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Za i przeciw społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu

Za i przeciw społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu

Author(s): Katarzyna Kopeć / Language(s): Polish Issue: 108/2016

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is commonly accepted among managers and sought after by wide circles of stakeholders. Literature describes almost every aspect of CSR in a very detailed way. However, a thorough analysis of this theme, including a balanced examination of positive and negative elements which determine CSR activities, is hardly researched at all. There is a dominance of an enthusiastic view on CSR, which usually idealizes this type of activity from one perspective. This approach is based on a priori assumption that CSR unquestionably means positive effects for enterprises and also for its external environment. The paper's aim is to draw attention to the pros and cons of CSR in a possibly consistent and synthetic way. It presents an extensive spectrum of motives to carry out CSR activity in enterprises. The article refers to critical views on CSR as well as shows arguments in favour of the effectiveness of the CSR activity. Społeczna odpowiedzialność biznesu (CSR) jest podejściem niezwykle popularnym wśród menedżerów i pożądanym przez szerokie grupy interesariuszy. Literatura przedmiotu obficie opisuje każdy aspekt CSR, jednak nieczęsto spotkać można rzetelne ujęcie tej problematyki oparte na zrównoważonej analizie pozytywnych i negatywnych elementów warunkujących realizację działań CSR. Dominuje entuzjastyczne spojrzenie na CSR, jednostronnie idealizujące tego typu podejście, zakładające a priori istnienie jednoznacznie pozytywnych efektów zarówno dla przedsiębiorstwa, jak i dla jego otoczenia zewnętrznego. Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi - w sposób możliwie równomierny i syntetyczny - na argumenty "za" i "przeciw" podejmowaniu działań CSR przez firmy, a więc przedstawienie pełnego spektrum motywów realizowania takiej działalności. Studium przytacza podnoszone już wcześniej w literaturze głosy krytyczne odnośnie do społecznej odpowiedzialności, jak i punktuje argumenty, które w literaturze stanowiły podstawę do twierdzenia o efektywności działań społecznie odpowiedzialnych.

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Krajowy System Ratowniczo-Gaśniczy (KSRG): teraźniejszość i przyszłość systemu zarządzania ochroną i ratownictwem ludności w Polsce

Krajowy System Ratowniczo-Gaśniczy (KSRG): teraźniejszość i przyszłość systemu zarządzania ochroną i ratownictwem ludności w Polsce

Author(s): Andrzej Celiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 109/2016

This article presents The National Firefighting and Rescue System (NFRS), which implements in Poland, tasks in rescue service, organization and management. Based on the twenty years of experience, the belief has been established that in order to ensure the safety and protection of the population in the case of natural disasters or technical failures, the integrated solutions are the only effective form of risk prevention. To demonstrate the functionality of NFRS as part of the security system of the state in the area of rescue and civil protection, in the article has been made a general analysis of the system in 20 years, and presented the thesis that the continuous development of civilization and the consequent new and changing threats, causing a continuing need of improving rescue systems in Poland. The approach to the tasks of civil protection must evaluate, which has a beneficial effect on the rescue system, and the solutions adopted for rescue are effective and widely acceptable by Polish society. It is also essential considering how to present reality to link actions NFRS the designed system in Poland to protect the population. It should be noted that for several years the development of the NFRS is aimed at protecting the population, not only in the areas of rescue, so there is no logical justification for creating and maintaining an armchair formation of Civil Defense, since NFRS can fulfill the tasks assigned to these formations.

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"ŁAD POSTLIZBOŃSKI" W EUROPIE

"ŁAD POSTLIZBOŃSKI" W EUROPIE

Author(s): Piotr Nowak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

The author of the article puts forward a thesis that the period in the international relations that came after the Cold War has already been completed and we are now in another one, to which he gives the name of the Post-Lisbon order. So far, in the discourse on the international relations it is called the post-Cold War order, without a clear distinction of its timeframe. The author, who presents a theoretical introduction of the definition of the international order which he perceives as a way of determining the relationship between international actors, who also presents the most important provisions of the Treaty of Lisbon and the New NATO Strategic Concept (adopted in Lisbon), called the new period a post-Lisbon order. By analyzing the presented problems the article constitutes an attempt to prove the thesis which was put forward at the beginning.

