LINGUISTIC INTERFERENCES BETWEEN THE ROMANIAN FUNCTIONAL STYLES
In this paper, we are trying to bring into focus some linguistic interferences that are between different Romanian functional styles: scientific, legal and media language.
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In this paper, we are trying to bring into focus some linguistic interferences that are between different Romanian functional styles: scientific, legal and media language.
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The analysis of some linguistic structures that are defining for the biblical discourse will capture both, the differences and the similarities of construction encountered in all the three languages taken into discussion. The paper attempts to focus on some morphosyntactic elements (the categories of tense and mood being mostly emphasized) and on the changes that might appear at the level of canonical word order, for example emphatic constructions and verb elliptical structures, some discourse related issues being also mentioned.
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Romanian lexis is into a continuous development and evolution by means of words that are coming into it, bring new meanings and accomplish a new role to the linguistic enrichment of our language. We are going to reveal the way in which sporting language, that is a professional one, influences the Romanian vocabulary, through words, expressions that are specific to different sporting domains.
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When thinking of culture and civilization, one thinks of history, literature, philosophy, art and various other domains, but seldom does one think of the importance and influence that a nation‘s language has on it. This paper emphasises the early stages of the becoming of the English language. This will be put in connection with the waves of invaders that pillaged and settled on the Isles. A more detailed analysis will be provided for the Norman Conquest and its linguistic and cultural influences that took part in the making of nowadays England.
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The paper analyses the use of articles with the names of historical geographical places and related issues (focused on prehistoric and ancient times) in the English language. The paper is divided into three parts. The first one summarizes general rules for the use of articles with geographical names in prescriptive English grammar books. The second part contains a table which aims to present the list of the historical geographical names with corresponding articles. The final one concentrates on the analysis of the actual use of articles with the historical geographical names as found in the following books on history: The Concise History Encyclopaedia and The Western Experience.
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Although not long discussed and studied, code switching must have always existed and not been perceived otherwise than normal by its users, speakers with more than one mother tongue that have been able to communicate freely using all languages, mixing their grammar rules or vocabularies and still understanding each other, creating, therefore, a code that existed only in their region.The most common examples are known as Spanglish and Franglish. The Hungarians of Transylvania have also invented several smaller-scale linguistic codes of this kind, spoken in different cities and a larger-scale one, understood by every Hungarian in Transylvania - the Hungarian of Romania, with different word order, vocabulary, word formation both from Romanian and from standard Hungarian, and illustrating all the types of code switching identified by scholars. This article analyses this new linguistic code history of Transylvania and compared to the surrounding areas, giving examples of Transylvanian Hungarian.
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French first names are connected with the origins of the French population, which has been the result of a number of colonizations, invasions and immigrations. Onomatology is closely related to linguistics, most of the first names bearing a distinct acceptation. In this article, we are going to analyse the masculine first names of Hebrew origin, trying to remark and underline the influence of the Hebrew language on the French anthroponymy, by working out a corpus of first names.
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The aim of this article is to present the basic capabilities of the Google search engine in the process of analysing multi-word lexical combinations. Our assumption is that the Google search engine can be regarded as a kind of linguistic database ready to be used as a practical linguistic tool. The text is an overview, therefore the presented material is limited to the necessary minimum, i.e. fifty randomly-selected phraseological compounds. In the introduction, we list ( and briefly discuss ) the tools available for studying Polish-language multi-word lexical combinations. With such an outlined background, we may characterise the Google search engine as a linguistic database. Finally, in the relevant part, we present the ways of using this tool with selected examples. In the summary, we discuss the possibilities offered by the use of a constantly-updated linguistic database which the Internet search engine under review can be considered to be
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The poetic texts of priest Pasierb present a peculiar sensitivity to the names of colours. The author of Koziorożec ( Capricorn ) paid particular attention to the role of light, hence his works present a separate category of expressions regarding light and darkness, flash and brightness. It is the result of, among others, the culturally conditioned evaluation of light and dark and the related axiological attitude towards the world. Also present are numerous lexemes situated in the lexical field of, for instance, red, yellow, golden, blue, black and white. The collected material shows that the names of colours present in Pasierb’s works do not so much name reality as co-create the mood of particular texts, creating as a result a set of delicate poetic impressions.
