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“THE BOOK OF WHISPERS” BY VARUJAN VOSGANIAN AS A LITERARY WAY OF UNDERSTANDING ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

Author(s): Ivan Pilchin / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

The well-known novel “The Book of Whispers” (2009) by Varujan Vosganian is a relevant example of how different cultures, religions and traditions interact in different historical and geographical contexts. The presentation will refer to the way of combining in the novel the historical reality and literary fiction in order to highlight the tragic faith of the Armenian people in its interaction with the neighbor nations during the 20th century. The novel will be analyzed from the perspective of the intercultural theory and culture memory concepts and is attached to the 100 years anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. A particular point in the presentation will represent my own experience of translation of the novel in Russian language.

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“THE CASE OF THE MISSING PLUMS”

“THE CASE OF THE MISSING PLUMS”

Author(s): Dragoş AVĂDANEI / Language(s): English / Issue: 08/2016

From William Carlos Williamsř 1934 ŖThis Is Just to Sayŗ to Florence Williamsř ŖReplyŗŕthis is the Ŗinvestigativeŗ journey here, where travelling between high modernist poetry and the parodies that followed over the decades seems to have marked a certain evolution in American poetry. If parody may have appeared as a result of an exhaustion in the potentialities of the genre, then modernism and post-modernism may have also witnessed the exhaustion of parody itself; the now long announced end or death of literature cannot mean its alternative existence only as parody (though a form of literature itself).

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“THE DEVIL IN THE HOUSE”: THE CHARACTER OF LUCY IN LADY AUDLEY’S SECRET BY MARY ELIZABETH BRADDON

“THE DEVIL IN THE HOUSE”: THE CHARACTER OF LUCY IN LADY AUDLEY’S SECRET BY MARY ELIZABETH BRADDON

Author(s): Elisabetta Marino / Language(s): English / Issue: 20/2014

The idealised image of Victorian womanhood was forcefully exemplified by Coventry Patmore in his poem entitled “The Angel in the House” (2006), featuring ladies characterised by innocence, submissiveness, self-abnegation, compliance with their traditional roles of nurturers and homemakers. This paper aims at analysing the controversial character of Lucy Graham (Lady Audley) who, despite her seeming perfection, subversively undermines this very model.

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“The drunkenness of things being various”: symbols in Louis Macneice’s poetry of the 1930s

“The drunkenness of things being various”: symbols in Louis Macneice’s poetry of the 1930s

Author(s): Belgin Elbir / Language(s): English / Issue: 18/2018

This article intends to examine the symbolic significance of the imagery and the form of the Anglo-Irish poet Louis MacNeice’s poetry of the 1930s in terms of certain characteristic aspects of his representation of his sense of personal and social crisis within the context of a turbulent historical period that covers the years leading up to the Second World War. The article argues that the terms of this representation are inseparable from Louis MacNeice’s concern with, and conception of, the nature of the art of poetry and his role as a poet. Hence, this study will investigate selected poems from the poet’s work during the 1930s in the light of his critical essays that explore and comment on his own as well as others’ work, at a time when the function of poetry in relation to historical and social dilemmas had become an issue of debate in literary circles.

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“THE GREAT GOD PAN IS DEAD!” THE ECOLOGICAL ELEGY OF WILLIAM BURROUGHS’ GHOST OF CHANCE

“THE GREAT GOD PAN IS DEAD!” THE ECOLOGICAL ELEGY OF WILLIAM BURROUGHS’ GHOST OF CHANCE

Author(s): Chad Weidner / Language(s): English / Issue: 14/2008

The paper explores some of the profound political strains that work throughout William Burrough’s fiction. Many of the investigations done to date about William Burroughs are sentimental and nostalgic rather than scholarly. Now that Burroughs’ oeuvre is complete, it is time to reflect on the entirety of his work. This analysis will attempt to reveal some of the codified ideology in Ghost of Chance, a novella published many years after the publication of Burrough’s most controversial work.

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“THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD AND …MINE”: PRIVATE AND COLLECTIVE HISTORY IN PENELOPE LIVELY’S MEMOIRS

Author(s): Fabiola Popa / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2008

The paper focuses on the two memoirs written by the British writer Penelope Lively, Oleander Jacaranda and A House Unlocked, with the purpose of exposing the ambivalent nature of her writings, explicable through the challenging experience of growing up British in an Oriental world. It will examine issues such as: the (re)construction of the self through memories and memoir writing, the self shaped by personal/ collective past, memoir writing as a way of relating the self to the cultural and historical context of provenance.

