LIETUVOS PASAKOJIMAS MOKYKLOJE: KOKĮ TURIME, KOKĮ KURSIME?
Apie pirmąjį lituanistų ir istorikų forumą
More...We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Apie pirmąjį lituanistų ir istorikų forumą
More...
Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjama, kaip vokiečių kalbos žodis ſchampar perteikiamas Liuterio „Mažojo katekizmo“ vertimuose į prūsų ir kitas baltų kalbas. Gilinamasi į šio žodžio semantiką ir kontekstą tekste originalo kalba ir vertimų kalbose. Remiamasi hermeneutiniu ir vertimo mokslo tyrimo metodais. Analizuojama, kokias jo vertimo strategijas pasirinko vertėjai.
More...
By examining the realisation of the adjective in Gothic against the original Greek, this paper explores the borderline between literalness and idiomaticity in the Gothic translation of the Bible. As a general rule, the Gothic translation follows the linearity of the Greek model very closely. Occasionally, however, Gothic strays from the Greek, the most typical types of deviation being concerned with the use of different grammatical material, function and word order. Where Gothic innovates elements unattested in the original or deviates in word order, it likely asserts its native properties. It is argued that, as a whole, the Gothic text presents in itself a mixture of truly idiomatic and marginally acceptable language.
More...
Der vorliegende Beitrag hat zum Ziel, die Rolle der Erstsprache(n) (Muttersprache(n)) im literarischen Schreiben deutschsprachiger AutorInnen nichtdeutscher Muttersprache zu untersuchen. Es wird von der Annahme ausgegangen, dass die Erstsprache die gewählte Literatursprache (Deutsch) zugewanderter AutorInnen inhaltlich und stilistisch bereichert und eine größere emotionale und empirische Assoziationsbreite beim Eintritt in das Feld der transkulturellen deutschsprachigen Literatur ermöglicht. Literarische Konkretisierungen solcher Möglichkeiten lassen sich anhand der untersuchten Werke von Kundeyt Şurdum und Vladimir Vertlib veranschaulichen. Formen der Transkulturalitätsdynamik im literarischen Schreiben K. Şurdums und V. Vertlibs werden aus der Perspektive einer mentalen und sprachlichen Dialogizität mit der Herkunftskultur betrachtet. Mehrsprachiges literarisches Schreiben und die Translationstätigkeit werden als Formen der transkulturellen Kommunikation im Kontext der Transkulturalitätsdynamik untersucht.
More...
Šio straipsnio dėmesio centre – hermeneutinė vertimo teorija ir jos taikymo aspektai. Hermeneutinė vertimo teorija išsivystė, kaip atskleidžiama darbe, iš pažinimo, t. y. hermeneutinės, filosofijos krypties, ypač iš Hanso Georgo Gadamerio (1900–2002) pažinimo interpretacijos, ir buvo pritaikyta vertimui kaip specifinei pažinimo sričiai. Vokietijos hermeneutinės vertimo teorijos mokykla, išaugusi šalia funkcionalizmo krypties, ir jos ryškiausi atstovai – Hansas Georgas Gadameris (2006), Fritzas Paepcke (1986), Radegundis Stolze (1992, 2003, 2011), Sigrida Kupsch-Losereit (2008) – suformulavo teorinę nuostatą, kad vertimas yra visų pirma pažinimas ir supratimas, taip pat interpretacija. Kadangi vertimas – tai teksto ir jo reprezentuojamos kultūros interpretacija, taigi ir socialinė paslauga, kurios užduotis – sėkmingas bendravimas tarp kultūrų, o ne lingvistinis žinios ar fakto perdavimas. Laikantis tokios nuostatos, itin didelę reikšmę įgyja vertėjo interpretacinis teksto supratimas, hermeneutinio pažinimo nulemtas vertėjo santykis su tekstu. Šiame darbe atlikta teisinių tekstų analize siekiama tai patvirtinti ir atskleisti. Straipsnyje remiamasi R. Stolze aptariamais kalbos specialiesiems tikslams (dalykinės kalbos) interpretacijos aspektais, be to, jie sujungiami su funkcionalizmo atstovės Christiane’s Nord (2005) išskirtais ekstratekstiniais veiksniais, pagal kuriuos mokslininkė siūlo analizuoti visus tekstus, nepriklausomai nuo žanro, mokslo srities ir kt. – tai leidžia pailiustruoti, kaip sąveikaujant dviem teorijoms atsiskleidžia vertėjo pasirengimas versti tekstą dar nė nepradėjus tradiciškai suvokiamo vertimo darbo – kodų kaitos.
More...
