Карел Гот и Plastic People of the Universe като културни и социални феномени по времето на „нормализацията” в Чехословакия

Author(s): Aleksandra Aleksandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1 (7)/2018

This paper explores the relations between totalitarianism, the official music scene and the underground scene in Czechoslovakia represented by Karel Gott (one of the most popular Czech singers) and the legendary underground punk group Plastic People of the Universe, both symbols of free thinking and Charter 77. These two music phenomena are also social phenomena: K. Gott has been favoured by the establishment, but meanwhile he has managed to promote the music models of Western Europe; for their part, Plastic People have been unfairly persecuted and arrested.

КАФКИНИ МАЛИ НАРАТИВИ КАО ОТВОРЕНЕ ПАРАБОЛЕ

Author(s): Snežana S. Baščarević / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2016

Small narratives denotes the short fiction of a special quality, that is a definite genre, which is characterized by brevity except some components in minimal space left maximum impact. In this paper, we moved from basic research hypotheses that slashed Kafkaesque story is characterized by strict composition, which gives way to a deliberate artistic incompleteness and uncertainty. The work is aimed to analytical and synthetic method and the philosophical and psychological approach to consider the phenomenon of Kafka’s small narratives that are not associated with the firm, closed form.

Комиссия эмигрантологии славян Международного комитета славистов

Author(s): Lucjan Suchanek / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2015

Конверзиите автор – читател (едно можно читање на есеистиката на Милан Кундера)

Author(s): Marija Gorgieva Dimova / Language(s): Macedonian / Publication Year: 0

The text is focused on essays of Milan Kundera, interpreted through their illustration regarding the author – reader conversion’s point of view. This conversion in Kundera’s essays has multiple demonstration: in the comments for himself as author/novelist, in the comments for himself as a reader not only of its own novels, but also as reader of other author’s novels, in the comparative analyses of specific texts, processes and topics that reveals his reading experience and contains wider implications regarding history and theory of the novel.

Концепт „спящий народ/спящий герой“ в чешской и польской культурах/литературах

Author(s): Dechka Chavdarova,Racho Chavdarov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2018

The concept of “dormant nation”, implying the connotation of “awakening”, is characteristic of the Еnlightenment era and actualises in a context of national or political slavery. In Slavic cultures, the concept becomes constant, its specifics linguistically expressed in the emergence of the word “buditel” (“one who awakens others”) – absent in other European languages. The „dormant nation“ concept links with that of the „dormant hero/leader“, ambiguous in a sense that it either keeps up the faith in liberation, or suggests problematism in the mission of nation-awakening. In the national mythology in Czech and Polish culture, an important place has the image of dormant knights from folklore, awaiting their time to lead off a battle for national liberation. ‘Dormant knights’ legends are a constant in these cultures, given they actively function at present. In Czech literature, in Ian Neruda’s work, the image of the dormant nation is interpreted in evangelical code, through the identification of the nation with the dormant child Jesus, the future Savior. In Polish literature, the image of the dormant national leader finds also a satirical depiction, in works by Jan Kochanowski, Wacław Potocki, Juliush Słowacki and Stanisław Wyspiański. The observations over texts of Czech and Polish culture suggest closeness, as well as specifics in the interpretation of the concept. A Bulgarian gaze would in turn catch the specifics of Bulgarian “dormant nation” concept (satirical depiction of the dormant nation of slaves, the motif of God’s sleep as an expression of the doubt in God’s justice).

Литературните направления на чешкия модернизъм – хомогенност и разнородност на художествените езици

Author(s): Ani Burova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 98/2013

The study analyzes the genesis of artistic trends in the context of the Czech literary modernism of the 90s of XIX century and the beginning of XX century. Their development is studied in chronological order and their characteristic artistic principles, poetics and dominant topics are explored. At the same time the paper thoroughly examines the artistic phenomena of modernism and studies the logic of their development. On the one hand the line of homogeneity of the poetics of modernism is brought out, and on the other hand, the controversies and tension characteristic of the Czech modernism at all stages of its development are studied.The study analyzes the genesis of artistic trends in the context of the Czech literary modernism of the 90s of XIX century and the beginning of XX century. Their development is studied in chronological order and their characteristic artistic principles, poetics and dominant topics are explored. At the same time the paper thoroughly examines the artistic phenomena of modernism and studies the logic of their development. On the one hand the line of homogeneity of the poetics of modernism is brought out, and on the other hand, the controversies and tension characteristic of the Czech modernism at all stages of its development are studied.

