Darntonův model komunikační sítě a výzkum samizdatu
K překladu studie „Co jsou to dějiny samizdatu?“
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K překladu studie „Co jsou to dějiny samizdatu?“
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Dobrochna Dabert: Między wizją a spełnieniem. Profile ideowe i artystyczne czasopism literackich w drugim obiegu wydawniczym 1982–1989. Poznań, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza 2014. 353 strany.
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Ann Komaromi: Uncensored. Samizdat Novels and the Quest for Autonomy in Soviet Dissidence. Evanston, Northwestern University Press 2015. 254 strany.
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Gabriela Romanová: Příběh Edice Expedice. Praha, Knihovna Václava Havla 2014. 210 stran.
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Czech literary samizdat article bibliography — issues and challenges; The Jazz Section from various perspectives; Ostrava is not Prague!; COURAGE research project
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This study focuses on describing the samizdat situation in the Tábor region while attempting to portray some of the sociocultural aspects of independent publishing activity on the “periphery”. Local examples of these phenomena (with such series as JITROcel, Anýz, Jiří Novotný and friends’ workshops, magazines such as Studánka, Akát and Obálka, as well as Jiřina Zemanová’s Prostor) are used to reveal the importance of the subculture (in this case the “tramping” or backpacking subculture) as a medium for alternative culture and the social networks and links which create these communities and which influence both distribution and reception among readers. Other characteristics of samizdat in the regions included its apolitical nature and the interconnections with the Prague samizdat centre. In addition to samizdat activity, the backpacking community in the Tábor region also arranged amateur music shows and independent exhibitions in unofficial premises such as private homes and chalets.
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This study deals with the circumstances surrounding samizdat publication of Jiří Kratochvil’s Medvědí román (Bear’s Novel) in 1985. The author, who had hitherto brought out practically nothing for the public, offered his work for the Petlice typescript series, but it was not accepted for publication. On the recommendation of his friend Milan Uhde, Kratochvil then reworked the novel and had the amended version brought out both at Milan Jelínek’s Brno samizdat publishers and shortly after 1989 at the Atlantis publishers. Ten years later Kratochvil went back to his original manuscript and published it under the title of Urmedvěd (Ur-Bear) at Druhé město publishers. This case attracted media attention, as the author had interpreted Milan Uhde’s previous recommendation to rework the novel as prescriptive, but then even the literary historians began to take an interest: the case is described in V obecném zájmu (In the Public Interest, 2015) as a manifestation of the social regulation of literary output in the samizdat environment. In polemics over this idea the author points out the specific circumstances surrounding the case, while examining the conditions and internal organization of samizdat publishers’ activities during the 1980s in greater detail.
More...Úvaha nejen pojmoslovná
This study comprises two chapters. The first deals with the issue of specialist terminology used in connection with alternative literary culture between 1948 and 1989. The introduction of the term samizdat was preceded by numerous discussions recorded primarily in 1980s typescript periodicals, which the author of this study describes and interprets. The second indicates the boundary of the term samizdat used in research into Communist-period independent literature in its broader conception. It deals with the issues surrounding relations between the author’s manuscript and its samizdat publication, the boundaries between samizdat and semi-legal printed documents in what was known as the grey zone, production technology, the readership range of samizdat literature and the like. The conclusion proposes a conceptual and objective typology of the ways in which samizdat literature publication was organized in the 1970s and 1980s.
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Bartosz Kaliski: Kurierzy wolnego słowa (Paryż — Praga — Warszawa 1968–1970). Warszawa, Instytut Historii PAN 2014. 353 strany.
