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»Ово је тежачка аемља« - пишу људи, као да су тек открили Америку. А откада то? - Хоhемо ли лутати по историји?- Колико смо је изнаказили, могло би се још пронаhи да су нам прадједови као неки средовјечни витезови населили ову земљу. Оставимо другима ту славу. Наш је најбољи представник ипак био, и остаhе, Матија Губец. Дакле, сељачки народ.
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Prošle su tri godine otkako је i nasa privreda zahvaćena dubokom depresijom, poznatom pod popularnim imenom privredne kгize. Doduše, već i ranije, pojedine privredne grane, odnosno pojedini krajevi, osjetili su bili pogoršanje svojih; ekonomskih prilika; ali od godine 1931, naovamo, kriza је zahvatila čitavu drzavu i gotovo sve privredne grane, tako da se moglo govoriti о орćој privrednoj krizi. S obzirom na činjenicu, da smo i mi ukopčani u svjetski privredni mehanizam, jasno је da је depresija, koja se od 1929 pocela da širi ро čitavom svijetu, morala zahvatiti i nas; pitanje је samo, da li nismo mogli možda udesiti da taj udarac ne bude tako snažan, odnoso da se prije saniraju teske rane koje nam је on zadao.
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Privredni problemi postaju sve važniji, i to se sve više uvidja. Neosporno je, da i na razvitak političkih prilika utiče privreda, i da njeno stanje u jednoj državi može da bude od presudnog značaja. Najaktuelniji politički problemi sadašnjice baziraju stvarno na privrednim prilikama. A izgleda da će u buduće privreda i njen razvitak igrati još važniju ulogu kod tretiranja političkih problema. Naročito ova sadašnja privredna kriza — koja nadmašuje sve dosadašnje, i za koju niko nije u stanju reći koliko će trajati ni kad će se naći iz nje izlaza — ima znatnog uticaja na razvitak političkih odnosa.
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Since the 1980s, a widespread view has arisen in the literature that the economic success, known as the Economic Miracle, of Taiwan and the Republic of Korea since the 1960s has been due, in part at least, to the legacy of Japanese colonialism, but also that the region of East/Southeast Asia was generally more fortunate than other colonized countries, because especially Japanese, even Dutch and American, and British colonialism were more or less developmental. That is, they laid the foundations for the future growth and development of the newly industrialized Asian countries. This paper attempts to determine the actual extent of the contribution of each, comparing the Japanese economic achievements in both Taiwan and Korea with those of (primarily) the Dutch, then Americans, British, Spanish and Portuguese in their East/Southeast Asian colonies. The paper examines the record of economic growth, development of agriculture and industry, infrastructure and all structural changes across the colonies and dependent territories. It also discusses policies related to government revenue and expenditure, and trade. The paper also looks at some non-monetary indicators related to living standards, including education. The main conclusion is that the facts do not wholly support the case of Japanese developmental colonialism but that there are drastic differences in the colonial legacy among the colonizing countries of the East/Southeast Asian region. Also, what is indisputable is that every colonizer, including Japan, primarily thought about their interests and not about the development interests of their colony.
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This article analyses how Para athletes were presented in audiovisual commercials by companies that supported the Olympic or Paralympic Games. We focused on the framing of (dis)ability in commercials available on YouTube (2008-2021). The evolution in
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Corporate identity plays an important role in the success and competitiveness of businesses in today’s dynamic business environment. It encompasses brand identity, organisational culture, values, and reputation, and is key in building relationships with stakeholders. An ethical corporate identity, in particular the perception of a company as ethical and socially responsible, positively influences employee behaviour and engagement. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionised business management and offers innovative solutions to improve decision-making, efficiency, and transparency. Integrating AI into corporate governance can improve risk management, compliance, and accountability. In the digital age, social media are key in building and maintaining the brand voice of businesses. With the advent of AI, new tools such as Chat GPT have emerged to simplify and accelerate content creation, including social media posts. However, achieving satisfactory brand-voice results using AI requires careful analysis and extensive, representative data that travels into the prompter. Although AI-generated content is fast, it should be vetted by experienced experts to ensure it aligns with brand values and brand image. Although Chat GPT promises to generate content and brand-voice, its successful use requires collaboration with experienced experts and thoughtful consideration of its use in building and maintaining an authentic and effective brand-voice.
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Codes of ethics are crucial in communicating and building the values of organisations and their employees. This research study focuses on exploring various aspects of ethical behaviour and the impact of ethical constraints on employee performance in organisations. In the context of the growing importance of business ethics and human resource management, this study statistically identifies differences between organisations based on their ethical characteristics and strategies. The integration of ethics into corporate strategy is found to have an impact on the permissible behaviour and appearance of employees, with past ethical scandals leading to more stringent measures. In addition, the length and updating of the code of ethics affect the control over certain aspects of employee behaviour. These results underscore the importance of codes of ethics as tools for communication as well as for managing employee ethics and behaviour. They also highlight the role of multinational corporations in the diffusion of these practices and their impact on smaller market players, as well as the importance of managing workplace constraints. In conclusion, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of ethical practices and their importance within organisations.