Масарик и чешская литература в Петербурге

Author(s): Danushe Kshicova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/1997

В середине ноября 1997 г. в Петербуге состоялось два интересных мероприятия: Международная конференция „Г. Г. Масарик и Россия“ (12-13 ноября 1997 г.), в организации которой приняли участие четыре общества(Институт Открытое общество, Общество братьев Чапек в С.-Петербурге, Ассоциация международного сотрудни¬ чества, С.-Петербургская ассоциация друзей Чехии и Словакии), и международная научная конференция „Взаимосвязи и взаимовлияние русской и европейских лите¬ р а т у р (13-15 ноября 1997 г.), организованная Санкт-Петербургским государственным университетом и Академией гуманитарных наук. Благодаря любезности Пражского и С.-Петербургского отделений Открытого общества и блестящей подготовке к конференции, посвященной Масарику, в ней могли принять участие пять докладчиков из Чешской Республики. Главным координатором этой конференции был известный богемист, председатель Общества братьев Чапек в С.-Петербурге, Олег Малевич. Конференция состоялась в Доме Общества дружбы и мира с народами зарубежных стран, расположенном в прекрасном здании бывшего Дворца Шуваловых на берегу Фонтанки в самом центре Петербурга. На таком же превосходном уровне проходила и вся конференция. На ее открытии и закрытии присутствовали чешский консул в С.- Петербурге г. Грушка с супругой, по приглашению которых в консульстве был устроен прием чешских участников. Конференцию посетили также петербургские гимназисты, Изучающие чешский язык. Они обратились к некоторым из докладчиков с просьбой посетить их школу. Во всем этом чувствуются хорошие традиции петербургской богемистики.

На путу за Константинопољ: чешки путописци на Балкану

Author(s): Aleksandra Korda-Petrović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 169/2019

The 17th-century Czech travelogues, written in Latin and Czech, by Václav Budovec of Budova (Anti-alkorаn, 1614), Václav Vratislav of Mitrovic (The Experiences of Václav Vratislav of Mitrovic, which he had in the Turkish capital Constantinople, encountered in his imprisonment in 1591 and recorded upon his happy return in 1599) and Heřman Černín z Chudenic (Diary of 1645) are testimonies of the beginnings of creating a stereotypical image of the Balkans, which the following Czech travel writers would adopt. As members of the Hungarian diplomatic missions, they recorded their adventures, impressions and thoughts in the form of religious polemics, adventure writings and diary entries. The lands, peoples and customs which these Czech travel writers encounter on their way to Constantinople are viewed as the province of the mighty Ottoman Empire, and the people living there are described as subjugated and “en-route”. The travel writers often do not make any ethnic differences and do not offer a broader picture of the regions they pass, but only describe what they see in the vicinity of the Trajan’s road. Their goal is Constantinople and they are focused on it. Their image of the Balkans, which they still do not name so, is blended into the image of the Ottoman Empire. The Turkish empire is presented as powerful, belligerent and dangerous. On his way to Constantinople the traveler encounters many dangers, he needs protection and escort, he could get ill or end up in prison. This is what gradually shapes a stereotype of the whole Balkan region which is experienced as the area characteristic for the Ottoman heritage. The 19th-century Czech travel writers, Vítězslav Hálek and Jan Neruda recorded their observations from their trip to Tsargrad much later than the first Czech travelers to Constantinople. The different historical circumstances changed the angle of their views of the Balkans and the form of their records itself had come a long way in the travel-writing genre development. Their travel feuilletons, however, follow the existing “mental maps” of the earlier travel writers and convey the picture of the Balkans as an exotic destination which they regard as a region where the European and Oriental cultures are intertwined and where the tradition of the Ottoman heritage is predominant.

