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Derbe Sprache, abstoßende Geschichten? Die Unmittelbarkeit des gesprochenen Wortes als Rezeptionshürde für deutsche Dramatiker auf französischen Bühnen. Das Beispiel Gerhart Hauptmann

Author(s): Nicole Colin / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

Words can hurt: Not only in everyday life, but also in literature. Injuries that characters inflict on each other verbally can also be transferred to the recipient. This can be observed more strongly in theatre literature than in novels or poems: Spoken speech on stage trigger often more violent reactions in the audience than the same text in written form. In addition, there are various ideas about what is considered linguistically appropriate and what is not. These differences can become a problem in the context of the international circulation of literature, insofar as a basic consensus of language and behavioural standards seems to be necessary here. The deliberate use of provocative or even offensive forms of discourse as stylistic devices, which form an essential part of the artwork, represents sometimes an insurmountable obstacle to cultural transfer. An example of this phenomenon is provided by the reception of Gerhart Hauptmann’s naturalistic plays in France, which the contribution examines in the following. The analysis is based on the hypothesis that the different assessment of politeness as a universalist code of conduct in the two countries is a major reason for the rejection of Hauptmann’s work on French stages.

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Bettelsprache, höflich-derb. Einige Bemerkungen zum semantischen Doppler-Effekt

Author(s): Gabriel H. Decuble / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

Being a medium of presumably high-sensitive reflection on social life especially in its most conflicting situations, literary works dealing with beggar figures are supposed to documenthow mentality has shifted in their perception or in the presentation of their speech as it wasuttered, hoarded, and handed down during centuries of exclusion and marginalisation. However,the linguistic phenomenon itself, i.e., the way in which beggars accomplish their task at theintersection with a rather hurried public, is a domain which is not yet thoroughly studied, thestandard statements of the social sciences being largely insufficient. One needs to develop newinterpretative strategies, and the syntagm ‘semantic Doppler effect’ should satisfy this need. Itemulates the well-known acoustic effect in such a way, that begging formulas—initially perceivedas polite –tend to be subject to a mutation immediately after they fade out, as many recipients ofsuch speech acts can witness. The question arises as to where this mutation takes place, whether itis in the signal itself, in the intention of the speaker already, or whether it does not emerge until theauditor has re-coded it.

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„Ich heiße nicht Mon schär sondern Felix”. Verunsicherte Gesprächspartner und misslingende Kommunikation in E.T.A. Hoffmanns Nachtstück Der Sandmann und in seiner modernen Märchenerzählung Das fremde Kind

Author(s): Carmen Iliescu / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

The article starts by drawing attention to E.T.A. Hoffmann’s ideas of an authentic sociability, to his ideas of togetherness and focuses on two literary masterpieces that are E.T.A.Hoffmann’s reflections on failed communication between two partners. Clara calls in her letter on psychology as a corrective to the dark visions of Nathanael, Nathanael despises Clara’s cool analytical gaze at his mental and emotional condition, her prosaic viewpoint; E.T.A. Hoffmann’s Sandman shows how major differences in childhood experiences, in perceptual judgements and viewpoint can disrupt communication between two lovers, how these differences may also trigger a transgression of discursive aspects into psychopathology and into brutality. Even children like Felix and Herrmann are experiencing in E.T.A. Hoffmann’s fairy tale The Strange Child a rather threatening speech situation and negative emotions as they become subjects to a rather restrictive play of social interaction, of politeness, of social courtesy. Herrmann’s speech pattern is not efficient. Little Felix rejects the fancy formality of the pronoun „Sie” and he demands to be called by his name; he wants to be recognized as a unique soul.

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Sprachliche Konstituierung eines Wirklichkeitsausschnitts aus der amerikanischen politischen Welt

Author(s): Adriana Dănilă / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

The journalists of the Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung published in Romania (ADZ für Rumänien) comment on the political situation in America during Donald Trump's term in office and after his defeat in the election campaign, and they judge the actions of the American president and his supporters in a negative way, using pejorative means of expression. The result is a media discourse based on multi-word combinations and creative choice of words, which trigger negatively assessed nuances of meaning and that is why the discursive language product sometimes appears coarse and rude. The theoretical basis of the paper is the language action theoretical approach, the analysis of the linguistic data is carried out at the morpho-syntactic, lexical and pragmalinguistic levels.