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For most firms, making changes has become second nature, and dealing with different kinds of crises has become part of people's and management's everyday lives. Finding long-term solutions has progressively evolved into a central management concept. Accordingly, the concentrated effort aimed at researching novel and useful change management models increases the field's significance from a scientific and applied standpoint. In recent times, modern civilization has encountered an unparalleled challenge in terms of both purpose and character. The so-called "Change House" model is presented in the report; it is still not well-known in science or practice in our nation. The authors' thorough investigation and application of the model led to its enrichment with certain details and components, in light of some contemporary environmental elements that we incorporate into it, with the goal of increasing its applicability in the operation of contemporary organizations. The idea of the report is to provide an updated and highly adaptable to new conditions model for change management, which can be flexible and in different aspects in the efficiency of public and business sector organizations.
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The article examines the specifics of the changes occurring in the modern world in the context of digitalization and leading to the achievement sustainable development goals. A key approach in supporting the transition to sustainable growth is the creation the circular economy. The results of the research show that the sector of companies producing electrical and electronic equipment is a key area in the efforts to move to a closed-loop economy: trends and prospects for market development among global and domestic manufacturers for electrical engineering products. In addition, the authors highlight the challenges and constraints that companies face in implementing the principles of the circular economy. Understanding the existence of these constraints is important to support the transformation towards a circular economy in the context of implementing its principles. The solution to the problems is a series of actions that are aimed to improve the functioning of electronic companies and take into account the factors affecting the sustainable function on companies in shaping circular economy and digitalization.
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Purpose: The purpose of the article is to identify the factors that influence commuting by bicycle with a specific focus on Tbilisi and Warsaw. Based on the testing of hypotheses, the authors intended to determine how different factors affect commuting by cycling in these two cities. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses a structured and self-administered online questionnaire of bicycle users in both cities. The survey collected data on cycling behaviour, motivations, and perceptions of cycling infrastructure. The population of the cycling community was 12,000 in Tbilisi and 14,000 in Warsaw. The Binary logit regression model was used to determine the influence of variables. The questionnaire is in line with The National Institute for Transportation and Communities of USA. Findings: The study’s findings suggest that while commuting by cycling has significant environmental benefits, there are significant barriers to its adoption, including a lack of infrastructure, safety concerns, and cultural attitudes towards bicycle commuting in Tbilisi and Warsaw. The study also reveals different attitudes among bicycle users. Research limitations: The study’s limitations include the relatively small sample size of the survey and the limited scope of the quantitative survey. Nevertheless, the study provides valuable insights into the opportunities and challenges of promoting cycling as a sustainable mode of transport in these two cities. Practical implications: The practical implications of the study are twofold. First, it highlights the need for a coordinated effort by local authorities, civil society, and private actors to promote cycling as a sustainable mode of transport. Second, it provides specific recommendations for policymakers on how to overcome the barriers to cycling and promote this sustainable means of transport. Originality/value: The study’s originality lies in its focus on two cities with different cultural and political contexts, providing a comparison of how cycling promotion strategies may vary across contexts.
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Digital marketplace platforms for the sale of handmade products, notably regarding users’ professional realization and forms of engagement, remain beyond the scope of academic research on platform economy's impact over the labour market. This paper summarises the findings of an empirical sociological study conducted among Bulgarian users of Etsy, the largest online marketplace for selling handmade goods. The findings show (1) a high participation rate among self-employed individuals and a low share of those generating above-average sales revenue, and (2) a strong intention to continue working through Etsy despite poor financial performance and low satisfaction with platform performance among survey participants.
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This article focuses on the employment status and working conditions of platform-based food delivery riders, and the changes expected for them as a result of the European Commission's directive. It is based on a review of existing publications on the topic and a small number of in-depth interviews with food delivery riders, some conducted in 2020-2021 and the rest in spring 2024. It compares the working conditions of riders from the two most popular food delivery platforms in Bulgaria and concludes with the positive and negative implications of the proposed directive to improve the working conditions of platform workers.
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This article is devoted to the consideration of some territorial and spatial problems in the Republic of Bulgaria. The focus of the research and analysis is the administrative-territorial authorities and the assessment of the planning areas in the country. The work sets out certain views and options for targeted spatial planning policies at the level of planning districts. A position is expressed on the possibility of taking steps to introduce an intermediate level of regional governance in Bulgaria, as well as the introduction of a second level of self-government. Proposals have been made to restructure planning districts and turn them into administrative management bodies to improve state governance and effective implementation of regional policies. It is argued that a change in the functional structure in the vertical hierarchy of governance can set a new positive moment in governance to strengthen the effectiveness of regional development. In the presentation the author has presented relevant conclusions and perspectives for urban areas and agglomerations, as well as the role of the Bulgarian village within the municipalities. Some new trends in regional development related to the spatial development of our national territory have been captured, which have a debatable character, but also need pragmatic solutions for the planning areas.