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MODERNIZACJA TECHNICZNA W SIŁACH ZBROJNYCH RZECZPOSPOLITEJ POLSKIEJ I W SIŁACH ZBROJNYCH FEDERACJI ROSYJSKIEJ – WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA

MODERNIZACJA TECHNICZNA W SIŁACH ZBROJNYCH RZECZPOSPOLITEJ POLSKIEJ I W SIŁACH ZBROJNYCH FEDERACJI ROSYJSKIEJ – WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA

Author(s): Damian Jasiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The article presents the problem of technical modernization in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In both countries, for more than ten years, one can notice increased efforts to improve the functioning of the armed forces and the increase in the amount of modern weapons. The intensification of works and activities in the above-mentioned area was affected by a number of important factors that significantly increased the speed of arms replacement processes. The article introduces the process of implementation of Plans for Technical Modernization of the Armed Forces, their assumptions and evaluation of performance in Poland and the Russian Federation. Moreover, the most important reforms aimed at improving the functioning of the armed forces and the systematic introduction of modern systems into the armaments were presented. The most important and the most interesting constructions from the point of view of national defense were characterized.

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Regression and correlation analysis of labour and resource productivity indicators compared within the V4 countries

Regression and correlation analysis of labour and resource productivity indicators compared within the V4 countries

Author(s): Eva Jílková,Veronika Říhová / Language(s): English Issue: 115/2017

The paper is focused on the evaluation of labour and resource productivity compared within the Visegrad countries in the time period 2010 – 2015. The aim of the paper is to identify certain relations and connections between the indicators of labour and material resource productivity and compare the V4 countries from the perspective of these indices. The authors use the methods of the correlation and regression analysis and development trends.

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«УМНЫЕ МАШИНЫ» – ВЫЗОВ ДЛЯ ЭТИКИ И ЮРИСПРУДЕНЦИИ

«УМНЫЕ МАШИНЫ» – ВЫЗОВ ДЛЯ ЭТИКИ И ЮРИСПРУДЕНЦИИ

Author(s): Anton Vasilev,Olga Vasileva,Dariusz Szpoper / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2018

The article deals with the legal aspects of the use of artificial intelligence technology. The authors emphasise a low level of normative regulations which concern the use of artificial intelligence in Russia, taking into account the active and widespread application of this technology in various spheres of life. Developments in the field of artificial intelligence raise very seriousethical and legal issues. Among legal issues, such as the nature of artificial intelligence, the existence of a legal personality, the problem of liability for damage caused by artificial intelligence, the impact on the legal profession, etc., need to be considered. Particular attention is paid to the need to develop a legal concept of artificial intelligence in order to build an effective model of legal regulation. The article analyzes the attempts to define artificial intelligence in specialist and legal literature. The use of such concepts as neural networks, machine learning, super intelligence, supercomputers is underlined. Single attempts to develop legal definitions in South Korea and the European Union are also mentioned. Following the results of the research, the authors proposed the following features of artificial intelligence: the existence of a technical device or cyberphysical system; ability to receive, process and transfer information; ability to work autonomously; self-learning based on the analysis of information and experience; self-awareness; thinking and the ability to make independent decisions.

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ZAKŁAD STWARZAJĄCY ZAGROŻENIE WYSTĄPIENIA POWAŻNEJ AWARII PRZEMYSŁOWEJ NA PRZYKŁADZIE POLPHARMA S.A. W STAROGARDZIE GDAŃSKIM

ZAKŁAD STWARZAJĄCY ZAGROŻENIE WYSTĄPIENIA POWAŻNEJ AWARII PRZEMYSŁOWEJ NA PRZYKŁADZIE POLPHARMA S.A. W STAROGARDZIE GDAŃSKIM

Author(s): Grzegorz Pietrek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

The industrial serious failure causes huge losses within the natural environment and the life of people and animals. The city of Starogard Gdański, in which the Pharmaceutical Plant Polpharma S.A. is located must put great emphasis on well-trained services of the city and the system of the crisis management. It is necessary because it is a plant classified as a high risk of a serious industrial failure and the production technology is mainly based on the use of dangerous substances. Therefore, it is worth considering the question of the extent the services and the crisis management system of the city of Starogard Gdański are prepared in serious accident in Polpharma S. A.