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Von Hof über hofieren zu höflich ... Zur deutschen Höflichkeit aus linguistischer Sicht

Author(s): Mihai Crudu / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

This paper aims at analyzing the concept of politeness (Höflichkeit) from a linguistical point of view, starting from the ethymon Old High German / Middle High German hof and its original meanings. We follow the semantical and structural evolution of the output word up to the current state of the language by researching the word family with its different nuances, e.g. Hof, Gehöft, höfisch, Höfling, and also compounds as Hofgut, Hofschranze, hoffähig, Friedhof, Fronhof, Fuhrhof etc. Thus arises an overview of the semantical potencies of the analyzed lexeme.

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Gebrauch der Anredeformen im Deutschen als Fremdsprache an der Hochschule in Rumänien

Author(s): Ioana Hermine Fierbinteanu / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

The correct use of nominal and pronominal forms of address is a condition for well functioning communication. Regardless of whether the communicators use a foreign language or a second language, the forms of address are very difficult to learn and are hardly ever dealt with in class. The article deals with Romanian students at the University of Bucharest who transfer the system of Romanian (as a mother tongue) to German (as a foreign language), even though the patterns of formality and informality in the form of address vary greatly between the German and Romanian cultural spheres.

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Das Auge in der Hand. Lessings brave Enkelkinder oder Über die Grenzen des taktilen Diskurses

Author(s): Gabriel H. Decuble / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

The comparative paper attempts to answer the question of the largely lacking tactile discourse in world literature in such a way that anthropological and cultural-historical aspects are considered at the same time. These explain not so much the already indisputable primacy of the eye in literature, but rather its consequences for the reduced literary productivity of the near sense. Referring to texts by Rilke, Jandl, Celan or Henry Bachau, one can verify that the blindness motif contributes to a somewhat credible, yet still rudimental emergence of a tactile discourse. However, these are but mere exceptions in the vast realm of world literature, just like Goethe’s synaesthetic exercises in the fifth Roman Elegy are: no poetics of hands, but rather an accidental encounter of erotic gesture and lyrical reasoning.

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,,Als Hitler das rosa Kaninchen stahl" von Judith Kerr: Geschichte mit den Augen eines Kindes betrachtet

Author(s): Alexandra Nicolaescu / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

The novel 'Als Hitler das rosa Kaninchen stahl' was published 1971 in Great Britain, translated into German by Annemarie Böll in 1973 and the author Judith Kerr has been awarded just one year later with the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis. The story about nine year old Anna, who has to escape in 1933 together with her family from Nazi Germany and relocate to Switzerland and later on to France was influenced by Judith Kerr's biography. The book finds itself nowadays in the required reading lists at many German schools an has been regarded as Judith Kerr's most famous novel. It is actually part of a trilogy in which the writer expresses her own experiences while reflecting in her writing the spirit of the 1930s an 1940s. Judith Kerr presents the perspective of a child and therefore the political aspects are not at the center of the story, quite the opposite, they move to the background, while the focus is being placed on the main character's personal perception of exile and a life dominated by fear and insecurities. This perspective makes the storyline in my opinion even more revealing and touching at the same time. In the following article I aim to analyze the literary manner in which Judith Kerr transforms the story of her family into the story of a whole generation and by doing that she earns her place amongst the authors who contributed to the process of reconstruction of collective memory.

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„Mit den Gespenstern sprechen“: Die multidimensionale und multitemporale erzählende Rede als „Mut- und Schmerzprobe“ in Christa Wolfs Erzählung Leibhaftig

Author(s): Nikolaos-Ioannis Koskinas / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

Christa Wolf has always considered literature as an ideology-critical medium for questioning Culture of Remembrance and memory myths. To do this, you need to talk to the ghosts. This is achieved by creating texts that experiment with the limits of language. The present study assumes that the novel ''Leibhaftig'' is the author’s most honest and at the same time most successful attempt in this direction, a narrative experiment that aims to “transcend the boundaries of the sayable”. The narrative is a multi-perspective polyvocal literary network. Playfully, the author experiments in two directions: with different temporal perspectives and with different forms of narrator and narrative perspective. The narrative structure is multitemporal. The level of an extradiegetic-homodiegetic narrative instance in the present is interwoven with memories from some sixty years in the past as well as from the whole history of humanity. Furthermore, the story is told in two narrative voices, both in first and third-person point of view, with the change often occurring in midsentence. The result is an open text that is not afraid of leaving the wound open, of settling accounts with one’s own as well as with the collective phantoms.