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“THE NEW SENTIMENTAL EDUCATION” OR THE DARK PEDAGOGY OF THE COMMUNIST SECURITY

“THE NEW SENTIMENTAL EDUCATION” OR THE DARK PEDAGOGY OF THE COMMUNIST SECURITY

Author(s): Emanuela Ilie / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 08/2016

Taking into account Pierre Bourdieuřs reading of Gustave Flaubertřs ŖSentimental Educationŗ (from ŖThe Rules of Artŗ), our paper offers an analysis of one of the most intriguing Romanian novels centered on the communist regimeřs psychological effects on the intellectuals: ŖThe New Sentimental Educationŗ, written by Constantin Pricop, former Professor of Romanian literature at the ŖAlexandru Ioan Cuzaŗ University of Iaşi. More than his own biography, the literary historianřs areas of expertise Ŕ in particular, Ŗthe seduction of the ideologiesŗ, exerted not only in all sectors of everyday life, but also in the literary and critic fields Ŕ, helped him increase the novelist perspective, in order to propose an original, postmodern Ŗsentimental educationŗ, focused on the dark pedagogy of the Communist ŖSecurityŗ, as well as the survival solutions, yet possible for the intellectuals in the dark years of the communist Romania.

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“The Opposite of Disappearing”: Jewishness and Globality in Nicole Krauss’s Novels The History of Love and Great House
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“The Opposite of Disappearing”: Jewishness and Globality in Nicole Krauss’s Novels The History of Love and Great House

Author(s): Corina Selejan / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2011

The paper addresses issues of cultural, ethnic and national identity as they emerge from Nicole Krauss’s two latest novels. They deal, among other things, with a hybrid and unstable Jewish identity in its evolution from the Holocaust and its aftermath into the contemporary global(ised) context. Central to almost all characters’ attempts to define themselves in ethnic, national and cultural terms are writing and literature. Thus, The History of Love is the title of both Krauss’s and one of her central characters’ books and in Great House, all of the four intermeshed narrative voices belong to either a writer or a passionate reader. Literature is seen as “an opportunity for compassion” (in Krauss’s own words) and thus as a ‘road’ to (moral) cosmopolitanism. Both novels emphasize, to different degrees, the globality of the post-Holocaust Jewish experience. The differences between The History of Love (which is the earlier novel of the two) and Great House are significant and unveil a disturbing progression: as the setting gets global, the tone becomes grave and the questions explicit: “What is a Jew without Jerusalem? How can you be a Jew without a nation?” (Great House 278). By operating with Bakhtin’s terminology (heteroglossia, dialogism, hybrid constructions), I intend to interrogate both the texts’ hybridity and the hybridity of identity that the texts thematise.

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“THE ROMANIAN POSTMODERNISM”: DICHOTOMIES UNDER DEBATE

“THE ROMANIAN POSTMODERNISM”: DICHOTOMIES UNDER DEBATE

Author(s): Bogdan Raţiu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 06/2015

In this study we propose to debate some problems raised by the volume Romanian Postmodernism written by Mircea Cărtărescu: which is the motivation behind the binary approach of the critical text, a reproach brought by the majority of essayists; what are the dominants of the critical consciousness of the author; and, last but not least, how much of the postmodernism theorized in the volume can be applied in his creation, through the rationalimaginary dichotomy. We will bring into discussion the critical reception of the volume, but also some associations and differences with the other theories of postmodernism analysed in specialized literature.

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“The Sense of Form” in the Poetry of Wisława Szymborska and Czesław Miłosz

“The Sense of Form” in the Poetry of Wisława Szymborska and Czesław Miłosz

Author(s): Joanna Grądziel-Wójcik / Language(s): English / Issue: 3 (6)/2013

The article addresses the sources behind the poems of Wisława Szymborska and Czesław Miłosz. The focal point of Miłosz’s poetry is the concept of Entirety, which is intertwined with his religious worldview, whereas the world in Szymborska’s poetry lacks a metaphysical structure based on a number of divine certainties. These fundamental differences are observed in the metrical decisions made as the shape of the poem becomes a test for the infinite, remaining outside reality. For both authors “the order, rhythm, form” seem to be the reasons for the existence of poetry and as such protect it from chaos and nothingness. However, Szymborska “thinks in verse” differently than Miłosz, undertaking her own “struggle with a poem”. This aspect of her work is analyzed in the article with reference to “I’m working on the world” and “Vermeer.”