Научная судьба Сергия Вилинского: самореализация ученого-эмигранта в чужой среде

Author(s): Ivo Pospíšil / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 92/2015

The article treats a question about a complex feature of a scientific situation in the Central Europe of the years 20–30 of the XX-th century, reflected in the activity of Russian formalists and Prague linguistic circle on a background of the independent circle in literary criticism researches of the intermilitary Czechoslovakia which generated “Russian-French-American coherenceˮ. The question is considered on the example of medievalist Sergii Vilinskii (who teached M. Bakhtin in due time), entered afterwards in the environment of Czech bohemists, special place in his scientific activity was intended for popularization of Russian classical literary heritage, especially works of M. Saltykov-Shchedrin. The given research rested on archival materials of Masaryk University in Brno. The unknown before details of his biography are considered: his way in science, begun in Odessa, continued in St.-Petersburg, completed in the Czech Republic. Change of a problematics of his researches which testifies to unconditional influence of life circumstances on scientific work, to the complexity of self-realization of a scientist in his new context. Unlike sociological critics or Russian radical positivists – from so-called revolutionary democrats – up to populists and the psychologists of literature following traditions of Alexander Potebnja, – Vilinsky follows the A. Veselovskyʼs line: i.e. the line of integration of comparativistics, historical poetics and a social background.

Нов, първи по рода си четириезичен тематичен речник

Крейчова, Е., Сталянова, Н. & Сорока, О. (2016). Кратък тематичен речник на българския, чешкия, полския и украинския език. София: Парадигма

Author(s): Ivan P. Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

О редакторской и авторской мистификациях: публикация романа Мы в «Воле России»

Author(s): Fjodor Vinokurov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 155/2016

Evgeny Zamiatin’s novel WE has a notable publishing history. In 1927 exile magazine “Volia Rossii” (Freedom of Russia) for the first time published in Russian “extracts” from the novel, which were pretended to be retranslation back into Russian from Czech newspaper version. For the effect of retranslation forced corruptions were carried in original Russian text. Literary editor Marc Slonim later stated that he was forced to use this subterfuge for author’s safety. According to Zamiatin’s version magazine made this publication without his permission and against his prohibition. In actual fact evidences of both sides are a mystification. Comparison of publication in magazine with typescript and lifetime published translations of the novel shows that it appears to be a magazine’s montage-version created by editorial board based on author’s manuscript with minimal use of translations, and amount of “editor’s corruptions” there is inappreciable.

От трансцедентната бездна към всемирния необят

Author(s): Zhorzheta Cholakova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The essay addresses the genesis and the basic evolutionary stages the artistic conceptualization of the image of the lake follows. The reflections I offer here stem from a wide-ranging study of different cultural and historical periods and national contexts. The diachronic plane of structural transformations is chartered from the lake’s earliest epistemological manifestations in the texts of Antiquity and the Bible to the Ro-mantic functionalization of the lake as an ontological and iconic sign of a holistic philosophical and aesthetic vision that connects into an intrinsic whole the world beyond with the natural world of perception. The mythological imaginings of the lake as an infernal topos were gradually replaced by new emerging worldviews reflecting the process of subjectivisation of nature -- both earthly and cosmic in the discourse of Romantic mythopoetics. In turn, this process was initially expressed though con-noting the lake with the idea of natural infiniteness and by associating it with larger aquatic spaces such as the sea and the ocean, but as a result of its melancholic resonances with the meditative auto-reflection of the Romantic subject the lake was structurally minimized and began to be identified with the inner space of the subjective world.

Патувањето и пишувањето во прозните дела на Петра Хулова

Author(s): Vladimir Martinovski / Language(s): Macedonian / Publication Year: 0

The Italian theoretician Domenico Nucera remarks that travel literature nowadays forms an important part of the international and intercultural communication. From this perspective, in our research we attempt to analyse the relationship between travel and writing—as well as the Czech and Macedonian literary traditions—in two segments of the prose opus of the Czech authoress Petra Hůlová (1979): 1) in the travel short stories ‘Brno’ and ‘Třetí oko’, related the authoress’ travel experiences in the cities of Brno and Skopje, published in the book Kde nejeste doma (2012), as well as 2) in the novel Pamĕť mojí babičce (2002), related to her travel experiences in faraway Mongolia. Hůlová’s novel has also been considered through several parallels with works from the contemporary Macedonian prose production (Petre M. Andreevski, Kica Kolbe, Jagoda Mihajlovska-Georgieva, Lidija Dimkovska, Rumena Bužarovska and Petar Andonovski).