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Bukarest durch die Augen eines Fremden. Stadtbilder anhand des Romans ,,Die sieben Leben des Felix Kannmacher" von Jan Koneffke

Author(s): Ana Karlstedt / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

Jan Koneffke’s 2011 novel closely follows the path of a German fugitive that fate has sent to the capital of Romania in the 1930s. The way young Felix Kannmacher perceives his new environment, his new home defines who he is and who he will become. At first, he is frightened, insecure and feels lost in a hostile space. He is overwhelmed by sensations and does not know how to master this new location. But little by little, through the aid of experience – and not always the best one – he manages to domesticate his surroundings and be reborn. The article focuses on Felix’ (the novel’s first person narrator) view on the city of Bucharest. His ever-changing relationship with this space makes the novel so special and so fruitful for and worthy of literary analysis.

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Символика на природно-мистичното пространство в творчеството на Юлиуш Словацки

Author(s): Dimitrina Hamze / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

The symbol, as an unconscious visual projection of emotional movements within the subject's psychic space, has exceptional creative power for artistic personalities. This power is manifested in the emission of valuable philosophical, intellectual, aesthetic, and spiritual messages. Thus, the unconscious origin of the symbol and its spontaneous emergence "retreat into the shadows" to make way for various interpretive suggestions. The aim of the study is to present some of the symbolism of the natural-cosmic sphere in the works of Juliusz Słowacki, with its semantic richness and diversity. The methods used include the semantic-analytical and comparative approaches.

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Китайска митология и трансмедиен сторителинг

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Китайска митология и трансмедиен сторителинг

Author(s): Elitsa Milanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The article analyzes the representation of Chinese mythology in the movie “Shang-Chi and the Legend of Ten Rings” and the movie as liguodidactic tool for learning Chinese language and culture. It studies the potential of lessons based on transmedia storytelling approach and transmedia storytelling products. Based on the new perception of knowledge as market product, the advantages of using marketing strategies for education are justified.

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THE BIPARTITE RECIPROCAL MARKER IN SERBIAN AND ITALIAN: NOVEL AGREEMENT PATTERNS

Author(s): Tanja Milićev,Micol Vianello / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

In this paper we discuss the emergence of novel agreement patterns of the bipartite reciprocal markers (BRM) jedan drugi (Serbian) and l’un(o) l’altro (Italian), both meaning ‘each other’. In Serbian, the most conclusive evidence of an ongoing change comes from novel case agreement patterns, where the first element of the BRM no longer agrees in case with the antecedent. For Italian, the absence of agreement on the first part (l’un) is understood to be a result of grammaticalization, accompanied by other symptoms such as semantic weakening. The major problems for this view are gender agreeing plural BRMs, and the fact that agreeing BRMs in general do not seem to be ‘less reciprocal’.

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CONFLICTING MUSIC AND DIALOGUE IN POPULAR TV SHOW SCENES THROUGH THE LENS OF MULTILEVEL GROUNDED SEMANTICS

Author(s): Anja Tošić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This paper aims at discussing the process of multimodal meaning construction called multilevel grounding, according to which meaning emerges hierarchically, through six recursive levels of constraint: formal, cross-modal, affective, conceptual, culturally rich, and individual. Given that this theory has found application in the cognitive science of meaning generation in music, language, and visual art, this study aims to investigate more thoroughly the nature of meaning construction when linguistic and musical data are cointegrated. To that end, we analyse 5 TV show scenes in which the dialogue and the tones heard in the background seem to be sending out contradictory signals on one/some of the six grounding levels this theory presupposes. By doing so, this study attempts to come one step closer to learning in what way language and music, even when they appear to communicate a conflicting message, still work together to create novel meaning. The results of the present study indicate that such linguo-musical mismatches occur on each of the five levels of interpretation, with the sixth level being excluded from the analysis on purpose due to its inherently subjective nature. The same phenomenon has been observed in each of the five analysed scenes, and we believe that its use was both intentional and necessary on the part of the shows’ creators to communicate the intended message in its entirety to the keenest of viewers. Namely, we argue that it is exactly these contrasts on each level of constraint that are responsible for the complex understanding of the scenes in question by introducing entirely new elements into the narrative, such as plot twists, which further leads to often humorous, but always non-composite, interpretations.

