional forms at different historical development stages – the era of industrialism, the becoming of postindustrial and information society. Specific values forms of labour motivation, benefits, problems and contradictions of values orientations of individuals and different social groups in conditions of formation of the intellectual economy and atomized society.

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Kalkınma ve Devlet Algısı: Çorum Örneği

Author(s): Sevinç Soyacak Özalp / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2017

The purpose of this study is to deal with the idea of development according to the historical stages of capitalism, and especially to explain how neoliberal ideology transformed the administrative structure and operation of the state in the process of globalization through development concept. The study seeks an answer for how they are perceived by local bureaucracy and capital in Çorum locally. For this purpose, in the first part of the study, the development concept described as a dependent variable of the historical development capitalism. In the second part, the results of the field research was included about how transformation at the state is perceived by local bureaucracy and capital in Çorum. In the last part of study the results are analysed.

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Bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne w sferze handlu w Polsce w okresie spowolnienia gospodarczego

Author(s): Urszula Kłosiewicz-Górecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18/2011

In her article, the author presents the scale and structure of investments in the sphere of trade, with a particular consideration of foreign direct investment (FDI). The analysis covers the period of 2000–2009, focusing on developments in the level and structure of investing by foreign trade enterprises in 2007–2009. There are presented the quantitative and qualitative changes, which have occurred in the retail trade owing to FDI. The grounds for the analysis were data of the Central Statistical Office (including those specially ordered) and results of the article author’s own research.

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Türkiye’nin Yenilenebilir ve Temiz Enerji Konusunda ABD, Çin ve Avrupa Birliği ile Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Author(s): Yunus Emre Özer / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2016

Energy has become an indispensable source for the continuity of life. Source of the produced energy is important for environmental sustainability. Fossil fuels which are commonly used for the production of energy causes environmental pollution. Furthermore the reserves of these fossil fuels are hold by some of countries and this makes other countries dependent to countries that hold reserves. Basically, by the help of these worries, increasing the use of clean and renewable energy both helps to reduce environmental pollution and decrease the energy dependency of the country. Especially countries that have a serious potential about clean and renewable energy like Turkey has to evaluate the issue by this view. This article aims to analyze the current situation and potential of Turkey about clean and renewable energy by comparing with the USA, China which are the biggest emission producers and European Union .which wants to be a leader in environmental policies.

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Casus KLD. Dzieje jednego środowiska

Author(s): Jacek Wojnicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The article is an attempt to scratch environmental portrait „of Gdansk liberals” who founded the Congress of the Liberal-Democratic. KLD came from Gdansk Social Economic „Congress Liberals”, an informal organization set up two years earlier,a grouping of opposition from environmental Donald Tusk, Janusz Lewandowski and Jan Krzysztof Bielecki – the creators of the magazine „Political Review”. National Conference founder held on 29 and 30 June 1990, the group formally registered on October 9 of the same year. His program KLD described as „pragmatic liberalism”. He Preached the need for privatization and extension of the scope of the free market. He advocated the Polish integration with Western structures, carefully carried decommunization and the ideological neutrality of the state.

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Przyczynek do charakterystyki koncepcji gospodarczych Jana Bobrzyńskiego

Author(s): Sebastian Paczos / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

In this article the author shows selected economic views of Jan Bobrzyński, conservative statesman and ideologist from the interwar years. In further part of the article some reason of economic crisis, named by Bobrzyński, are being listed (e.g. interventionism, state management, violation of private property). The author shows also economic objectivity, pointed by Bobrzyński as the way to the modernization of Poland. In the conclusion, the author stresses that Jan Bobrzyński’s opinion on II Rzeczpospolitej economic system aren’t good eﬀort of connecting liberalism with catholic church’ social doctrine. Jan Bobrzyński was trying to find the golden mean between hypertrophy of individualism unit and the socialist supremacy of the state. In his opinion, Cracow conservative school created an optimal model, growing the unit’s individualism in the name of common good.

