Transitions Online_Around the Bloc-Baku Takes Larger Stake in Massive Oilfield
Aliev cheers ‘even more profitable’ new contract, which foresees $40 billion in new investment by oil majors.
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Aliev cheers ‘even more profitable’ new contract, which foresees $40 billion in new investment by oil majors.
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Climate change is now the biggest threat and challenge for humanity and nuclear energy as non-emission source of energy (without greenhouse gases emissions including carbon dioxide) fits perfectly in efforts taken by the international community to tackle the global warming. The increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere as a result of energy production can lead to major changes in ecosystems in the world. Therefore, the energy sector and particularly the electricity production sector, needs to undergo major changes. Among technologies that could contribute to the reduction of GHG emissions nuclear power can play a key role in the transformation of energy sources and the popularization of low carbon energy sources in the twenty-first century. The article attempts to explain why and to what extent nuclear power can reduce global GHG emissions and impact on the negative climate change processes.
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The article presents the Kingdom of Norway as a contemporary energy empire, whichuses most electricity per capita, but on the other hand is it self a major producer of oil and natural gas. The energy industry, however, has undergone significant changes becauseof the substantial decrease of oil out put and the significant increase of gas production. What is equally interesting are the issues of existing energy reserves in this country and the possibilities of new discoveries of the resources, especially in the context of the new governmental policy and the ambitious plans of making the economy less dependent on hydrocarbon extraction.
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‘Students should study, state employees should work,’ prime minister says after dramatic change of policy.
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This branch of industry includes production of locomotives, goods wagons, passengers coaches and other kinds of special rail wagons and vehicles, motor trains, rail buses and trams. It also includes enterprises specializing in the maintenance and repair of rolling stock, which operate either independently or as part of railway enterprises. The beginning of the development of this branch of industry dates back to the construction of the Vienna—Trieste railway line. When the Šentilj—Celje section of the line going through Maribor was built in 1846, a railway supply shop was set up in Maribor, which after a few years, when its services spread beyond the needs of the Maribor railway junction, became a private railway workshop under the name Juzne železnice (Southern Railways). This is the present- day factory Boris Kidrič.
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Industry Co-operatives are a basic link in the structure of the agricultural market of the European Union Member Countries. The primary objective of the formation of the Groups of agricultural Producers (GPR) is a joint operation by which you can meet the challenges of market economy based on a competitive basis. Part of EU aid under the Common Agricultural Policy is designed just for the producer groups. Striving for the horizontal integration of production, so co-operation of subjects of a similar production profile in the GPR is now one of the major challenges of Polish agriculture. The concentration of the agricultural market in the horizontal plane, however, is the starting point for further cooperation. GPR activities should therefore be the starting point for those wishing to work in the agricultural market at a high level in order to achieve a result, more active in international markets.
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Ubrzo nakon rušenja Berlinskog zida, 1989. godine, Evropska Unija (EU) je započela sa aktivnostima bilateralnog približavanja sa zemljama središnje i istočne Europe potpisivanjem Ugovora o pridruživanju (European Agreement). Ti ugovori su pokrivali trgovinske odnose, politički dijalog, usklađivanje zakonodavstva i druga područja od uzajamnog interesa kao što su industrija, ekologija, transport, carine, itd. Vrlo brzo su uspostavljene zone slobodne trgovine između pridruženih zemalja i EU na bazi reciprociteta, ali sa asimetričnim kvotama. Kako je suradnja na gospodarskom planu od potpisivanja ugovora o pridruživanju snažno rasla, tako su se i aspiracije pridruženih zemalja za punopravnim članstvom pojačavale. Vrlo brzo na dnevnom redu EU se našlo pitanje proširenja. Ne ulazeći sada u sve aspekte procesa proširenja već 1993. godine tadašnjih 15 članica EU prepoznaju svoj interes u proširenju EU, čime pitanje daljeg širenja Europe na istok i jug prestaje biti pitanje „ako“ nego postaje pitanje „kada“.
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A process of privatization of all 23 firms in the municipality of Gracanica was completed at the end of the year 2001. Thanks to a favorable, private initiative, which distinguishes this municipality from all others in the Canton of Tuzla, this complex process was completed fairly quickly, efficiently and without greater social processes. This time we bring you the information on the course of the privatization of each separate in Gracanica.
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Education is a field which is not subject to unification in the European Union. Education systems in the EU countries differ, among others, in terms of: sources of funding, provision of basic education, participation in the education and training system, and functioning of higher education. The main aim of the present study is to compare education systems in EU Member States using statistical methods of linear ordering of objects. The study posits lower effectiveness of individual indicators that characterize education. It is focused on a synthetic evaluation of education in EU countries using Hellwig’s modelling method. This approach makes it possible to prepare a ranking and to determine the distance separating Poland from the best (model) education system.
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This article analizes the esential shift in the structure of the economy from industrial to service-dominated economy and the impact of the increasing role of the service sector to the development of economic system and effectiveness of current economic regulation means. Two key theories are dealing with structural changes – deindustrialization theory and post-industrial economy theory. There are distinct research communities providing different perspectives on the rationale, design and delivery of the economic development and economic regulation. The comparative analysis provide an integrative and organising lens for viewing the various contributions to knowledge production from those research communities addressing economic regulation directions and means. The first part of the paper presents a critical assessment of the recomendations to the employment and equality policy makers provided by the deindustrialization theory developing research community. The second part of the paper is devoted for the evaluation of the post-industrial theory perspectives to develop service-dominated economy. This study provides three main trends in economic regulation, which are identified as main accelerators of the economic system evolution, namely: i) creation and maintenance of information-communication infrastructure; ii) servitization of manufacturing and agriculture, and iii) essential reform of educational system.