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GREMIUM „ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCI” I „WPŁYWU” – RADA BEZPIECZEŃSTWA ONZ W POLITYCE ZAGRANICZNEJ FEDERACJI ROSYJSKIEJ

GREMIUM „ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCI” I „WPŁYWU” – RADA BEZPIECZEŃSTWA ONZ W POLITYCE ZAGRANICZNEJ FEDERACJI ROSYJSKIEJ

Author(s): Damian Jarnicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

The United Nations can be a proof of the integration capacity of humanity but at the same time a mirror of vertical and horizontal problems. It is a sensitive organization for the global collective security system, which is often subject to criticism. It results from the critics' failure to fulfill their universal destiny, especially in the existential issue of security. The reasons for the alleged UN indolence should be seen in the structural and functional aspects of its organization and procedure. An important issue implicating a certainUN condition is a kind of dualism of provenance of the organization's destiny, based on one hand on responsibility for the fate of the world, on the other hand the tendency to influence its fate by the main states of the so-called "five" of the UN Security Council. In the context of the above observations, the specifics of the presence of the Russian Federation as one of the playmakers will be analyzed.

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CHALLENGES FOR THE LAND CORRIDORS OF THE ‘ONE BELT, ONE ROAD’ PROJECT

CHALLENGES FOR THE LAND CORRIDORS OF THE ‘ONE BELT, ONE ROAD’ PROJECT

Author(s): Zdzisław Śliwa / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The paper aims to analyse the status and challenges related to the land corridors of the visionary ‘One Belt, One Road’ concept promoted by China. Its importance is connected with the global reach creating enormous opportunities for involved nations, and the thesis is that it will continue although there are significant obstacles to specific land corridors. The paper utilises qualitative research based on official documents and data related to the project applying analysis, critical synthesis, desk research, and comparative studies methods. Quantitative data are used only for case studies. The paper will allow comprehending the respective corridors and the whole project concerning security and corresponding nations’ interests.

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ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ В СИСТЕМЕ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РФ

ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ В СИСТЕМЕ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РФ

Author(s): Tatyana Plotnikova,Vadim Kharin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

Food is a vital element of the functioning of society. Without food, humans, as a species, simply cannot exist. Ensuring food security of the country is one of the priority directions of state economic policy, the most important factor in the economic security of the nation, one of the main tasks of governmental bodies. The article analyzes the conceptual regulation of the term “food security”. Food security is an important component of the security system of Russia. By ensuring the food security, the inviolability of the state and its sovereignty are ensured, the demographic situation, the socio-economic provisions of the population are maintained, the necessary and sufficient conditions are formed to maintain the health and quality of life of citizens of the Russian Federation. Within the framework of the article, the main directions of ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation and their implementation are considered.

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Climate variability and sesame production in the rural community of Bérégadougou, Burkina Faso

Author(s): Salifou Sanogo,Bienvenue Lawankiléa Chantal Noumpoa Karambiri,Mahamoudou Badini,Isidore Pawendkisgou Yanogo / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In Burkina Faso, sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is the second most important export crop after cotton. In the rural commune of Bérégadougou, it is the second most important cash crop after groundnuts. This oilseed is essentially a rainfed crop and is there-fore largely dependent on rainfall. The aim of this article is to analyze sesame production in a context of climatic variability. To achieve this, the research methodology is based on a global geographical approach that integrates meteorological data (1991-2021), climatic parameters and fieldwork. The results show a rainfall pattern with a rainy season (May to October) and a dry season (November to April). Inter-annual rainfall trends over the analysis period show that rainfall is always above 500mm, whatever the year. Similarly, whatever the year, the average temperature is always above 27°C. These variations in rainfall and temperature have no impact on sesame production. Family farmers also gave 92% of their produce as evidence of their acceptance of climatic variability.

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SKUTECZNOŚĆ PORTFELA INNOWACJI W POLSKICH PRZEDSIĘBIORSTWACH – WYNIKI BADAŃ

Author(s): Jolanta Jurczak / Language(s): English Issue: 134/2023

A single innovation project has a low probability of success, while the company’s chances of gaining a competitive advantage are low. Only a properly diversified innovation portfolio gives a chance for market success. The aim of the article is to analyze the issue of the effectiveness of innovation portfolio management in Polish enterprises, due to various external and internal factors, and also to identify clues determining the success of the innovation portfolio among enterprises in the future. For this purpose, a literature review in the area of the innovation portfolio was conducted. Also the method of analysis and criticism of the literature was applied. In the research process, empirical articles and Statistics Poland reports were analyzed. As a result of the analyses, effective ways to build innovation portfolio efficiency were identified by pointing out factors that can contribute to key optimization decisions (e.g., proper planning and diversification of the innovation project portfolio). Enterprises, in order to achieve innovation portfolio efficiency in difficult market conditions, should reallocate their resources to less risky innovation projects, and at the same time accepting the risks associated with introducing a transformational innovation.