The present paper is only a small part of the investigation we have performed into the evolution of how the meaning of colour is represented in contemporary LSP texts. The English language is undergoing a process of change characterized by a tendency towards the extension of the meaning of lexical units. This tendency can be observed in the semantic field of colour, which is a significant component of the cognitive models that enable both an understanding and representation of reality. Having studied multiple sources and analyzed numerous examples illustrating the historical evolution of this phenomenon, we aim to demonstrate both the complex, multifaceted nature of colour terms and their possible application in the designation of concepts and the formation of new terms. Within the scope of this paper, we have investigated the mechanisms of how contemporary colour-based terms are formed with the additional aim of broadening the perception of colour term applications.
More...
Formulaic language is widely acknowledged to be a central part of a language. However, it is heterogeneous in nature, made up of various formulaic categories with their own characteristics and behaviour. A first step towards systematically describing the relationship between these categories is to describe their distribution in language. This study investigated the frequency of occurrence of four categories of formulaic sequences: collocations, phrasal verbs, idiomatic phrases, and lexical bundles. Together the four categories made up about 41% of English, with lexical bundles being by far the most common, followed by collocations, idiomatic phrases and phrasal verbs. There were differences in the frequencies of each category in the overall corpus, and also in the four registers analysed (academic prose, fiction, newspaper language, and spoken conversation). Language mode (spoken/written) had a substantial effect on the frequency distribution of the categories as well.
More...
The paper deals with the history of the Department of Scandinavian Studies in Vilnius University.
More...
Время неумолимо отдаляет нас от периода жизни и деятельности ученого, зна- комого каждому лингвисту со страниц вузовского учебника. Земной путь Нико- лая Вячеславовича Крушевского был недолог, а частая смена мест проживания, которые сегодня находятся в разных государствах, и отсутствие личного архива привели к тому, что о его жизни известно сравнительно мало.
More...
В августе 2016 г. в Вильнюсе прошла VI международная междисциплинар- ная конференция “Письменное наследие и информационные технологии. El’Manuscript–2016”1. Конференции этой серии проходят каждые два года, при этом иx география постоянно расширяется: первые четыре были проведены в России (2006 г. — Ижевск, 2008 г. — Казань, 2010 г. — Уфа, 2012 г. — Петро- заводск), пятая прошла в Болгарии (2014 г. — Варна), шестая — в Вильнюсе, проведение седьмой конференции планируется в 2018 г. в Австрии, в Вене. На шести конференциях было заслушано в общей сложности более 500 докладов ученых из Австрии, Болгарии, Грузии, Великобритании, Германии, Испании, Италии, Казахстана, Канады, Латвии, Литвы, Нидерландов, Норвегии, Сербии, США, России, Украины, Франции, Чехии, Эстонии и других стран.
More...
8–11 сентября 2016 г. в Латвийском университете (г. Рига) и Вентспилсской выс- шей школе (г. Вентспилс) прошла третья Международная научная конференция “Языковые контакты и контрасты”. Традиция проведения Международных на- учных конференций, посвященных данной тематике, была заложена в 2008 г., когда на факультете гуманитарных наук Латвийского университета прошла пер- вая конференция под этим названием. Вторая конференция состоялась в 2013 г. (“Языковые контакты и контрасты II”). Участники первых двух конференций цикла сошлись во мнении, что данная исследовательская проблематика важна не только для Латвии, но и для всего региона Балтийского моря, так как здесь веками соприкасались различные культуры, традиции и языки, и историческое развитие региона происходило и происходит под знаком мультилингвизма.
More...
19–20 сентября 2016 г. на Кафедре славянской филологии Торуньского уни- верситета им. Николая Коперника (Польша) состоялась третья международная научная конференция “Старообрядцы в зарубежье: история, религия, язык, культура”, посвященная, как сказано в информационном сообщении, “разнообразным аспектам жизни старообрядцев вне России и за пределами юрисдик- ции Русской православной церкви”1. В работе конференции приняли участие исследователи из Польши, Латвии, Литвы, Эстонии и России. Всего на конфе- ренции было прочитано около 30 докладов (к сожалению, некоторые из заяв- ленных участников не смогли приехать).
More...