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Zu kreativen Ausdrucksformen im deutschsprachigen öffentlichen Raum

Author(s): Anna Dargiewicz / Language(s): German Issue: 33/2024

„Linguistic Landscape research is a relatively young sociolinguistic subdiscipline“, stellte 2007 Peter Backhaus fest. Das auch LL, Sprachlandschaft oder sprachliche Landschaft genannte Forschungsgebiet Linguistic Landscape beschäftigt sich mit der visuell gestalteten Sprache im öffentlichen Raum. Der Beitrag stellt sich zum Ziel, anhand des gesammelten Korpus zu beweisen, dass die Stadt nicht nur ein Ort der mündlichen Kommunikation ist, sondern auch ein Ort, wo man mittels geschriebenen Wortes kommuniziert. Darüber hinaus veranschaulicht das mithilfe der Linguistic Landscape- Recherche gewonnene Korpus, dass die im öffentlichen Raum präsenten Texte eine Bestätigung der Kreativität der Benutzer der deutschen Sprache sind. Diese Kreativität spiegelt sich in der Bildung von sprachlichen Formen wider, die in dem Beitrag ausführlich analysiert wurden. Diese Formen fallen durch ihre Eigenartigkeit auf, überraschen oder geben zu denken, wodurch sie das Interesse der Betrachter wecken. Es sind sprachliche Neubildungen, die aufgrund bekannter Regeln der deutschen Wortbildung entstehen. Es sind zugleich Beweise dafür, dass in der Gesellschaft Bedarf besteht, auf besondere, immer auffälligere Art und Weise zu kommunizieren, wobei Worte/Wortbildungsmorpheme auf bisher ungewohnte Art und Weise miteinander kombiniert werden. Dadurch weckt die mitzuteilende Information zweifelsfrei eine verstärkte Aufmerksamkeit der Rezipienten.“Linguistic landscape research is a relatively young sociolinguistic subdiscipline”, stated Peter Backhaus in 2007. The research field of Linguistic Landscape, also referred to as LL, deals with the language visible in public space. The aim of the article is to prove this on the basis of the collected corpus that the city is not only a place of oral communication, but also a space where people communicate by means of the written word. Moreover, the texts present in public space are a confirmation of the creativity of the users of the German language, which is illustrated by the corpus obtained with the help of the Linguistic Landscape research. This creativity is reflected in the formation of linguistic forms, which are formed using the familiar rules of German word formation. These word formations are striking, surprising or thought-provoking due to their peculiarity, thus arousing the interest of the readers/viewers. They are linguistic neologisms and at the same time they prove that there is a need in society for increasingly striking communication patterns, whereby words/word-forming morphemes are combined in unusual, hitherto unexplored ways. As a result, the information communicated undoubtedly attracts more attention from the recipients.

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Fremdsprachenlehren und -lernen im Fokus der Reflexionen von polnischen angehenden Lehrenden: Am Beispiel der Studierenden der Frühpädagogik

Author(s): Krzysztof Nerlicki / Language(s): German Issue: 33/2024

Pre-service second language teachers often keep in mind and orient themselves by their own experiences and beliefs acquired as learners during second language classes at school. The paper offers a presentation of experiences and beliefs of 25 Polish early childhood education students and identifies which of these beliefs changed after the students attended the second language teaching methodology course. Two areas where the change of beliefs occurred are discussed: a) attitude towards errors and their correction, and b) attitude towards the use of language in class. From the didactic point of view it is argued that university students should be confronted during their professional education with their own learning experiences as well as those of others, and that their false beliefs should be modified in order to, on this basis, train them to be reflective teachers.

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Diverse Forschungsansätze vor dem Hintergrund der Spuren von schweren, in der Sprache verewigten Zeiten – Zum Sammelband von Mariusz Jakosz und Marcelina Kałasznik (Hrsg.) Corona-Pandemie im Text und Diskurs

Author(s): Piotr A. Owsiński / Language(s): German Issue: 33/2024

The main theme of the multi-author monograph published in 2023 by Mariusz Jakosz (Katowice) and Marcelina Kałasznik (Wrocław) is a wide range of selected language changes in the context of extralingual factors in the form of the COVID-19 pandemic and related accompanying phenomena, such as fear, weakness, limitation, loneliness, helplessness, etc. The aim of the review article is to check and discuss the contribution of specific works by the individual authors, included in the monograph, representing various academic centers in Poland and Europe, and to explain and illustrate the mechanisms of language adaptation to the rapidly changing conditions of extralingual reality in the conditions of the global COVID-19 pandemic.