More...Rimbaud, Baudelaire, Mallarmé
This article analyses three sets of translations that form the core of Vítězslav Nezval’stranslation work: The Work of Arthur Rimbaud (1930), The Poetry of Stéphane Mallarmé(1931) and a selection from Les Fleurs du Mal by Charles Baudelaire (completed 1931,published posthumously 1964). It observes that Nezval declares the translation to bean “analogy and imitation of the original poem”, created ex novo from the original“content and verbal material”, as this is in line with translation theory at that time,which demanded that a translation should above all be an original poem. In keepingwith this principle, Nezval has Rimbaud speak in the modern poetic language whichspeaks for itself in his collections. His poetic licence is then excused, if not justified,by the conviction that Rimbaud’s poetics are the product of a modernism thatbasically consists in the associative mechanism. However, Rimbaud’s, Baudelaire’sand Mallarmé’s modernism does not work on the basis of the associative principle:quite the reverse, the works of all these poets are characterized by highly rationalstructuralization. Hence Nezval presented a quite specific “imitation” of the originaltexts, projecting his own poetics that were in thrall to a cubist-poetist faith in poeticimagery in perpetural motion.
More...Sonda do vývoje žánrového povědomí v české literární kultuře přelomu 19. a 20. století
This study focuses on the history of the detective story genre, but its aim is notto reformulate the “objective” history of the genre, based on a text-centredanalysis, but to enhance it by including the reception aspect in order to providea model highlighting the “subjective” element of the genre, which we refer to asgenre awareness. We chart its development by means of surveys of the receptionresponse to works, on the basis of which we construct nodal points in the genesis ofawareness, resulting in the stabilization of the specific genre within the environmentof Czech literary culture, which is understood in the broad sense to involve textscommunicated in Czech, both original and in translation.
More...Bibliofilie VŠUP z šedesátých let jako možnost specifické alternativní publikace
Using available oral and written sources, this study attempts to at least partiallyreconstruct bibliophile activities at the Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design,which primarily took place at František Muzika’s studio in the form of Edice speciálkyFrantiška Muziky (František Muzika’s Special Studio Series) between 1949 and 1970;it also takes relevant account of the bibliophile editions involved in final year anddiploma work at Karel Svolinský’s studio. The fact that these works included a numberof titles, authors and/or débuts (Vratislav Effenberger, Karel Hynek, Jiří Kuběna, VěraLinhartová, Milan Nápravník, Ladislav Novák and Jan M. Tomeš, Texty experimentálnípoezie – Experimental Poetry Texts), which at that time were difficult to publish,indicates that there were other alternative publication space cases apart from “pure”samizdat. Hence the text also implicitly makes a contribution towards the study of“grey zone” issues that have not previously been comprehensively charted.
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In the Czech literary studies environment, children’s literature is traditionally definedon the basis of the intended child reader. However, this approach cannot include thefairly broad field of “unintentional children’s literature”, while another great disadvantageof the term “intended reader” is its semantic vagueness. An alternative way toapproach the definition of children’s literature is offered by the term “implied childreader”, which was first systematically described and applied by Aidan Chambers. Thepresent article analyses Chambers’ use of the term “implied child reader” by going backto the Iserian roots of this term, and it subsequently considers the pros and cons ofthis alternative.
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The present article focuses on determining the place of Květa Sgallová in thehistory of the post-war research on the Czech verse. Taking into account the latest Sgallová’s book, O českém verši [On Czech Verse] (2015), her scholarly biography isdrafted with a special emphasis on her efforts to use computational techniques inverse-theory research. The second part of the article deals with the current work ofthe Versification Research Group (Institute of Czech Literature of the CAS) members,Petr Plecháč and Robert Kolár.
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Milena Bartlová: Pravda zvítězila. Výtvarné umění a husitství 1380–1490. Praha, Academia 2015. 358 stran.
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Marie Škarpová: „Mezi Čechy, k pobožnému zpívání náchylnými“. Šteyerův Kancionálčeský, kanonizace hymnografické paměti a utváření katolické identity. Praha,Filozofická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy 2015. 552 strany + 1 záložka.
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Pavel Kořínek — Martin Foret — Michal Jareš: V panelech a bublinách. Kapitoly z teorie komiksu. Praha, Akropolis 2015. 447 stran.
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Lubomír Machala et al.: Panorama české literatury 1 (do roku 1989). Praha,Knižní klub 2015. 607 stran. Lubomír Machala et al.: Panorama české literatury 2 (po roce 1989). Praha,Knižní klub 2015. 303 strany.
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