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Објекат – у раскораку између облигаторности и факултативности

Author(s): Milivoj Alanović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 7/2013

Starting from the theory of valence and in it established criteria and operational tests of classification and definition of complements, we apply and check these theoretical and methodological assumptions in this paper on the category of syntactic object, direct and indirect, with one main goal - to point out the flaws and problems in such an approach, and the consistency and general applicability of following categories: obligacy and optionality of complements in the process of syntactic analysis and differentiation of basic sentence and syntagmatic constituents.

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Објекатска акузативно-дативска падежна структура у србистичкој литератури

Author(s): Janko Ivanović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 48/2017

The objekt accusative-dative case structure in Serbian literature In this paper is prsented chronological review of classbooks and scientific papers devoted to accusa tive-dative case structure and verbs of giving in Serbian language. Although this group of verbs has not been systematically tested on a wider corpus, our grammatics as well as pa pers by many domestic authors show that mentioned group of verbs attracted attention of researchers and for them it was an interesting field of research, probably because of very important place it takes in a system of verbouse words. The goal of this paper is to point out some of this works and to see how domestic linguists observed this group of verbs. First of all, gramatics of Serbian language and classbooks were analyzed as well as sci entific papers in which those verbs and this case structure were mentioned.

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Обрада наставне јединице инструментал у VIII разреду основне школе

Author(s): Aleksandra Mandić / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 1-2/1972

Рад на граматици, односно, поукама о језику, представља још увијек методски недовољно обрађено подручје. Програм истине „да поуке о језику од почетка па до краја школовања у основној школи, треба заснивати на језичком осјећају и посматрањима ученика и водити их, постепено, ка усвајању књижевног језика. Зато ће само говорна ситуација и прикладам текст бити полазна тачка и исходиште свих запажања о језику, једном ријечју, учења и усвајања његових законитости.“

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Обстановка в системе обстоятельственных детерминантов

Author(s): Svetlana Aleksanova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 14/2014

This article focuses on problems of defining the differences between determinants which mark location. Location determinants are considered as syncretic parts of the sentence with an indiscrete adverbial-predicative role occupying the periphery of the field of determinants with both background and accompanying characteristics.

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Обучение связной речи учащихся–билингвов

Author(s): Larisa Arabshahovna Zaynalova,Aleksey Valeryevich Shaulov / Language(s): Russian / Publication Year: 0

This article describes some types of the training system used for speech development in Russian classes. The author suggests some techniques and types of speech exercises thatwhich pay special attention to the independent work on the text, which promotes better understanding of the written language.

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Однос атрибуције и предикације

Author(s): Miloš Kovačević / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 4/1989

Review of: Marija Znika, "Odnos atribucije i predikacije", Znanstvena biblioteka Hrvatskog filozofskog društva 18, Zagreb 1988, 168 pp.; by: Miloš Kovačević

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Односна реченица у роману о Троји

Author(s): Aleksandra L. Colić Jovanović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 47/2016

This paper deals with the analysis of syntactic-semantic characteristics of relative clauses in Old Serbian Novel About Troy (15th century). Excerpted examples are divided into three groups: 1) Free relative clauses, 2) Relative clauses with formal antecedent, 3) Relative clauses with nominal antecedent. Statistical analysis of the results was performed with reference to the situation in Old Serbian, Serbian Church Slavonic, standard Sebian and dialect (Banat vernaculars of the Šumadija-Vojvodina dialect). The analysis has shown, among other things, that relative clauses in the Novel About Troy have more characteristics of spoken language than Old Serbian legal documents (e.g. high percentage of free relative clauses with the relative pronoun koji). We found that the syntactic level of this text is a unique combination of written and spoken language features, worth further examinations.

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ОКЛИЧНІ РЕЧЕННЯ У ТВОРАХ ПОЛЕМІЧНОЇ ТА ОРАТОРСЬКО-ПРОПОВІДНИЦЬКОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ «ТРЕНОСА» МЕЛЕТІЯ СМОТРИЦЬКОГО)

Author(s): Navchuk Halyna,Shutak Larysa / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 3/2018

