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Review of: Языковое сознание: формирование и функционирование. Сборник статей (отв. ред. Н. В. Уфимцева). Москва, 1998. 256 стр.
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Review of: Языковое сознание: содержание и функционирование. XIII Международный симпозиум по психолингвистике и теории коммуникации. Тезисы докладов. Москва, 1-3 июня 2000 г. (ред. Е. Ф. Тарасов), 2000. 288 стр.
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Our contemporary society, within the context of one unprecedent technological development and digitalization, caught in the hurricane of all kind of transformations and challenges, especially regarding the new means of communications and human interactions, until the most personal and intimate level, is forced in a certain way to adapt itself ongoing. Though, the new media and the efficient communications methods have conducted to the development of some new original ways of expressing messages in order to reach the targeted audience, for every passionate youngster, but also for professionals. Vlogs, podcasts, media applications are new means of communication towards which are going the most flexible and oriented media professionals, encouraged by the success of these youngsters whom, at the beginning, have developed this kind of communication for entertaining themselves and their friends, and also by the new perspectives and opportunities of creating one specialized audience and advertising income within the pandemic and kind of forced digitalization context.
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Review of: А. В. Кинцель. Экспериментальное исследование эмоциональносмысловой доминанты как текстообразующего фактора. Барнаул, Издательство АГУ, 2000, 152 стр.
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Review of: В. Попова. Психолингвистика на развитието. Когнитивни аспекти на синтактичната компетенция. Шумен, Университетско издателство „Епископ Константин Преславски“, 2000, 129 стр.
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Bilinguality is a phenomenon frequently encountered in all European countries, including Romania. The various definitions given to bilinguality might require a description of the forms of bilinguality as well as an analysis of their effect upon intellectual functions and the display of several occurrences of bilinguality. But, even more important than such theoretical approaches, bilinguality might be the answer to language identity and unity in Europe. On the one hand, it enables the emphasizing of the cultural origins representing the identity of the nations and, on the other one, it is a carrier of a language unity that, nonetheless, does not call off national identity.
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Scientific research demonstrates a syncretic combination of the theory of different scientific directions, so it represents new knowledge and is relevant. Its purpose is to show the possibilities of the syncretic description of language personality within linguopersonology, psycholinguistics and the theory of discursive words, demonstrating the potential of linguistic means to detect the psychotype of a linguoperson (extroverted, introverted or ambiverted). To determine the nature of the psychotype of a linguoperson, it is advisable to conduct aspectual research to identify the features of the functional load of certain classes of words. We try to actualise grammatical numeral forms as representatives of the discursive words, which, functioning in Lina Kostenko’s poetic discourse, change their grammatical affiliation and show a powerful semantic, pragmatic and attractive potential, proving that Lina Kostenko belongs to the introvert psychotype. The peculiarities of the use of the numeral and its forms, the advantage in the use of its lexical and grammatical categories and categories of structure are the convincing argument that allows us to separate introverts from extroverts. Such an approach has a research perspective regarding the use of the proposed methodology for updating other classes of discursive words.
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The present paper deals with the relationship between language, emotion and metaphor, theoretically and based on sets of examples. Firstly, I am going to discuss how emotions shape the language we use (based on the works of Fiehler 1990, Schwarz-Friesel 2007, Ortner 2014 and Ebert/Gruber/Meisnitzer/Rettinger (eds.) 2011) and what the role of metaphors in descriptions of emotions is (based on the theory of Lakoff and Johnson 1980, Kövecses 1999). Secondly, using examples from the press I am going to show how the emotions of i.a. rage, irritation or frustration can be made verbal in a metaphorical sense. For this purpose, German metaphorical expressions with the noun Ventil ‘valve’ will be examined. I am using a descriptive-interpretive approach in my analysis.
