М. Виденов. Увод в социолингвистиката
Review of: М. Виденов. Увод в социолингвистиката. Издателство ДЕЛФИ.София, 2000. 322 стр.
More...We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Review of: М. Виденов. Увод в социолингвистиката. Издателство ДЕЛФИ.София, 2000. 322 стр.
More...
The aim of this paper is to decide, whether the so-called grammatical balkanisms can be acknowledged as balkanisms. Traditionally, the features like: loss of the declension, a veiy rich temporal system, loss of the infinitive, the post-positive determiner, the so-called uyer” vowel, the future tense created by the auxiliary with the meaning ‘velle’ are regarded as balkanisms. Sometimes other features, like the conditional mood of the “Balkan” type are regarded as balkanisms. The following languages were acknowledged as “Balkan”: Bulgarian, Macedonian, Romanian, Modern Greek, Albanian and sometimes Serbo-Croatian. Nevertheless, having studied these problems on the Indo-European background it is possible to assert that the so-called grammatical balkanisms are not really balkanisms, because the majority of these features are known in other Indo-European languages, especially the loss of the declension and the veiy rich temporal system. Other “Balkan” features, like loss of the infinitive, the future tense created by the auxiliary with the meaning 'velle ’ and the conditional mood of the “Balkan ” type are known in English. Even the post positive determiner is known beyond the Balkan Peninsula, namely in the Northern Germanic (Scandinavian) languages: Norwegian and Swedish. The second problem is that the so-called “Balkan” features are met in Balkan languages with no equal intensitivity, for instance: total loss of the declension in Bulgarian and Macedonian, partial loss of the declension in Romanian and a reduction by one case in Modern Greek (from 4 cases to 3) and Albanian (to 5 cases). Summing up, I can assert that the grammatical criteria for determination of the Balkan league are not appropriate and the lexical criteria are better, because there are a lot of lexical items, which are known only in Balkan languages. Moreover, these lexical items are usually known in all Balkan languages. Using the lexical criteria we can regard Serbo/Croatian as a Balkan language.
More...
Review of: Кр. Алексова. Езикът и семейството. София, Интервю прес, 2000. 221 стр.
More...
Review of: Языковое сознание: формирование и функционирование. Сборник статей (отв. ред. Н. В. Уфимцева). Москва, 1998. 256 стр.
More...
Review of: Языковое сознание: содержание и функционирование. XIII Международный симпозиум по психолингвистике и теории коммуникации. Тезисы докладов. Москва, 1-3 июня 2000 г. (ред. Е. Ф. Тарасов), 2000. 288 стр.
More...
Review of: Izbrane študije Vatroslava Kaleniča. (Urednici: Vesna Požgaj Hadži, Marija Smolić). Ljubljana, Oddelek za slovanske jezike in književnosti, Filozofska fakulteta v Ljubljani, 2001, 227 p.
More...
Aim. The aim of the article is to reveal gender realisation peculiarities in English and German advertising texts. The concept of the research work is focused on the idea that representatives of different languages and cultures make unique world environment. The work proves the concept validity of the unique language nature in the distinctive idea of its cognitive base formed by an ethnic group. Methods. The concepts of universality and uniqueness of the linguistic and cultural features of gender perception are revealed using the methods of analysis and generalisation. Results. The result of the research work is in the necessity for advertising texts to have special gender language markers which are the kind of signal influencing the conscience of men and women while making purchases. The authors stress that social characteristics of men and women, such as age, social or family status expressed in the form of various degrees of comparison of adjectives are used mainly in English magazines; while German advertising texts put the use of adjectives and articles on the first place. Advertising for women have the set of a special expressive and emotional language tools complex while for men the use of vocabulary stressing the main type of activity of a man - energy is of the top priority. Conclusion. The research work presents cognitive value in theory and practical recommendations to gender linguistics specialising in advertising texts structure illustrating peculiar features of men and women as consumers being influenced by language, cultural, psychological characteristics.
More...
The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the linguistic landscape of two towns located on the Polish-Czech border: Kudowa Zdrój and Náchod. Their location makes it possible to attempt a comparative observation of how two levels of the linguistic landscape are created: top-down and bottom-up. It also gives the opportunity to analyze the behavior of the residents themselves and their attitude towards the neighbor’s language. The article also highlights which communication strategy is more attractive for both nations – whether communication is heading towards general globalization nowadays, and the dominant language is becoming lingua franca – English, or whether borderline influences the development of receptive multilingualism (lingua receptiva).
More...
This paper focuses on the use of diminutives in Polish to express irony. The phenomenon is analyzed from the perspective of morphopragmatics (Dressler, Merlini Barbaresi 1994; Merlini Barbaresi 2015; Nagórko 2015) and reports on the results of a small-scale informant-based study, in which twelve respondents described their evaluation of the pragmatic meaning contributed by diminutives in three naturally-occurring spoken sentences. In most cases, there was a negative reaction to the diminutives as it was considered they represent an arrogant type of irony.
More...