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Digital twin dialogues on regional development - an interpretative text conversation between humans and chatbots

Digital twin dialogues on regional development - an interpretative text conversation between humans and chatbots

Author(s): Peter NIJKAMP,Karima KOURTIT / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This paper presents a controlled AI-experiment investigating text interpretation in thecontext of the regional development literature. With the rapid advancement of digitaltechnology applications, text interpretation and generation have become increasinglyprevalent, offering profound implications for scientific research in the social sciences,including regional science. Our study seeks to explore commonalities and disparities intextual summaries of previously published material in the domain of the regionaldevelopment literature, employing a trial study approach on a given recent publicationon regional competitiveness so as to compare human-made and machine-made (chatbot)summary texts. We adopt two distinct guiding principles for narrative textualinterpretation: a methodological perspective and a normative framing of content. Thisleads to different types of summaries. Next, through subsequent digital text analysismethods, viz human-based interpretative analysis, content cloud analysis and frequencyanalysis, we analyze and compare the outcomes of this experiment. The results of ourtext analysis were finally also assessed by a small expert panel. Our findings revealnotable differences between human-made and machine-made summaries, showcasingvariations in writing style, substantive content, perceived meanings, and readerinterpretations. These discrepancies are also influenced by the above-mentionedmethodological perspective and normative framing that are applied to the scientificpublication concerned. In general, our comparison highlights that while human-madetexts tend to be more content-rich, machine-made texts exhibit greater richness in formand coverage. Our results suggest that such contrasting differences offer a mutuallycomplementary value in text interpretation. This study contributes to the understandingof text interpretation processes and sheds also light on the evolving dynamics betweenhuman and machine-generated interpretations in the academic discourse on regional development.

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Models of Social and Environmental Responsibility in Algeria - Analytical Study

Models of Social and Environmental Responsibility in Algeria - Analytical Study

Author(s): Ben Abdelaziz SAMIR / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2023

This research paper aims to shed light on the problem of pollution, which is considered one of the most important factors affecting the environment and society, and the extent of Algerian companies’ commitment to increasing awareness of the environmental and social responsibility for this phenomenon. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach by presenting Algeria's experience in the field of environmental protection and providing environmentally friendly products. The results of the analysis showed that adopting and integrating the environmental and social interest into the activities of institutions is an economic investment that brings huge profits to companies in various fields, and the process of recycling spent products and waste is considered one of the most important methods adopted by Algerian companies in order to avoid the phenomenon of pollution at the level of the regions in which they are active.

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Land Improvements in Agriculture: A bibliometric Analysis
Unveiling Trends and Future Research Perspectives

Land Improvements in Agriculture: A bibliometric Analysis Unveiling Trends and Future Research Perspectives

Author(s): Eduard Alexandru DUMITRU,Luiza-Florentina ZĂPUCIOIU,Maria Cristina Sterie / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2023

Land improvement in agriculture refers to the set of interventions and practices applied to agricultural land in order to optimise it for more efficient and sustainable production. This paper investigates developments and trends in the field of agricultural land improvement through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. From the inception of publications in 1979 to 2023, we observed a significant increase in interest, evidenced by a peak in 2022. Year-by-year analysis revealed thematic shifts, such as increased focus on erosion, deforestation, and agricultural land use in 2014 and 2015, compared to increased interest in biodiversity, greenhouse gas emissions, and agricultural technologies in later years.