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The article summarizes the current state of understanding of the concept of inner speech and evaluates the role of the internal language in the speech generation process. First, the available definitions of inner speech are presented and its features are briefly characterised. Subsequently, the inner voice is compared to overt speech and the main differences between those two planes of speech: the internal and the external one are outlined. Since the aim of the paper is to show the role of inner speech in overt speech production, a speech generation model which coalesces Levelt‘s (1993) assumptions with the stratificational approach to language is presented. Different stages of linguistic processing are described and the impact of internal languaging on linguistic output is discussed. It is claimed that inner speech plays a threefold role in overt speech production: (1) provides an internal draft for external speech, (2) is vital for the self-monitoring system, and (3) supports working memory. Any impairment in the functioning of inner speech may thus lead to speech errors and slips of the tongue phenomena.
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The article outlines theoretical and methodological foundations for empirical research of word associations in the development of mental lexicon organization in preschool-aged child. During the research, we have collected free verbal associations by using a specific research tool developed from the research method known as the association experiment. The findings indicate a major increase in production frequency of paradigmatic associations at the turn of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th year of age in preschool-aged children. Subsequently, a rising tendency of producing paradigmatic associations is documented in 6-year-old children. The outcomes of the research point out at some developmental tendencies in cognitive structures in the process of word-meaning acquisition and conceptual categorization in preschool age. This study is a part of a more extensive research in the dissertation aimed at exploring acquisition of word meaning in pre-school age child.
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The article introduces and discusses a systematic analysis of the discursive presence of digital technology (e.g., computer programs) in research articles (RAs) in psycholinguistics published in a peer-reviewed journal of psycholinguistics from 2014 to 2022. The corpus was examined for the discursive presence of digital technology and its relation to psycholinguistic research topics. Additionally, the corpus was processed in AntConc (Anthony 2022) in order to identify the frequency of lexical items associated with the discursive presence of digital technology. The results of the systematic analysis yielded the following findings: the presence of digital technology was manifested, predominantly, by software programs, as well as digital artefacts that were localised in the Results and Discussion sections of RAs, whilst the discursive presence of hardware was less frequent in the corpus. The findings were further discussed in the article.
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The article deals with the lexical-grammatical nature of half-predicative appositive units as idiolect markers of Ukrainian literature of the late 20th - early 21st centuries, and the type of semantic-syntactic connection between the identified component of the separated substantive unit and the appositive unit. One-word half-predicative units have been described in relation to the signified component in terms of semantic and grammatical indices; phrasal, coordinating series and sub-appositive separated components have been analyzed by the nature of the morphological expression of an appositive unit. In addition, the models of half-predicative appositive units have been described by the valency of the appositive unit with the attributive syntaxemes. The research has proved grammatical interdependence between the identified component and the half-predicative appositive unit, which is manifested in the literary context. All selected examples to designate the denotative field “man” are composed by continuous writing out, which testifies their frequency and idiolectivity.
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Based on the toponymically diverse 97-unit collection of proper names from Šeimyniškėliai village (Anykščiai district, Utena county) found in the Land Names Questionnaire (1935), a complex analysis of onyms collected from the spoken language in the area of the settlement was conducted and is presented in the article. The extralinguistic information on the structure of the settlement and the elements of its landscape collected from the informants in the course of the interview and recorded in the standardized sheets of the questionnaire, also the remarks based on the experience of local residents and the encyclopedic data on the region and its territorial markers Šeimyniškėliai hillfort (Vóruta), Šeimyniškėliai ancient burial site Kapanica, Šeimyniškiai village, the Šventóji River basin rivers Elmė and Võlupis, the nomenclature system of the linear objects, i.e. roads, (by)streets, otherwise known as ūlytėlės, of the so called linear village typical of Aukštaitija region, enabled us to take a glimpse at the space of the inhabited settlement from both “the inside” (the position of the informant) and from “the outside”, i.e., to evaluate place names from a linguistic perspective and to reconstruct a coherent identity of the area and its names, to interpret the content of the space-time expressed in the spoken language of the representatives of the linguistic community, their tentative priorities, and communicative guidelines.