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“THE TIME IS OUT OF JOINT,” OR THE CORPOREAL BORDERS OF/ON TIME IN EARLY MODERN ANATOMICAL ILLUSTRATION

Author(s): Estella Antoaneta Ciobanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2009

This paper addresses the nexus of temporality and corporeality which time metaphors in anatomical illustration from the mid-16th to the late 17th century articulated more poignantly than ever before or after, and whereby the very practice of “anatomy” (viz. dissection) was established as the Apollonian purveyor of the truth of the human body. For the sake of clarity, I will distinguish between two typologically related occurrences of time metaphors imbricated in anatomical illustration: on the one hand, the closely intertwined classicisation of the time–space of dissection and the classical memento mori; on the other hand, the reversal of time in social terms, whether staged as the anatomical subject’s engagement in a world of make-believe social prestige or social doom, or rendered, in the case of female anatomy, as always already passively compliant with the male eroticising gaze. Time metaphors could thus confect anatomical exemplarity – hence claim scientific durability – right when their embedding reminded of human transience. Despite the tentative attempts of early modern anatomical illustration to establish itself as a scientific genre whose objective truth was informed by direct observation, the close collaboration between anatomist and artist pointed to the age’s anxieties over defining the proper concerns of art and science.

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“The Wasteland Quest”: Cityscapes of Memory in Postmodern Fiction

Author(s): Monica Spiridon / Language(s): English / Issue: 1 (17)/2013

My study tracks down a cluster of key metaphors of urban reading which also function as figures of memory in Thomas Pynchon’s novel the Crying of Lot 49. It also follows the early European memory as reenacted in different ways in the postmodern metropolis of Los Angeles and interpreted by Pynchon’s inquisitive characters (some of them writers, directors and actors).

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“THERE IS NO ANTIDOTE TO THE OPIUM OF TIME”: MEMORY, THE FLANEUR AND THE GHOSTS OF THE PAST IN W.G. SEBALD’S THE RINGS OF SATURN

Author(s): Roxana Sfetea,Roxana Doncu / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2013

A fictional account of Sebald’s journey on the coast of East Anglia, The Rings of Saturn can be analyzed as a “fiction of memory” (Neumann). Its primary concern is with cultural aspects of the past that have been ignored, downplayed or misinterpreted, so the narrator’s peregrinations and his subjective digressions point to larger issues of colonialism, exploitation or genocide. Memory as the human capacity for storing and retrieving the past is understood as variable, incomplete and selective- which makes it vulnerable to historical manipulation. At the same time these characteristics of memory reveal the role imagination plays in the working of memory. The theme of memory is linked to that of space and traveling and an important trope for the workings of both individual and cultural memory is the labyrinth. Photographs serve as the visual markings that order one’s way through the maze of memory as well as traces- pointing to the ramifications of the story. The figure of the narrator emerges as that of the flaneur, who, while apparently aimlessly strolling, picks up the remnants of the past in order to give a voice to the marginal, the liminal and the transitory.

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“There Is No Map and There Is No Road”: Theorising Best Practice in the Provision of Creative Writing Therapy
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“There Is No Map and There Is No Road”: Theorising Best Practice in the Provision of Creative Writing Therapy

Author(s): Rebecca Pert / Language(s): English / Issue: 20/2013

A host of recent studies have shown that creative acts such as writing have significant psychological, social, and emotional benefits. In the past few decades many healthcare settings have implemented creative writing groups as a complement to more traditional medical interventions for a wide variety of illnesses. However, the relative novelty of creative writing therapy, coupled with its conflicting artistic and medical aims, may mean that a writer who is considering leading such a group might be unclear as to what her role entails: whether she is primarily a teacher, mentor, or therapist; how much control she should exert over the patients’ creative output; the type of feedback, if any, she should give, and how to respond to upsetting or disturbing writing. This paper explores how various experts, from both artistic and medical backgrounds, have theorised what constitutes best practice in creative writing therapy, focussing specifically on the treatment of mental illness. The paper concludes that, as with more traditional medical interventions, creative writing therapy will work differently for each individual – indeed, for some, it may have adverse side-effects. As such, a practitioner must adopt an intuitive, empathetic, flexible approach, practising intense and constant self-reflection, and allowing patients their autonomy while still actively nurturing their development.

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“THEY ALWAYS KILL WITH WIRE”: INDONESIAN ADAPTATIONS OF AMERICAN CINEMA IN THE ACT OF KILLING (DIR. JOSHUA OPPENHEIMER, 2012)

Author(s): Mihaela Precup / Language(s): / Issue: 01/2014

The Act of Killing (2012) is a documentary by American film director Joshua Oppenheimer, who went to Indonesia and encouraged former executioners to reenact their murders from the time of the 1965-1966 military coup, when one million people were killed after they were accused of being communists. In a country where the government openly supports the main paramilitary organization, Pancasila (whose members also participated in the genocide), and glorifies the gangsters who were paid to kill communists and boisteriously explain the etymology behind their Indonesian name, fremen (from the English “free men”), Oppenheimer found that he was not allowed to interview the victims. Instead, he was pushed by circumstance to tell the story from the perpetrators’ point of view. The main character, Anwar, is a movie buff and big fan of American popular culture, particularly gangster movies, Elvis Presley and other movie stars and their standard costumes such as cowboy hats and bolo ties. His murders, as well as his reenactments of the murders, are sometimes close quotations of these aspects of American culture. This paper will be focusing on killing as an act of adaptation, imitation, and cultural collaboration. From this perspective, the act of killing is transformed—in the perpetrator’s view—into a performative tribute to a specific segment of American cinematic culture. The value of human life (not inherent to life, as Butler warns in Precarious Life and Frames of War) is thus read through the distancing effects of filmic adaptation; however, through the reenactment of his crimes, Anwar also appears to open himself up to an understanding of his deeds as morally problematic and traumatic, and his reading of his victims’ lives changes. In order to understand how that change is made possible (and how previously bare life becomes valuable), I will place myself in conversation with theoreticians such as Giorgio Agamben, Judith Butler, and others.