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Angielski handel zewnętrzny (i kolonialny) w latach 1715–1740. Amerykanizacja rynku pozauropejskiego

Author(s): Piotr Robak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

The article is focused on the presentation of the main directions of a growth of English foreign (and colonial) trade in the peacetime period in the international relationals in the Atlantic sphere between 1715–1740. The English overseas statistics (especially based on the collected data by E.B. Schumpeter) have indicated that in the described period was the continuance of a growth of English foreign trade (so called in a historical literature „trade revolution”) which had the beginning in the second half of the XVIIth century. The trade was marked by a superiority of the traditional European markets (especially in the Northern Atlantic countries) with a positive balance but much more dynamic was the growth of English Extraeuropean trade (essentially the colonial trade) in so called the Atlantic sphere of English economy. The main role in the latter played the American market (from Canada to some Carraibean Isles) with some share of the Iberoamerican markets. The part of Atlantic English trade dominated the whole English Extraeuropean trade (so called by some historians the Americanisation of English trade). The latter, however, was an unprofitable with some exception of the Western African trade but thanks to the steady increase of the role of overseas imports (especially many colonial products) in the English European re-eksport the whole English foreign trade had a regular positive balance in the described period. The Americanisation of English Extraeuropaen trade made the main level of British-French colonial rivalry (with an important share of Spanish colonies in the both Americas) in the first half of the XVIIIth century. The rivalry brought to an end the peacetime period in the Atlantic sphere when the breaking out of British-Spanish colonial war united a farther growth of English foreign trade with the war of Empire (1739–1740).

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KURUMSAL YÖNETİŞİMİN ŞİRKET PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: VİETNAM’DA GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA

Author(s): Esra Sipahi,Erkin Artantaş,Deniz Şişman / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2018

This empirical research for listed firms in Vietnam is conducted to examine the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance. In this study, corporate governance is proxied by a set of variables, including a dual role of the CEO, board’s size, board independence and ownership concentration. In addition, firm performance is measured by four different methods which are (i) return on asset (ROA), (ii) return on equity (ROE), (iii) Z-score by Altman (1968) and (iv) Tobin’s Q. Using the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) on the dataset of 177 listed companies in Vietnam for the period of 5 years, from 2008 to 2012, the findings of this study indicate multiple effects of corporate governance on firm performance. First, duality role of the CEO is positively correlated with firm performance. Second, there is a structural change in relation between managerial ownership and firm performance. Third, board independence has opposite impacts on firm performance. Fourth, this study however fails to provide an empirical evidence support the statistically significant relationship between board size and firm performance.

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Pénzügyi instabilitás és egyenlőtlenség: a másodrendű jelzáloghitel-válság minskyánus strukturális elemzése

Author(s): Fadhel Kaboub,Zdravka Todorova,Luisa Fernandez / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 17/2012

The paper uses Minsky’s Financial Instability Hypothesis as an analytical framework for understanding the subprime mortgage crisis and for introducing adequate reforms to restore economic stability. We argue that the subprime financial turmoil has deeper structural origins that go beyond the housing market and financial markets. We argue that inequality has been the real structural cause of today’s financial markets meltdown. What we observe today is only the manifestation of the ingenuity of the market in taking advantage of money-making opportunities at any cost, regardless of macroeconomic and social consequences. The so-called „democratization of homeownership” suddenly turned into record-high delinquencies and foreclosures. The sudden turn in market expectations led investors and banks to reevaluate their portfolios, which brought about a credit crunch and widespread economic instability. The Federal Reserve Bank’s intervention came too late and failed to usher adequate regulation. All attempts to stabilize financial markets will be temporary fixes if the structural inequality problem is not adequately addressed. Finally, the paper argues that a true democratization of homeownership is only possible through job creation and income generation programs, rather than through exotic mortgage schemes.

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Енергетски аспект бриселских преговора

Author(s): Željko Jović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2018

The subject matter of this paper is taking a comprehensive overview of the Brussels negotiations by means of content analysis of the documents undersigned in Brussels in the framework of talks held between Belgrade and Prishtina, with special attention given to the energy aspects of the negotiations, in contests of energy security of the Republic of Serbia.The first part of the paper defines the essence of energy security as well as the concept of energy security of the Republic of Serbia. The second part looks into the process of technical and political negotiations itself, taking stock of the entire course of negotiations undertaken in Brussels, while also focusing on individual areas covered by the Dialogue. The third part of the paper examines the energy aspect of the negotiations, starting from the Brussels Agreement (The First Agreement on Principals Governing the Normalization of relations) and through to the rest of the documents on which Belgrade and Prishtina have agreed. The closing considerations take stock of the overall significance of the "energy" links between Central Serbia and Kosovo and Metohija, the importance of the negotiations, the effects of the undersigned documents, not only in terms of energy security, but also from the point of view of the economic, political and overall security of the Republic Serbia.

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NOVA POLITIČKA EKONOMIJA JAMESA BUCHANANA

Author(s): Zdravko Petak / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 03/1991

The new political economy, i.e. the theory of public choice advocated by James Buchanan and the Virginia school, is a contribution to the linking of the political and economic sciences. This is an approach to the process of politics that emerged in the beginning of the 1960s and is an application of economic analysis upon political decision making.