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Kollokabilität ausgewählter astronomischer Termini: Zur semantischen Differenzierung der Begriffe Universum, All, Weltall, Weltraum und Kosmos

Author(s): Simona Tomášková / Language(s): German Issue: 55/2023

In this paper, we aim to conduct a semantic analysis of the synonyms Universum, All, Weltall, Weltraum, and Kosmos. The examination of the collocational potential of synonyms can unveil specific restrictions in the usage of collocations and contribute to the semantic delineation of words with similar meanings. The analysed nouns and their collocations are primarily used in the field of astronomy and astrophysics to depict physical processes and properties. All the analysed terms appear to combine with collocators indicating the expansion of the universe. In the examined material, verbal collocators frequently convey aspects of movement or mobility. Collocators associated with the noun Weltraum appear to refer to the space near the Earth rather than the entire universe. This restrictive behaviour was also observed with the collocator erdnah. Additionally, the noun Weltraum is used to denote the actual space between objects in the universe. The noun Kosmos is used as a synonym of Universum or Weltall but can also be found in the domain of philosophy. In summary, we can conclude that the terms are not always strictly synonymous in meaning. The differences in their usage can be attributed to their semantic ambiguity as well as their contextual dependency.

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Variácie antropocentrizmu v národno-spoločenskej lyrike P. O. Hviezdoslava s prírodnou motivikou

Author(s): Vladimíra Vrajová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 55/2023

The paper deals with anthropocentrism in the national-social poetry of P. O. Hviezdoslav, based on the postulates of cognitive-linguistic and interdisciplinary, ecologically oriented research. The aim of the paper is to identify the manifestations of anthropocentrism in the expressive plan of P. O. Hviezdoslav’s national-social lyric poetry. The research sample consists of 69 poems that cover the whole period of the writer’s literary activity and in which images of natural elements are exposed in response to social events. In the processing of the text set, an analytical-interpretive and partly comparative approach is applied, which draws on the methodology of general linguistics (stylistics), as well as cognitive, ecologically, and pragmatically oriented linguistics. Given the literary texts under review, the terminological instrumentation of literary science is also important. The results of the research are structured along several lines. In the first case, anthropocentrism refers to the author or the lyrical subject evaluating the intra-textual percipient. The intention to sharply criticize, ridicule and judge the negative activity of the human-destroyer is reflected in the referential expressions. At the level of poetic imagery, anthropocentrism manifests itself in anthropomorphic, but also in naturomorphic, and reific metaphors that derive from the experience of the human body and from sensory empiricism. Finally, it is the central position of man as master of the earth that the lyrical subject exposes to sharp criticism through both poetic imagery and non-poetic language. At the same time, the polemic with the man-demiurg results from a privileging of the theocentric principle over the anthropocentric, but also ecocentric one.

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Návrat k slovenskej recepcii Françoisa Villona

Author(s): Ján Živčák / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 55/2023

Although autobiographic elements are not uncommon in pre-modern poetry, the identification of the lyrical I with the poet is an idea that only came into its own in the Romantic period, when poetry was definitively separated from voice, singing and recitation. Nevertheless, there are many medieval poets that have long been believed to write sincere effusions, despite the efforts of scholars to eradicate this prejudice. This fate also befell François Villon, a Parisian poet active around 1450. Positivist critics at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries approached his poetry as an authentic confession and a mirror of his life. Their historiographic works, however, combined data from archival documents with textual clues from Villon’s The Legacy and The Testament which have never proven to be true. This eclectic method was vehemently opposed in the 1970s by a new wave of critics who shifted the focus from the context to the text itself. From their vantage point, Villon’s discourse is very likely not sincere, and his lyrical I should be seen as a persona in the medieval sense of the term rather than a double of the author. Against this historical backdrop, my paper focuses on the reception of François Villon in 20th-century Slovakia. In particular, I examine the forewords, glosses and commentaries appended to Slovak translations of Villon’s poetry by Jozef Felix, one of the most prominent Romance Studies experts in the former Czechoslovakia. In Slovak academic circles, Felix’s works on Villon have so far been perceived as exemplary, ever-relevant and visionary. My analyses, however, offer a more balanced conclusion, showing that Felix is more a child of his episteme than a visionary. Although his works, dating from 1947 to 1969, are written with incredible erudition and scholarly responsibility, they bear numerous marks of biographism. Felix sees Villon’s carnivalesque universe as a photography of late medieval Paris and insists on the authenticity of Villon’s art.

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