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Emission performance assessment of passenger car engines: A comparative analysis

Emission performance assessment of passenger car engines: A comparative analysis

Author(s): Sebastian Szymon Grzesiak / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2023

The automotive market is constantly developing and employing innovative technologies. The new trend of electromobility affects the whole world and is part of the transformation of the economy. Also, the European Union takes significant steps to support the development of the electric sector of the automotive market. This is confirmed by the signed declaration in Glasgow, which leads towards a ban on the sale of cars with combustion engines by 2035. Due to the initiatives taken by international institutions to green all processes in the economy and the defined legal framework, these activities have an influence on other market participants. The problem identified in this article is the actual impact of implemented solutions concerning the type of engine used in cars offered for sale in Poland. The aim of the article is accompanied by a research question, is the electric vehicle less harmful to the environment? The paper compares cars of the same producer, class and type with petrol, diesel, hybrid (petrol-electric) and electric engines in terms of the environmental impact parameters described in the methodology. The research method is a comparative analysis of SUVs of urban type. As a result of the research, it has been determined that a vehicle with an electric engine emits the least amount of carbon dioxide and is the most environmentally friendly solution.

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Artificial Intelligence and its Impact on Management Research: A Large-Scale Bibliometric Topic Mapping Analysis of the Interval 2020-2023

Author(s): Cristian VIDU / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The field of artificial intelligence is starting to permeate all aspects of society and management is no exception. From digital transformation, marketing, and industry 4.0 to privacy and ethics, the significant growth of the number of papers being published each year makes it difficult to assess the state of research, the current topics that academia is focusing on, and how these topics are evolving over the years. This paper aims to highlight the main topics of this complex and central theme and showcase the evolution of the field through a structured bibliometric analysis of all business-relevant articles and conference paper published in this interval. Leveraging the SCOPUS database, a number of 4763 papers have been identified and analysed, revealing a number of new insights into how the study of artificial intelligence is evolving. Although we are looking at a global perspective, in subsidiary we also observe and compare how Romania is faring against the other global players.

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Management of Performing Teams in the Conditions of a VUCA Environment

Author(s): Elena Casandra NIȚULESCU / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Team management is an essential concept, increasingly widespread, in order to form a united, performing and successful team that will be able to achieve the set goals. Managing a team means creating a balance between its needs and the needs of each team member, between the freedom that employees need to be creative and taking responsibility for their actions. Moreover, in our time, there is an increased emphasis on the operation of virtual teams at the most professional level. The article presents the vision approached in the literature on this subject and the institutional implications. All of this, with the corollary of the managerial approach from the perspectives of managing performance within teams, their delimitation from the group notion, and the implications within an organization, are key points analyzed in the article, in correlation with a VUCA environment.

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Impact of Leadership Styles on Organizational Performance and Employee Retention – Case Study of Germany, Switzerland and Austria

Author(s): Flavius Cosmin DARIE / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This study aims to examine the complex relationship between leadership styles, organizational performance, and employee retention across different economic systems. Furthermore, it seeks to illustrate how different leadership approaches impact organizational dynamics within different economic contexts. Employing a mix of case study and qualitative methodologies, the research investigates the multiple organizations in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria, utilizing a structured analysis on the collected data. The methodology is designed to capture the nuanced ways in which leadership influences key organizational outcomes, including employee loyalty and organizational efficacy. The findings suggest that transformational leadership universally enhances organizational performance and employee retention, yet the effectiveness of leadership styles is significantly shaped by cultural and economic factors. In conclusion, this research paper indicates that adaptable, context-aware leadership is crucial for navigating the complexities of global economic systems, highlighting the need for leaders to tailor their approaches according to the environment in which it operates.

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Advancing Organizational and Societal Growth: The Role of Social Entrepreneurship Within Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

Author(s): Maruf Mohammad Sirajum MONIR,Alula Nerea GEBEREMESKEL / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This study explores the entrepreneurial ecosystem, a dynamic network that harnesses business resources, knowledge, and talent for enhancing organizational prosperity. It places a special emphasis on how enterprises not only seek growth but also aim to positively impact society and the environment. At the heart of our inquiry are the concepts of social entrepreneurship and social innovation, which we argue are essential for fostering societal progress within the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Our research aims to dissect the influence and integration of these concepts in promoting a sustainable entrepreneurial environment. To this end, we conducted a detailed survey among 51 startup managers, ensuring participants had a deep understanding of the themes in question. Through rigorous statistical analysis using SPSS and Excel, we discovered the crucial role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in facilitating effective collaboration across various domains, including human and technological resources. The study reveals that embracing social entrepreneurship and innovation is vital for businesses to contribute meaningfully to societal betterment while achieving their growth objectives.

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