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In the article, regional consequences of Chinese One Belt One Initiative project were elaborated. Author pointed out the possibility of cooperation between Poland and Germany in order to achievethe role of the most important countries in transit, overload and conditioning that may allow achieving this target. Article also presents some limitation – mainly results of Russian interests and potentialconfl ict areas.
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The 20th anniversary of the World Trade Organization (WTO) activity celebrated in 2015 has provoked to the analysis and summary of effects of its activity within this period, especially as far as the consequences of the world economic crisis 2008+ are concerned. It is also important in the context of the WTO’s role as the main negotiation forum in the world trade. We may come across opinions that the WTO does not live up to the expectations of the international community, and that the effectively carried out process of trade liberalization has not been a match to the current situation in the world market. Beyond a shadow of a doubt, the last decade has not been the most successful period for the WTO and its position is currently much weaker than at the end of the last century. Still, it seems that a gradual creation of an open system of the global trade, based on common rules, having over 160 countries as its members, is a great achievement.
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The article reviews contemporary traditional approaches towards the evaluation of ground military vehicles and equipment, oriented on the role and potential of top-ranking officials in this area. The author promotes the introduction of some electronic Log Book for monitoring and rating the operational data of the military equipment, with the help of new General Packet Radio Service module, to improve the effectiveness of operational system, maintenance and savings.
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The article deals with the reasons why NATO is interested in energy security and main tasks which Alliance fulfils in this area. A special attention is paid to the energy dependence of the European member states of the Alliance, the increase of awareness about energy security, critical energy infrastructure protection and energy efficiency in the armed forces. The author elaborates the implementation of the energy security issues into the Alliance main activities, education and training in the field of energy security and cooperation with partner countries, other international organizations and private sector.
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The article introduces a variant of alternative accoutrements provided to the soldiers of the Army of the Czech Republic to replenish and compensate individual standardized items. The article proposes changes in furnishing soldiers, so that they would take into account their individual occupational specialities and predominant types of used military uniforms. Even though the authors use a simplified model in this paper, the final version of accoutrement modification represents the updating of the current law regulations.
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Effects of maintaining the national currency (RSD; dinar) is a very important topic for the country such as Serbia. Historically, foreign currency (mostly Deutch mark) has been unofficially used in Serbia due to the volatile political and economic situation during the 1990s. Introduction of the euro has been followed by high level of euroization of the Serbian economy. Namely, the euro has been widely used for various types of financial transactions in Serbia. During the past 16 years, Serbia has strived to become a full member of the EU, which would consequently lead to adoption of euro as the official currency. Even though unilateral introduction of euro in Serbia is theoretically plausible, it would surely worsen relations with the EU. This is a very important point due to the fact that Serbian accession process has not been smooth. This paper establishes that a high level of euroization in Serbia exists, by application of quantitative methods. Therefore, a key issue arises – whether preservation of Serbian monetary sovereignity has delivered positive or negative effects? Analysis of statistical dana enabled evidence based conclusions that depreciation of the dinar between 2008 and 2017 has contributed to increase of Serbian exports that almost doubled during analyzed period. Increase of exports partially neutralized negative effects of economic crisis on GDP and has positively contributed to stabilization of the national economy. Therefore, preservation of dinar as national currency in previous period delivered positive effects and would in fact accomodate convergence of Serbia to full membership of the EU, rather than the opposite.
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The article gives a short review of the catering facility problems. Firstly it divides the facility in to zones. An individual zone is described after with its specifics needs for right function. Secondly it summarizes usable construction systems usually used for catering facility installation. At the end it represents dispositional draft of facility formed from ISO containers.
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This article is primarily engaged in the analysis of existing situation in the area of securing outfit components and in the assessment of the level of support provided to women and men working in the Czech Army. It evaluates the current state of supplying the soldiers with all necessary outfits in compliance with the current legislation and the way of its actual implementation. It analyses the current legislation and the possibilities of distribution of uniforms to their end users. The assessment primarily addresses the fulfilment of objectives for which the distribution system of uniforms was established.
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The new Competition Act of the Republic of Serbia which entered into force November 1, 2009, promotes principles of the market economy. The Competition Act is closely modelled after the EC competition rules. It applies to acts and actions performed on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, as well as to the acts and actions performed outside its territory, if they affect or could affect the competition in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. Furthermore, it applies to all undertakings that trade in goods and services, regardless of their legal status or the state of origin. Serbia has also accepted international treaty obligations towards EC and CEFTA countries to enforce similar competition rules in cases when undertakings enter into agreements or practices that could affect competition in trade between member states. Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty are quoted in those treaties as a yardstick for proper intepretation of the rules on competition contained therein. The article presents the scope of application of Articles 81 and 82 in light of the practice of the EC Courts and the Commission’s Guidelines on the effect on trade concept contained in Articles 81 and 82, and draws conclusions that may be relevant for the application of the Serbian competition rules.
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With the coming into force of the Lisbon Treaty, the European Union has tactfully shifted the vertical alignment of competence to regulate foreign direct investment away from EU Member States, thereby reserving all prerogatives in this field for itself. The new Treaty purports to dislove the existing bilateral treaty regime that has been regulating the field of foreign investment for the past fifty years and replace it with a common ‘European’ investment policy. The central question is: whether or not the legal mechanisms enshrined in the Lisbon Treaty are suitable and sufficient for facilitating and upholding the EU’s bold objectives and whether or not the EU will have enough political leverage to lead Member States down a new ‘European’ investment path.
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