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The impact of climate change on the region occurs at the environmental, economic, social, political levels. In the case of the regional economy, the impact is bilateral. Rapid economic growth and a growing population remain the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions that generate the global warming effect (...).
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The article aims to compare the development paths of selected industrial mo-no-functional towns of Georgia, considering, in particular, the changes that occurred af-ter the country regained independence. The spatial scope includes four monotowns of Georgia: Chiatura, Kaspi, Tkibuli and Rustavi. The time frame of the detailed analysis, based on population data, covers the period 1922–2021 (in examining the changes that occurred in Chiatura and Tkibuli, reference was also made to the period prior to Georgia’s incorporation into the Soviet Union). Based on the research conducted using the case study and desk research methods, the article presents the possible directions of develop-ment of the monotowns in Georgia, which were identified based on the assumptions of path dependency theory. In the detailed results, the characteristic features of the units were indicated, and their development paths were presented (both in the Soviet period and after 1991). The study was concluded by assigning the towns to the priorly extracted variants of the development paths after 1991 (variants A and B).
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The concept of short distance cities is implemented in centers of various sizes and eco-nomic status. Cities operate in a turbulent environment, which determines the need to shape their multifaceted resilience. Rapid changes taking place in the economy determine the need for cities to quick respond, adapt and counteract the negative effects of these changes. The aim of the study is to identify the possibilities offered by the implementation of the idea of short distance cities in creatinghe city’s resilience to contemporary challenges and to indicate the priorities determining the con-struction of multi-aspect resilience of Vienna and Wrocław contained in their strategic documents. Achieving this goal required answers to basic research questions:1. What are the characteristics of a short distance city and how does it function in contemporary conditions?2. What is the resilience of short distance cities?3. What are the basis for building the resilience of a short distance city on the example of Vienna and Wrocław?The implementation of the short distance city concept was analyzed in two cities, Vienna and Wrocław. The research objects were selected on the basis of similarities: cities in the EU (legal basis, city construction concepts), relatively large cities, green, the presence of a significant river resource. The research methods used in the study are: studies of literature and strategic documents, case study and the observation method. The study found that implementing the concept of short distance cities in an urban center is a process and supports the multifaceted resilience of the city, as is the case in Vienna and Wrocław.
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The article presents changes in housing attractiveness in 66 cities with district rights in Poland as at the end of 2022 compared to the end of 2019. Using the method of comparative anal-ysis, simple statistical methods (the method of indicators, the ranking method) and the descriptive method, changes in the values of selected variables regarding local labor markets and residential real estate were examined against the background of population changes. The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, including: remote work, searching for places to live with a high quality of life or cheaper housing properties has resulted in an increase in interest in some cities, which provides a chance for population growth. During the period under study, this had an impact on the results for some groups of cities divided into quartiles in terms of population changes, while in the case of others, certain symptoms were noticed that may develop in the future. The determinants of the increase in the housing attractiveness of cities may be expansive local housing policy and friendly policy towards investors.The observed changes were also influenced by the inflow of people from Ukraine, especially present in the largest cities and those located close to the eastern border of Poland. Among the cities with district rights, 29 are medium-sized cities (approx. 44% of the surveyed cities), in the 3rd quartile (low population decline), there are 8 medium-sized cities (mainly with a developed tourist function or being part of the Upper Silesian Agglomeration), in the 4th quartile (very low population decline or increase) there were 2 medium-sized cities. Cities, in order to stop the depopulation trend and the loss of functions, must attract people. An opportunity, among others, cities located in the east of the country experienced an influx of immigrants from Ukraine. However, in order to maintain this tendency, it is necessary to pursue a local housing policy and have a clear strategy towards investors. Students and graduates can also be a stimulant, provided that attractive conditions for living (staying) in the city are created, related to the potential of the local labor market and the local housing real estate market.
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Purpose. This study examines the complex relationship between Industry 4.0 implementation, green intellectual capital, and sustainable development among the US marketing agencies. The growing need to understand how technological advances and sustainability initiatives interact in modern business drives the research. The objectives were to study the impact of Industry 4.0 implementation on green intellectual capital (green human, organizational, and relational capital), its impact on sustainable development, and managerial emotional intelligence is moderating role. Design/methodology/approach. A quantitative study used an online survey on multiple social media platforms to collect data from 202 respondents. Findings. Results showed a strong positive effect of Industry 4.0 implementation on green intellectual capital and sustainable development. Emotional intelligence drastically infuriates the sustainable development chain when management practices academic skills. These findings challenge theories about emotional intelligence's role in leveraging green intellectual capital for sustainable development, especially in Industry 4.0. Originality. The study provides new insights into marketing technology adoption and sustainability. Practical implications. Managers must strategically invest in Industry 4.0 technologies and green practices and rethink emotional intelligence in favor of technological adaptability and innovation.
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