По поводу третьего тома сочинения Т. Г. Масарика "Россия и Европа"

Author(s): Frantishek Kautman / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/1996

Томаш Гарик Масарик воспринимается в мире как символ демократии, гуманизма и борьбы за права малых наций и угнетенных граждан. В то же время его считают одним из зачинателей современных тенденций, направленных к европейской и мировой интеграции. Для чешского народа Масарик - завершитель национального возрождения в политической жизни, вместе с Эдуардом Бенешем и Миланом Ростиславом Штефаником он был главным организатором акций за границей во время первой мировой войны, которые вели к созданию самостоятельного чехословацкого государства. С 1918 и до 1935 года он был его президентом, в которого верило подавляющее большинство населения республики.

Поглед на савремену чешкословачку књижевност

Author(s): Jovan Kršić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 06-07/1934

Новија чешкословачка књижевност, у свом наглом развоју кроз цео Деветнаести Век и три деценије Двадесетога Века, показује две прилично јасно обележене оријентације: једну према Западној Европи, германској и романској; другу према Словенству и домаћој културној традицији. Опречност тих двеју оријентација, која се у чешкој књижевности оceћa веh од почетка 17. века - у сукобу између духа чешке Реформације и западне Ренесансе -, чини важну идејну базу новије чешкословачке књижевности.

Проявления на страшното в чешки и български фолклорни приказки

Author(s): Rosina Kokudeva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2020

This article aims to explore the manifestations of horror in Czech and Bulgarian folk tales. Various demonic characters, which are typical of Czech and Bulgarian folklore are compared, аnd the focus being placed on man’s encounter with the supernatural being and the fearful situation that it gives rise to. The function of the scary character in these plots is predominantly harmful and is built on the conflict between man and demon. The presence of the scary is universal and has its own peculiarities in the various folklore genres, and in fairy tales we can highlight the following functions: entertaining, ethical, pedagogical (didactic), therapeutic and cognitive.

Разказвачите Мирослав Кърлежа и Карел Чапек (кратък съпоставителен преглед на романите „Банкет в Блитва” и „Война със саламандрите”)

Author(s): Mariya Chorbadzhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

This paper provides a short review of the novels of Miroslav Krleža and Karel Čapek. The paper interprets the philosophical ideas in the novels Banquet in Blitva and War with Newts.

Расказите на Карел Чапек на македонски јазик

Author(s): Lidija Kapuševska Drakulevska / Language(s): Macedonian / Publication Year: 0

The Reception of Karel Čapek’s short stories in Macedonian starts with Vera Janeva-Stojanovich, the author of the only PhD dissertation dedicated to the great Czech and world-wide writer which is named: “Karel Čapek and expressionism” (Skopje, 1973). Čapek’s work is also translated on Macedonian by: Dimitar Dimitrov, Dime Mitrevski and the most by Professor Donka Rous. Although Čapek’s short stories are written a hundred years ago, they have lost nothing of theirs freshness; nowadays, they are still admirable with their great sort of humanism.

Репрезентација мушког и женског у Кафкиној приповеци Преображај

Author(s): Katarina N. Pantović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 19/2019

This paper's introduction aims to synthesise the basic theoretical assumptions regarding the representation of the masculinities and femininities in the prose work of Franz Kafka, which will be applied in the analysis of his story The Metamorphosis (1915). This topic in Kafka's work is particularly complex because the author combines different types of masculinities. Therefore his male protagonists (Gregor Samsa and his father) are not consistently dominant, i.e. weak, but the roles rotate and replace one another. Similar is the case with the female gender identities. Gregor’s sister, Greta, also undergoes a metamorphosis in the sense of position of power. The caring, loving sister transforms into a she-tyrant and a carrier of the traditional masculine traits. Ironically, she blossoms into a grown woman while her brother deteriorates – both physically and ontologically – and especially after his death. In that sense, Gregor's physical metamorphosis serves as a catalyst in the gender role rotation, predominantly in the brother-sister relation.

Родовото недоразбирање во „Погрешно разбрани зборови“ (третиот дел од Неподносливата леснотија на постоењето од Милан Кундера)

Author(s): Goce Smilevski / Language(s): Macedonian / Issue: 1/2003