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The article compares the categories of draugiškai (friendly) and priešiškai (hostile) associated with the worldview of the Lithuanian language. Using the analysis of the combinations of the adverbs draugiškai and priešiškai and the verbs of various semantics, the aim is to reveal the situations the understanding of which requires the analogy with friends and enemies in the worldview of the Lithuanian language. Attention is focused on how the worldview of the language captures the possibility of conveying a friendly or hostile relationship and through which senses such a relationship is perceived based on the logic of naïve psychology. The statements of the article are based on the analysis of examples from the Corpus of Contemporary Lithuanian Language compiled at the Centre of Computational Linguistics of Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas. This study not only provides information about the content of the categories of friendliness and hostility, but also adds to what is already known about the particularities of the perception of FRIEND and ENEMY in the worldview of the Lithuanian language.
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The aim of this paper is to compare the associative networks of Serbian and English majors to determine possible links between the advanced study of EFL in an academic setting and the conceptualization of select monosemic recent nominal Anglicisms in Serbian. The study included an online questionnaire consisting of 80 stimuli, being 40 pairs of recent nominal Anglicisms and their Serbian equivalents, which were distributed to 100 respondents. The questionnaire required free and discrete associations. The results indicated a strong tendency of English language majors towards synonyms as responses to the Anglicisms, confirming existing claims that EFL proficiency leads to their more frequent occurrence. The English majors also showed a prevalence of hyponyms as lexemes with a more specific meaning as responses to the Anglicisms, as opposed to the Serbian majors, who opted for hypernyms. A diverse range of encyclopedic responses and hapax legomena were noted for the English majors, while an increased occurrence of no responses was noted for the Serbian majors. These findings support the existing claim that fewer responses are usually provided for L2 cues when compared to L1 cues. They further tie in with the conclusion that EFL proficiency is a key component in Word Association Tasks (WATs). Our analysis of prototypes and Idealized Cognitive Models (ICMs) as stable and abstract representations of our non-linguistic knowledge, identified among the associative responses, also proved that the types of responses of the English majors differ from those of the Serbian majors, in that the former opted for more specific and precise meanings in their descriptions of the select Anglicisms.
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Language disorder is one of the most common childhood problems. The results of epidemiology studies are estimating that 1 in 12 preschoolers has a language disorder. The consequences of unresolved speech and language problems are significant and lead over time to behavioral disorders, mental health problems, reading difficulties, and school failure, including truancy and school dropout. Hence, we consider imperative raising awareness of this issue in the educational environment. Several studies reported an increased prevalence of social and emotional problems among children with written or spoken language disorders. Furthermore, a large body of research has demonstrated positive effects of school interventions in developing resilience strategies among children with language disorders. Accordingly, based on the results of previously conducted research of language disorders, this article presents a brief review of frequently associated social, emotional, and behavioral problems and reviews particular aspects of school interventions, which may contribute to students’ socio-emotional resilience.
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The therapeutic relationship holds an important role in the therapeutic process and has been a highly researched topic in fields such as medicine, psychotherapy, counselling or physiotherapy. More recently, the research has also focused on the therapeutic relationship in the field of speech and language therapy, presenting one of the influential factors from both a clinical and an interpersonal perspective. Considering these aspects, the present paper aims to examine the influence of the speech therapist’s empathy and the quality of the relationship with the beneficiary in relation with the efficacy in the therapeutic process. Two case studies are presented to illustrate the ability of the speech therapists to create a therapeutic relationship based on their level of empathy, that supports the children and their engagement in the rehabilitation process, an open communication, along with the therapists’ perceptions on the child’s conflict and dependency.
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The notion of module and modularity, used frequently in contemporary academic discourse that is related to linguistic representation and language processing, is rather broad. In this paper, an attempt has been made to differentiate between various views on modularity, and to answer the following questions: What is a module? How can we identify cognitive modules and establish their functional interrelations? What problems might arise from assuming the existence of the modularity of mental representations, without simultaneously accepting the modularity of their processing?
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