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The article is devoted to the semantic evolution of the word patchwork, which has become frequent in contemporary Polish. This appropriate borrowing from English was registered in Polish lexicography for the first time in 1995. In the twenty years since then, it showed its new meanings different from the original ‘artistic handicraft technique, consisting in stitching together pieces of material of different colours and shapes’, ‘composition resulting from the use of this technique’ and ‘product formed in this manner, for example bedspread, tapestry, clothes’. Nowadays, this lexeme can refer to any term referring to a particular or abstract designatum which ‘creates a coherent whole, but consists of various elements’ and also – as a derivatives of phraseology the patchwork family – means ‘a family founded by parents, at least one of whom has had a previous unsuccessful relationship or marriage involving their common children, their children from previous relationships, and sometimes also former partners and their relatives’.
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The article analyzes Listy z narodowej pielgrzymki ( Letters from the national pilgrimage ) by Ryszard Berwiński. It is a series of five texts written in prose in which the author tells his impressions from a trip to the vicinity of Gopło, probably in the summer of 1838. At that time, such escapades became fashionable in Poland. The aim of the study is to define the lexis used in the Letters to describe the cultural landscape of Greater Poland in order to identify the aforementioned word material and analyse the way it is used.
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The article presents the lexical material concerning clothes vocabulary. The data was extracted from arrest warrants published from 1816 to 1836 in Publiczny Donosiciel ( Public Denunciator ) which was an annex to Dziennik Urzędowy Królewskiej Regencyi w Poznaniu ( Official Journal of the Royal Regency in Poznan ). The article presents the structure of the lexical and semantic field of NAMES OF CIVILIAN CLOTHES OF MEN’S FROM LOWER SOCIAL STRATA and its semantic and genealogical analysis. In this lexical and semantic field, 361 lexical items were classified, described and assigned to nine subfields which were then divided further. The genealogical analysis showed that a third of the vocabulary described are loanwords.
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This study aims to define two extremely fertile areas of current research: literary lexicography and historiography of translation. The systemic link, which can be created between them, relies, beyond the inherent differences, on a series of common features. In the last decades, in the digital era, these research areas have traced their terminological concepts and working methods, making the necessary leap towards interdisciplinarity. Their investigation necessarily involves partnership with national libraries, with the entire network of digitization tools.
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The paper brings forth a series of English phrasal verbs and idioms, intended to enhance that mastering vocabulary is pivotal to communication. Building up one’s vocabulary is a never-ending task, generally speaking, and all the more so when learners are determined to immerse themselves in the realm of a foreign language. Bouncing ideas off people and mapping the hustle and bustle of their thoughts amount to as many opportunities for foreign languages learners to increase their language proficiency.
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Those deprived of both hearing and sight who nevertheless manage to speak have drawn the attention of specialists from various fields, especially in light of the astonishing things that these disabled people managed to achieve. It is our belief that these cases are particularly relevant for the field of linguistics, considering the fact that, beyond the aspects pertaining to language acquisition, they also reveal a number of elements likely to shed light on the role of language and provide answers to seemingly unanswerable questions, such as, for instance: how would a human being relate to the world in the absence of language? Furthermore, by way of life experiences, they come to confirm numerous theoretical considerations regarding the definition and understanding of language. Therefore, the aim of our paper is to examine, in light of Helen Keller’s case, of her testimonies, some of these aspects relevant for a definition of the specific nature of language, for the understanding of the essential signifying function of language, which involves the emergence of signifieds, of linguistic contents, within the human conscience. Helen Keller’s life experience, presented in her autobiographical book The Story of My Life (1902), clearly indicates the fact that language is not an instrument of communication, as it is not a given and it is not exterior to the human being, but rather a symbolic and creative activity of the human being.