The article deals with the peculiarities of the operation of occult sentences in polemical and oratory-preaching works, analyzed from formal-syntactic and functional-semantic views. It is revealed that the main means of expressing emotions and influencing readers in the works of polemical and oratory-preaching literature are mainly such kinds of occasional sentences as vocative sentences, rhetorical questions, and much less often – incomplete and non-constituent designs. It has been established that the lexical -grammatical markers of these syntactic structures are mostly appeals, exclamations, emotionally expressive particles, pronounadverbial words, etc. Methods of research: Descriptive – for describing the formal-syntactic and functional-semantic features of occasional sentences derived from the works of polemical and oratory-preaching literature; comparison – for the analysis, synthesis and synthesis of characteristic signs of oral and written speech in terms of theories of speech acts, as well as processes occurring during public speaking; methods of linguistic observation, classification and systematization – to determine and distinguish formalsyntactic and functional-semantic peculiarities of various types and varieties of occult sentences that occur in the works of polemical and oratory-preaching literature. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the peculiarities of the operation of occasional sentences in the works of polemical and oratory-preaching literature are exhaustively analyzed, analyzed from formal-syntactic and functionalsemantic views. It is proved that their purpose is to increase the logic of presentation and influence on readers (listeners) in order to form their outlook. Conclusions. Proved that in the works of polemical and oratory-preaching literature, occasional sentences are used to enhance the logic of presentation and influence on readers (listeners) in order to form their outlook, and, accordingly, the civic position.

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Описание одной системы с простым синтаксисом

Author(s): M. I. Lekomtseva,Boris Uspenskij / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/1965

The paper presents an analysis of cartomancy from the semiotic point of View. A description of cartomancy is made in purely linguistic terms and in terms of the Peirce-Morris classification. In the first case a described cartomancy system is regarded as a special kind of language; the authors describe its vocabulary and the procedure of phrase generation In the second case the authors analyse successively the semantics, pragmatics and syntactics of cartomancy. In conclusion a typo-logical comparison between cartomancy systems and natural languages is drawn.

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Определения понятия «метод обучения»

Author(s): Leonid Moskovkin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 4/2018

The article deals with the existing definitions of the concept of “teaching method” in the literature on didactics and the methodology of teaching foreign languages. Some of the definitions of this concept do not indicate its essential features, others view it too broadly, the third confuse the concept of “teaching method” with other didactic concepts. It is suggested to consider the teaching method as a kind of professional knowledge of the teacher. The teaching method is the image of the teacher’s and students’ activity in the teacher’s mind.

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Опыт составления анкеты по именным предложениям в южносибирских тюркских языках и первые результаты ее применения

Author(s): Irina A. Nevskaya,Aiiana A. Ozonova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 03 (34)/2019

Simple sentences are modelled according to certain structural patterns linked to typical situations they represent — propositions. We consider an elementary simple clause (ESC), i.e. a clause containing only obligatory components of the situation, to be the main entity on the syntax level. ESCs can be represented by their structural schemes. Although the systems of ESCs are language specific, they also have universal core structures. This allows for comparing syntax systems of languages and dialects. Nominal simple clauses form a separate subsystem, different from that of verbal ones, due to the nature of nominal predicates themselves — they establish relations between two or more entities or notions or encode static situations. The present questionnaire was worked out in order to collect language material on main structural and semantic types of Turkic nominal sentences; it should ensure comparability of syntactic systems of Turkic languages and dialects. Here, we present our first results of research on nominal sentences obtained using the questionnaire.

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Опыт структурного описания мифа

Author(s): Dmitry Mikhailovich Segal / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/1965

The paper contains a structural analysis of motifs in three variants of a mythological story of the Tsimhian Indians (the Pacific North-west of Canada). The purpose of the analysis is to establish meaningful correlations between the syntactic and semantic structures of each variant. The syntactic analysis of the myths was carried out along the lines established by V. Propp and C. Lévi-Strauss. The semantic structure was analysed in terms of "values". The analysis resulted in the elicitation of invariant and variant syntactic and semantic patterns. The invariable order of larger motif blocks corresponds to the invariant semantic interpretation while the, changing sequence of elementary motifs reflects changes in meaning.

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Основные понятия русского традиционного синтаксиса в отношении к лексическому составу предложения

Author(s): Viktor FEDOSZOV / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3-4/2006

The paper analyses some contradictions of traditional grammar in characterizing the parts of sentences, relying on the fact that traditional grammar does not deal with the origin of the sentences. The article also examines the boundaries of traditional grammar, as a field of study. It excludes the description of the lexical structures of sentences, which construct the importance of these parts.