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“THEY ARE THROWING TANTRUMS IN THE COFFIN”: GOTHIC MOTIFS AND STRATEGIES IN THE PLAYS OF MARINA CARR

“THEY ARE THROWING TANTRUMS IN THE COFFIN”: GOTHIC MOTIFS AND STRATEGIES IN THE PLAYS OF MARINA CARR

Author(s): Mária Kurdi / Language(s): English / Issue: 16/2010

The family in Irish playwright Marina Carr’s work is portrayed neither as a peaceful shelter nor a source of psychic reassurance, but rather as a site of anxiety, loss, horror and abjection. The present paper aims to investigate how Carr applies Gothic motifs and strategies in four of her plays to demythologise certain phenomena of the contemporary Irish society, usually hidden but frightening nonetheless.

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“To Be or Not To Be?” – On Philip Roth’s Jewish-Americanness

“To Be or Not To Be?” – On Philip Roth’s Jewish-Americanness

Author(s): Corina Alexandrina Lirca / Language(s): English / Issue: 15/2013

The paper below is meant to investigate the truth behind Philip Roth’s attitude regarding the much debated topic of his “Jewish-Americanness”. There are a number of facts which tie him to this ethnic denomination, also his literary territory is a small Jewish-dominated section of New-York, clearly reflected in his style, however it is shallow and unjustifiable to make constant references to Jewishness in the analysis and interpretation of his literary works.

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“TO FATHOM HELL OR SOAR ANGELIC...” ONTRADICTIONS AND DILEMMAS OF THE BEAT GENERATION

“TO FATHOM HELL OR SOAR ANGELIC...” ONTRADICTIONS AND DILEMMAS OF THE BEAT GENERATION

Author(s): Andrzej Dorobek / Language(s): English / Issue: 17/2011

Osmond’s statement of the psychedelic ambivalence opens the discussion of the contradictions of American Beat literature: spiritual illumination vs. bohemian lusts, freedom vs. political oppression, artistic integrity vs. “selling out.” Examples come from Ginsberg’s, Kerouac’s, Burroughs’s and Broyard’s works, with references to Hawthorne, Thoreau or Sukenick. Finally, a brief assessment of the historical importance of Beat contradictions is attempted.

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“To Helen, Swimming” or Poetry Unveiled

Author(s): Sorin Ștefănescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2013

The paper looks at Helen: A Courtship, a sequence of sixteen poems written by William Faulkner as a young man, and attempts a personal reading of the first one, “To Helen, Swimming.” The author starts his investigation from the premise that criticism attempted to dismiss Faulkner’s poetry as unremarkable relying too much on what it could deduce from the poems and too little on what it could induce into them. After briefly establishing the circumstances leading to the writing of this sequence, a line-for-line analysis of the poem is endeavoured, covering most of the paper.

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“Two Poets” in Czesław Miłosz’s Unknown Letters and Other Writings

“Two Poets” in Czesław Miłosz’s Unknown Letters and Other Writings

Author(s): Marta Anna Skwara / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2013

Miłosz’s recently discovered letters to Paul Engle, the director of The Iowa Writing Program at the University of Iowa, give an impulse to a more comprehensive discussion on Miłosz’s literary tastes and literary opinions expressed both in his private and public writings. Having analyzed the content of the letters, in particular those promoting Artur Międzyrzecki’s candidature for the IWP and thus favoring him above other Polish poets, including Tadeusz Różewicz, the authoress discusses Miłosz’s literary relationships with Różewicz and his attitude to Robinson Jeffers, mentioned together with Różewicz as examples of “atheist despair” in a recently published letter to Jan Błoński. It seems clear that Miłosz preferred poets of culture to those who were “nihilistic” or “barbarian,” even if, as the authoress emphasizes, they were precisely the poets with whom he conducted a lifelong literary dialogue. Although favoring Międzyrzecki seems to have been simply biased, and even if it was most of all motivated by a wish to help a friend in need, it might have also been generated by strong opinions of what poetry is and what it should be according to the author of The Captive Mind.

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