Using dialectometric methods and instruments,the article analyzes one of the new dialectal derivatives–the geolect of Pasvalys, located in the northern part of Eastern Aukštaitians of Panevėžys. The aim is to find the strong and weak dialectal features of this geolect and to identify its dominant dialectal variants.10-hour recordings and 60 simple-structure sentences reflecting the primary, secondary and tertiary dialectal features have been analyzed in order to achieve the research aim. The recorded sentences were uttered by nine respondents of three generations:the oldest, the middle-aged and the youngest. The respondents live in the regions of Joniškėlis, Pasvalys and Daujėnai, which are interconnected by the strongest, closest, densest and the most complex socio-cultural networks. The dialectal data, which includes the recorded sentences transcribed by IPA, was statistically calculated and quantified using the tools of the Gabmap software. The network pseudo map, reference point pseudo maps, cluster analysis pseudo maps and differential dialectal features were analyzed. The quantitative data analysis has shown that the dialectal variant used in the regions of Joniškėlis, Pasvalys and possibly Daujėnai is affected by the processes of convergence. The most stable dialectal features are used in the region of Joniškėlis. They (as well as the forms of standard language) change or supplement the dialectal features of the subdialects of Pasvalys and Daujėnai spoken in the eastern part of the area of Eastern Aukštaitians of Panevėžys (the direction of its spread is the eastern part of the area of the subdialect) and form the basis of the dialectal features of Pasvalys geolect. Both stable and changing primary, secondary and tertiary dialectal features were found in the speech of the respondents of all the three-generations. The change of dialectal features, or convergence,is the strongest in the youngest generation. It is similarly strong in the middle-aged and in the oldest generations. However, in the speech of young people, most of the primary dialectal features coexist with the secondary and tertiary ones.Thus, the formation of Pasvalys geolect is based on the more stable(rather than changing)strong variant used in Joniškėlis, which is marked by a high degree of vitality.
More...
By focusing on public communication, the current study aims to investigate how the concepts of solidarity and equality have influenced the norms of public communication in the West (Scandinavia) and what differences can be found in the context of Lithuania, where the late modernity did not follow the same patterns as in Western societies. This comparative study takes a diachronic approach to the use of the pronouns du/De and tu/Jūs and other address forms in Danish and Lithuanian. We examine these forms in view of democratization processes and the decreasing level of formality in the two societies. The question in focus is how address forms are used in Lithuanian and Danish dialogues in TV-series, which represent everyday communication between strangers in the second half of the 20th century and the 21st century. The empirical data for the research consists of two Danish series ”Ka' De li' østers?” (1967) and ”Bedrag” (2016-2019), as well as two Lithuanian TV-series ”Petraičių šeimoje” (1964-1972) and ”Giminės. Gyvenimas tęsiasi 3” (2017).The study covers almost six last decades and analyzes different forms of address that speakers use to meet the appropriate level of formality in daily conversations. The results have revealed significant differences in the development of Lithuanian and Danish societies and formal communication. The data indicates that Danish dialogues have become less formal over time,public communication emphasizes equality of interlocutors and does not mark differences in social status. Communication between Lithuanians remains formal; the results suggest that the choice of strategies in Lithuanian dialogues between strangers correspond to those used by Danes in the second half of the 20th century.However, it maybe assumed that the process of informalisation in Lithuanian public communication is still in progress.
More...
The noun phrase (NP), one of the key elements of a sentence, can reveal the characteristics of a learner’s linguistic competence. The present study focuses on actual decomposition of NP in the predicate construction. This is when the attribute elements of a noun phrase are included in the predicate construct as factoractualized determinants. In this position, the copula verb is merely a grammatical means of allowing the attribute to become a predicate (Gaulmyn, Basset 1991: 177).The aim of the study being a more thorough investigation of the criteria and peculiarities of producing this type of predicate constructs in learner language, the present research is based on the empirical material from the Lithuanian learner corpus. The paper briefly discusses the concept of the predicate construction and describes the process of compiling the learner corpus as well as the principles of data selection. The analysis of the NP in a predicate construction is then presented, and the characteristic cases from the corpus data are examined. The main limitation of the present study is related to the scope of the learner corpus. Having summarized the results of the quantitative and qualitative research, the following conclusions were formulated. The learner language is dominated by NP predicate constructions with an adjective more often than a noun. As to the verb conjunction, the typical attribute verb être ‘to be’ was the only one widely used in the corpus under investigation. The analysis of the corpus data also revealed a number of specific errors that are typical of the learners’ written language. In general, the predictive constructions in the learners’ language are characterized by the omission of redundancy tags in the grammatical categories of gender and number. The analysis of the learner corpus provided a broader look at the NP in a predicate construction, highlighting the simplicity, conciseness and repetition of this construct. The results of the study are important for a more comprehensive description of the learners’ language, for solving problems in foreign language analysis, and for contributing to the quality of teaching and learning the French language.
More...