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ОСНОВНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА ПРОПОЗИЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ПРИ ДЕРИВАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЦЕССАХ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ФРАНЦУЗСКОГО ЯЗЫКА)

Author(s): Sergey Vladimirovich Balakin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5/2014

This article studies the basic properties of syntactic and derivational propositions in the tideway of cognitive linguistics. A proposition consists mainly of arguments (actants), predicates and circonstants. Using the French language as an example, we reveal such properties of propositions as syncretism, fractality and contractibility. Contractibility of propositions implies the number of elements which remain non-profiled in word and speech production. We show that contractedness of a propositional structure can lead to the effects of entropy, pseudo-information and implicitness, which are left out by the neighboring context.

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ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИГРОВОЙ ПОЭТИКИ ЗАГЛАВИЯ РАССКАЗА «ИСТРЕБЛЕНИЕ ТИРАНОВ» В.В. НАБОКОВА

Author(s): Gayane Maltseva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5-6/2019

The paper provides a detailed analysis of the features of the title of V.V. Nabokov’s story “Tyrants Destroyed” as an example of the iconic sign in the light of the theory of language-game poetics. The study is highly relevant, because it offers a new way to describe the features of the title text based on language game. By considering the title as an iconic sign we focused on its semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic features. The title of the story under study is as an autosemantic element and an iconic sign that will be deciphered in the text, but carries important prior information. To describe the peculiarities of the title, we used the theory introduced by Ch. Morris on the triple essence of the sign. According to this theory, the title was considered as an iconic sign: its semantics, syntactics, and pragmatics were described. The semantic and syntactic analysis of the title revealed its bipolar structure, which is generally expressed as “counteraction to action”. With the help of the pragmatic analysis, the role of inclusions in the text in the form of multiple repetition of the name Hamlet was determined. Based on the data obtained by the semantic and syntactic analysis, we concluded that the allusion emphasizes the playful nature of the text and refers to the title, which acquires an additional connotation. The introduction of the precedent name Hamlet not only helps to decode the semantic content of the title, but also reveals V.V. Nabokov’s critical point of view on another text – the tragedy of “Hamlet” by W. Shakespeare.

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Особенности семантической деривации существительных селькупского языка

Author(s): Natalia Viktorovna Dubrovskaya / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 01 (12)/2014

The article presents the first proposal of the investigation of the peculiarities of semantic derivation of noun structure in Selkup. It studies the Selkup nouns with a special type of semantic derivation, intermediate between monosemy and polysemy, which can be identified as “unaccomplished polysemy”. Here we use the data of the Selkup language and compare them with those of different languages of the Uralic family, as well as with those of genetically different languages of aboriginal nations of the Russian Federation.

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Особености на подчинените обстоятелствени изречения в „Болгарска граматика“ на Неофит Рилски

Author(s): Aleksandra Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2 (6)/2017

The features of the adverbial clauses in the “Bulgarian Grammar” by Neofit Rilski are the main topic of this paper. The article studies syntactic models and structures, types of the adverbial clauses, their position in the complex sentences and the subordinating relations. The observations are based on the excerpt of syntactic material taken from “Bulgarian Grammar” by Neofit Rilski.

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От слова-предложения к сложному предложению (при описании русского предложения)

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От слова-предложения к сложному предложению (при описании русского предложения)

Author(s): V.A. Fedosov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2012

This paper describes the typology of Russian sentences in accordance with the stages of their formation. During the analysis of Russian sentences and their use the historical method is applied, the author follows the principle of development (from simple to complex).

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Отражение гендерных стереотипов в татарских паремиях

Author(s): Fanuza Nurieva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 02 (13)/2014

The article is devoted to the gender analysis of the tokens ‘man’ and ‘woman’ on the material of the Tatar proverbs. Axiological characteristics of man’s and woman’s images were studied on the basis of physiological (features of appearance, age characteristics), psychological (personality traits, intellectual abilities, relationships between a man and a woman) and status and role characteristics (behavioral characteristics, family relations, social status, property condition). The study of gender stereotypes with linguistic and cultural perspective reveals ethnically and culturally conditioned specifics of conceptualization of masculinity and femininity in the Tatar proverbs.

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Отражение прафинно-пермских конечных гласных второго слога в эрзянском языке

Author(s): Vadim Ponaryadov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 02 (9)/2013

The article investigates the development of Proto-Finno-Permic final vowels in the Erzya language. It is demonstrated that disappearance of the etymological final *a occurs only after *a of the first syllable, and dropping of the etymological final *ä is found only after *ä and *ü. The etymological final *i partially disappears after *o, *u, *ä, *e, *i and *ü, i. e. after all vowels of the first syllable except *a.

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