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ДЛИННАЯ РУКА ВОСПИТАНИЯ

Author(s): Elena Alymova,Roman Svetlov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2017

Many modern scholars use the terms ‘liberalism’ and ‘liberal ideas’ uncritically from a historical point of view. For example, we can assume that Plato's judgments from the Republic about the absence in Callipolis external regulations for the activities of the ‘economic class’ (425 d-e) resemble the ideas of Adam Smith's political economy. However, these judgments should not be taken as indications of the liberal spirit on the part of Plato; in fact, they are caused by the mere fact that political sphere in Callipolis was alienated from the economy. This and other examples show that one must try to take into account the real historical context of any of the judgments made by the ancients, as far as possible.

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Креативни стратегии и тактики за тяхното реализиране

Author(s): Rumen Andreev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

In the modern world, information is increasing, which complicates decision-making and the adherence to long-term goals. The purpose of the article is to prove that it is now more difficult to build a strategy and that for the imposing of successful strategies are needed more firmness and perseverance. Different conceptions of behavioural economics and cognitive psychology have been used for the study. An interdisciplinary approach was used as investigations of psychology, and neuroeconomics had been combined and analysed.

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Политическа икономия на движението за социален кредит

Author(s): Petar Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

In times of crisis and recession conventional economic thought usually starts to lose its value in favor of unorthodox thinkers for solutions. Giving the pressing severity of unsolved socio-economic problems this paper analyses the ideas and contributions of the great British engineer, and political economist Clifford Hugh Douglas. Clarifying the reasons why he has been misunderstood, ignored, and even censored, his theories concerning money, debt, deficiency of purchasing power and economic democracy are presented and opposed to the dominant schools of economic thought.

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За демаркацията и синтеза между политическата икономия и икономикса

Author(s): Ivaylo Beev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The main goal of the study is to reveal a basic dilemma on the basis of which could be distinguished the methodologies of different economic theories. The dilemma methodological individualism – methodological holism has a leading role because it is connected with the most important characteristics of the starting point of the economic research. The development of these two methodologies is considered and how they become preconditions of mainstream or heterodox economic theories.By the end of the 19th century, the economists began to define political economy with a new term - "Economics". In parallel, start a process to upgrade of the content of the new term. This results in a "new" science for the "economy", ie. it becomes obvious that in the present day the synonymization of "political economy" with "economics" is not legitimate.In this study, the author does not intend to make a full distinction between political economy and economics – just to mark another significant dividing line between these two economics studies and to answer the question whether and under what conditions one can speak of a synthesis between them.

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Дилемата методологически индивидуализъм срещу методологически холизъм в икономическата наука

Author(s): Vasil Prodanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

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Bring the Right One in: International Organizations and Privatization Strategies in Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia

Author(s): Aleksandar Mesarović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

This paper shall examine the effectiveness of the varieties of privatization implemented in three counties in Ex-Yugoslavia: Slovenia, Croatia, and Serbia. In addition to studying the effectiveness of the privatization strategies this paper shall also investigate the impact of various international actors and agencies; such as the EBRD, EU, IMF, World Bank, etc., on the choice of privatization method and on the success or failure of its implementation. What this research reveals, is a decreasing enthusiasm amongst international actors for privatization which in turn decreases the pressure on states to privatize, allowing them to prevaricate and leading to inefficient privatization outcomes.

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Value marketing as a Determinant of Forming a Political Offer in the Process of Communication between Politicians and Voters

Author(s): Wiktor Widera / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2018

At the heart of the concept of value marketing is the evolution of its use. Starting with a mere information about the presence of a product on the market, through subsequently satisfying the needs of the buyer of the product or service, to finally reaching a full dialogue between the bidder (offerer) and the customer. This relationship is based, inter alia, on the common definition of the characteristics of the desired goods and their adjustment to the values indicated by the customers. Also, important values for the buyer of a political product should be similarly shaped in the marketing sense. Creating bonds, the partnership relations between the exchange parties on the political market is a mechanism that makes this process very effective. The article points to the “value” present in the political product and explains how it is created. It also analyses two key contexts of what “value” is, describes marketing and its core tools on the economic and political market. The author of the paper makes a hypothesis that “value” as the core of the political offer generated by the politician-voter relationship is of fundamental importance in political transactions and is at the same time a determinant of electoral decision.

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