The aim of the article is to present the various functions of the jargon of nurses. The material being the basis for the research was obtained from surveys and numerous interviews, which allowed me to examine the language awareness of nurses working in selected hospitals in the Mazowieckie voivodship (Warsaw, Mińsk Mazowiecki, Wołomin, Siedlce, Płock). The formal analysis of the jargon has shown that the vocational lexis of Polish nurses is formed by means of two types of derivation: semantic (metaphor and metonymy), e.g. pig (świnia) ‘portable device for disinfecting rooms using the fogging method’, small butterfly (motylek) ‘type of intravenous cannula’), and morphological (affix derivative, retrograde derivative), e.g. wanko ‘vancomycin’; zarurować pacjenta ‘intubate the patient’.On the basis of the professional lexical resource, it can be concluded that the most important for the studied professional group are activities strictly related to the course of treatment of patients ‘diseases, and the very specificity of individual hospital wards, equipped with characteristic medical equipment, e.g. washing machine (pralka) ‘dialysis machine’, bill of lading (list przewozowy) ‘order for additional examinations’, bocian (stork) ‘suture scissors’, odkurzacz (vacuum cleaner)‘obstetric vacuum’.Professional jargons allow for effective and efficient communication. Nurses use them to save time when communicating with colleagues at work, e.g. hepa ‘heparin’, tromba ‘thrombapheresis’, SN (Single-Needle) ‘single needle dialysis’. The professional vocabulary of the group in question also plays an expressive role, which is particularly important in medical professions associated with contact with death, in life-threatening situations, e.g. deckchair ‘lying patient’, going for parts ‘the deceased subjected to transplantation procedures’, paratrooper ’patient admitted under the urgent procedure’. Environmental vocabulary is most often used during informal conversations with colleagues and during professional activities.
More...
One of the factors affecting the quality of intercultural communication is the correct transmission of the information and semantic component of the codes that implement the model of culture. Coming into contact with the codes of a foreign culture through the language, the communicant involuntarily makes mistakes when the codes are transformed into the system of codes of their own culture. As a result of this, there is a misunderstanding, and often a misunderstanding of cultural meanings, which leads to a certain conflict - hidden or explicit - in intercultural communication. We have singled out several such errors that have occurred occur during the transfer of information and its transformation - this is a code perception error, a decoding error, a mismatch error, a linking error resulting from a transient error, a replication error, and a transposition error with a violation of semantic integrity. All these errors occur in the individual cognitive system as a result of insufficient knowledge and understanding of a foreign culture and as a result of a discrepancy between the system of codes of one culture and the system of codes of another culture.
More...
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has affected various aspects of social and economic life: daily routine, work, education, interpersonal and media communication. It had an impact on language as well; the terms which had rarely been used before have emerged (pandemic, quarantine, epidemiological threat, antivaxer) along with numerous pandemic-related neologisms, mainly compounds (coronaparty, coronavacation, antimasker, Covidian, Covidiot). These phenomena and language changes are global in nature, as is the pandemic. The two languages, Polish and Croatian, were chosen for the sake of comparative analysis. The aim was to showcase the mechanisms of the so-called coronalanguage (Pol. koronajęzyk, Cro. koronagovor/koronarazgovor) as a new phenomenon in social communication and discuss interlanguage similarities and differences. In the article, technical terminology and colloquialpandemic-related terms present in Polish and Croatian media discourse have been compared.
More...
The Internet changes not only human language and communication behaviour but also allows new forms and text genres to appear. Their development is often determined by the factors which did not exist before or were insignificant for traditional oral and written discourse. Consequently, researching pragmatic aspects of computer-mediated communication requires an interdisciplinary approach that considers linguistic, psychological, and technological knowledge. This is the case of clickbait, i.e., content whose primary purpose is to attract attention and encourage visitors to click on a particular web page. This paper shows how it works in the Internet environment and explains the use of linguistic strategies in the context of UX design research and the psychological phenomenon of the curiosity gap (Loewenstein, 1994). It also considers the problem of tabloidization of the new media.
More...
The aim of this paper is to explore Albanian social media discussion threads, prioritizing the way women are portrayed. The development of social media discourse has been empowered through the increasing influence of digital media, permeating all areas of life recently. ‘Privacy is no longer a social norm’, and intentional abuse of media-derived power has led to malicious intentions infiltrating online social media discourse, threatening loyal and straightforward communication, and giving rise to denigration, negativity, and dismay. Based on the current view of scholars in the field of language and digital communication that text-based studies need to move forward by incorporating other modes of communication and the fact that all human communication is, after all, multimodal, we intend to bring examples to illustrate the choice of language and images by Albanians in online social media in reaction to current popular events. The common thread that unites all examples is related to the depiction of females, unfortunately, in derogatory terms, and gendered culpability. It is hoped that the paper will raise awareness about such dominating problematic approaches toward females in Albania, as manifested in the language used.
More...
The article focuses on the deployment of hypothetical talk in the CANBEC and CCI cor- pora of business meetings and examines its use as a discursive tool for communicating stance in encounters where participants represent (potentially) incompatible positions. Through the use of hypothetical talk, interactants signal the potential for agreement and resolution by testing the other participants’ position and their preparedness to shift their view. It is argued that although talk introduced to the meeting may be hypothetical, the stance communicated is real. The analysis provides insights into actions applied to re- solve impasse or conflict situations, particularly through the rhetorical move of formu- lating. Formulating aims to resolve or summarize talk at a particular instance in time. The act of formulating requires an evaluative step on the part of the participants in order to consider their contributions or their opposition to the formulation. It is, therefore, of interest to examine how talk that is known to be hypothetical – hence essentially unreal, speculative, potentially untrue or even counterfactual – can be allowed to feature in meetings discourse and to influence a meeting’s outcome. Two theoretical models were applied to understand this – Du Bois’s (2007) “stance triangle” and Hunston’s (1989, 1994, 2011) three functions of evaluation. These offered a new perspective on the role of hypothetical talk in business meetings, where, as the results demonstrate, hypotheticaltalk is used to signal stance, test that of the other participants, and advance the speakers’ goals. By integrating the two models and applying them in order to understand how hypothetical talk is formulated in business meetings, it was possible to conceptualize the process through which meeting participants evaluate and act upon talk, by making “real life decisions” upon information which has initially been introduced to the meet- ing as hypothetical.
More...