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Also in Spanish language there is a semantic difference between the terms argot and jargon, but there are several types of slang in both Spain and Latin America. It is well known that each country has its own argot or slangs. Latin America refers to the Spanish speaking countries on the Central and South American continent, namely Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay. In Hispanic America, the most important cryptic language are replana in Perú and lunfardo in Argentina. Of course, the Spanish language is homogeneous in the Iberian Peninsula and in the former colony, but Spanish in Hispanic America has developed differences at all levels of language - phonetical, phonological, morpho- syntactical, lexical and semantic because of the influences of indigenous languages (of the Mayan, Aztec and Inca), African slaves, or French, Dutch and English Languages of the neighbors. In both Spain and Latin America we have juvenile argot, colloquial, familiar or informal languages.
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The new kind of literature that came up with the Latin American boom in the mid-twentieth century implied the capture of reality in the smallest details and implicitly of the language of people from the society, from the poorest to the richest and the intellectuals. The richness of the Latin American novel comes from the release of the provincial criteria. Mario Vargas Llosa is an important exponent of Hispanic literature and comprises in his novels an irresistible force and power for the reader through the multitude of techniques used. Argon, jargon or licensed language complements the description of space and characters, helping the reader to get to the smallest detail of the world presented by the author. The force of description, the blending of naturalism with traditional space, the fine portraits of the characters make the novel La fiesta del Chivo (The feast of the Goat) reach the minds of people. Belonging to the dictatorial novel, The feast of the Goat describes the last day of life of Rafael Leñnidas Trujillo Molina, dictator of the Dominican Republic between 1930Ŕ1961, and his death. In spite of this political and social framework, Vargas Llosa describes all the people around the president using the language as a weapon to complete the description of the Dominican Republic society.
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Our approach proposes some theoretical reflections on the concepts which aim at the linguistic loan: neologism, which is used in common language and neonym, which is used in language of specialty and of course the related notions neology and neonymy.
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One of the main functions of the names is to create an identity, to make a differentiation and to give a sense of uniqueness. A similar impulse makes the founder of the company Ikea, Ingvar Kamprad, to name each of his products mainly with Swedish names. For this reason the variety of product names in Ikea cannot be considered outside the “Ikea concept”. To understand the answers to the questions Why the products have names? What is the principle of their choice? How often do they change? the reader should get acquainted with the philosophy of the company presented in nine points in the will of its founder. This article is a part of the thesis “The Product Names of Ikea – A Tradition in Development, Onomastic Research.“
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The work analyzes the words representing the colors in the Galaktion Tabidzi’s creativity. The paper begins with the study of the separation of basic colors, but the research is not limited to discussing only primary colors. Apparently, color is sometimes not mentioned in the poems of Galaktion Tabidze, however, other words are used in such a poetic way that it evokes the association of color and acquires the meaning of color. Chromatic and achromatic colors are grouped according to positive and negative content; The symbolic-semantic aspects of vocabulary are analyzed. The study of vocabulary of colors is connected to the semantic of the word “color” itself which is related to many interesting issues. As it is known, a color can be given a symbolic meaning due to its emotional impact. Color-related vocabulary acquires metaphorical and poetic significance in poetry. Each color represents a corresponding event or feature. In the literature it is stimulated by symbolic thought; All face-symbols can be understood differently by the reader and all understandings can be correct. The authors refer to a color variation, where primary colors predominate, including different colors. Consequently, their attitude to a particular color, reflected in their work, is positive or negative. For example, white is the color of purity and purity, and in poetry it plays with a shade of cold, winter, cold, loneliness. the descriptive meaning of red is color, but in symbolic terms, red can be a symbol of war, joy or blood. The analysis of used materials has shown that ,,blue” is a dominant color in Galaktio Tabidze’s poetry. In poetry, blue / blue has acquired a mystical load. In this color is also the notion of memory, which is associated with the ideal. Let us recall, at least, Novalisi's "Blue Flower", Maeterlinck's "Blue Bird", Nikoloz Baratashvili's "Sky Color, Blue Color ..." and others. Thus, among the features that determine the individuality of writers, a certain place is occupied by the use of colors. Although the content of the color symbols undergoes significant changes, from an interpretive point of view, the core of the color symbolism still remains unchanged. In poetry he deals with so many comprehensive issues that his understanding is sometimes different.
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