The paper aims to reveal the process of face and power construction in the context of political TV debates in Lithuania and to analyse face threatening acts (FTAs) in terms of propositional content and orientation to the addressee’s face. This study adopts the qualitative content analysis approach to analyse 360 minutes of political debates broadcasted before the 2016 Lithuanian parliamentary elections. The current paper presents the concept of impoliteness, which is later applied in the empirical analysis to address two main objectives: (a) to analyse the process of face and power construction in political TV debates and (b) to study FTAs in terms of propositional content and orientation to the addressee’s face. The results of the study have revealed that politicians seek to get more power by producing FTAs towards their opponents; a zero-sum game metaphor can be used to describe this process. Also, the analysis of FTAs has demonstrated that politicians tend to apply both negative and positive impoliteness strategies. The analysis of FTAs in terms of propositional content has shown that politicians are mostly described as the ones who are lying, hiding the truth, and have performed wrong and ineffective actions in the past. This suggests that participants in Lithuanian political TV debates seek to damage their rival’s face in a way which does not harm their own face by applying indirect – positive and negative – impoliteness strategies and by negatively describing their opponents’ professionalism and general competencies.
More...
This study investigates functions of code-switching based on the model proposed by René Appel and Pieter Muysken. Code-switching is an interesting sociolinguistic phenomenon characteristic to bilingual and multilingual communities. It involves the use of different languages within the boundaries of a single sentence or between sentences in one specific domain or discourse. It is an individual language choice determined by such factors as the topic, the situation, the participants of a conversation, their interrelationship, emotions, and demonstration of one or more identities. On this basis, Appel and Muysken (2005) identified six functions of code-switching: referential, directive, expressive (related to identity), phatic (metaphorical), metalinguistic and poetic. This paper sets out to achieve several goals: (a) to find out which of these functions appear in the Facebook discourse of young people originated from Šalčininkai district, (b) to identify the main types of functions in girls’ and boys’ profiles, and (c) to study the frequency of the functions with regard to the variable of gender. The research material consists of 1 048 posts and comments published in 2017–2018 and obtained from 30 Facebook profiles. The dataset represents young people aged between 20 and 30 years, with Polish as their school language. Facebook posts and comments are investigated from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. The research results show that functionally code-switching is similar in both girls’ and boys’ Facebook discourse. On the profiles of both genders, the number of functions is identical, but the frequency of these functions varies. In the datasets of both genders, the most predominant function is directive, which appears when languages change depending on the language chosen by the interlocutor. This research could be informative for sociolinguists who investigate electronic discourse of young people from South East Lithuania and for those who focus on how environment influences the emergence of different linguistic codes on Facebook. The research could also stimulate greater interest of sociolinguists in the conversational features of residents in Šalčininkai district.
More...
The paper aims to analyse and compare children’s acquisition of phonotactic patterns in two regional areas in Lithuania: Southern Samogitia and Western High Lithuania. The sample of the study consisted of 48 children: 24 children living in Kelmė (representing the Raseiniškiai subdialect of Southern Samogitian) and 24 children living in Kaunas area (representing the Kauniškiai subdialect of Western High Lithuanian). The data was collected using a non-word repetition test task in Lithuanian.In general, since in Lithuanian dialects vowels differ more than consonants, the pronunciation of vowels serves as one of the main criteria used to define dialects. The main dialect divisions are based on the variants of the stressed diphthongs uo and ie when they occur in the non-final position in a word. In the Samogitian subdialects, the vowels o and ė are pronounced as uo and ie (for example, kuoje [= koja] and dieti [= dėti]); the diphthongs uo and ie are pronounced as long vowels ū and ī.The results of the current research have disclosed that some features of the Raseiniškiai subdialect of Southern Samogitian prevail in children’s language. For example, instead of the vowel o, children employ uo: geluoša [= geloša], talabuosa [= staligosa]; instead of the vowel u, they opt for uo: lasmuove [= lasmuvi]; and instead of the vowel e, they tend to use ei: šveila [= švela].The results of the research also demonstrate that Lithuanian children apply the typical universal strategies of pronunciation simplification, mostly substitution and omission; other strategies, such as consonant assimilation, metathesis, sound migration to another syllable, and sound addition, were much less frequent.
More...
The paper analyzes the results of a sentence repetition task performed by Lithuanian L2 speakers of different language proficiency levels. This paper focuses on a set of targeted verb forms included in the task because they are less likely to occur in free production. The different forms the speakers produced are analyzed by considering their correspondence (or not) to the targeted form, by comparing the speakers among each other with respect to their learner variety and by comparing the task results to the repertoire of the same speaker in the free production data. In multiple cases of failed re-production, the analysis examines what the targeted forms were substituted with and tries to identify possible reasons for such substitution. This analysis confirms the general inability of the basic variety speakers to distinguish between morphologically different forms and the dominant trend showing that L2 learners are more meaning-focused than form-focused. The analysis also shows growing implicit knowledge, or at least gradual passive acquisition, of the less frequent forms as the speaker advances in the post-basic continuum.
More...