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Stawizniske a rěčespytne dohlady
This article deals with two texts from 1745: They comprise the two oldest known letters in Sorbian language. The sender, Johannes Jacobæi, was born in the former Habsburg-Hungarian town of Modra, and had studied in Wittenberg. He was a resident of Dresden at the time of writing these letters. These documents were created in the context of his, in the end, unsuccessful application to obtain the post of the Sorbian diaconate in Lübben. Certain linguistic features contained in both documents are discussed in the article. The question of whether Jacobæi composed these letters in Lower Sorbian/Wendish himself, or whether he received help from someone proficient in the language cannot be answered definitively. Certain Czech and Slovak linguistic features used in the texts perhaps indicate that Jacobæi was the author himself.
More...Potenzielle gemeinsame Forschungsfelder Im Andenken an Ernst Eichler, dessen Horizont weit über die Namenetymologie hinausging
Onomastics is a very broad, diverse area of research. It is not only a branch of linguistics, but it also offers numerous points of contact with historical, social and cultural studies. In the past, research into Sorbian names concentrated on diachronic studies, especially on place and personal names. In future, it will be necessary to broaden the attention to other questions, which are presented in the article. From these will flow potentially fruitful areas of knowledge for Sorbian studies. These are not only to be found in the “classical” thematic areas of diachronically organized etymological investigation. The focus is rather on areas of research, which concentrate on the present day, namely on the function of names in the most diverse areas of culture and society, on the communication of current onomastic knowledge to those interested outside an academic audience, and on the integration of onomastics into interdisciplinary contexts. The relevant areas of research are outlined thematically.
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The second name “Schiebock” for the town of Bischofswerda was developed in the 20th century as a playful abbreviation of the real place name. This kind of process can also be demonstrated in relation to other four-syllabled place names in Upper Lusatia. There is no evidence of the influence of Sorbian on the formation of the name Schiebock. There is also no firm historical evidence of a popular etymological derivation of the name from the use of pushcarts, nor of a linguistic derivation from a fictitious Sorbian place name Přibok. There is no need to claim that there was a Sorbian village of Přibok on the banks of the Wesenitz, and as a result the problem of the handing down of the name, not documented until 1973, disappears. The connection to the pushcart, as a subsidiary association, remains in place in the derivation presented, without there being an assumption that there is a connection to particular historical events in the history of the town.
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Preferences in gender linguistics can include both making clear gender distinctions in speech in relation to individual persons, as well as using gender-neutral descriptions of people. Both aims can only be fulfilled in Sorbian by using complex formal structures, as the inflectional category of gender in Sorbian is based on the obligatory expression of gender differences when referring to people. In particular, the claimed departure in German gender linguistics from the “generic masculine” could only be achieved in Sorbian at the expense of linguistic economy. This applies more to Upper Sorbian than to Lower Sorbian, which has after all given up gender differentiation in plural inflection, also in parts of the dual. It is proposed that any gender linguistic moves in Sorbian should take Slavic languages as their model, e. g. Polish, rather than German.
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Being able to communicate effectively is regarded as one of the most important life skills to acquire. Having good communication skills helps in all aspects of life - from personal to professional life. Poor communication in the workplace can lead to misunderstandings, frustration, confusion as well as to a tense environment which does not encourage employees to be productive and open to collaboration. Besides solid technical knowledge, engineering employers attach a lot of importance to strong communication skills which are becoming imperative as the enginering industry continues to evolve. Unfortunately, there is evidence that most graduate engineers lack the communication skills they need in the workplace. An employer who sees improving communication skills as a top priority and invests time and effort in reaching this objective is an asset to any organisation.
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La langue maternelle (Langue arabe) est la première langue (L1) que l'enfant algérienapprend auprès de ses parents et à l'école. Le sentiment de maîtrise et de facilité de cette langueentraîne une certaine sensation de sécurité linguistique et affective chez les apprenants.Parallèlement, dans les autres langues étrangères, comme la langue française, certains apprenantsalgériens ont tendance à se retrouverdans des situations stressantes face à des problèmes pluscomplexes comme par exemple l’emploi des prépositions françaises à l’écrit. Ainsi, l’enseignementde la langue arabe permet aux apprenants du FLE la maîtrise totale de l'expression écrite etorale. Cet enseignement, qui est un facteur très important participe au développement de leurspersonnalités, mais, il doit les doter d'un instrument linguistique de base pour faciliterl'apprentissage des langues étrangères.
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The article aims at emphasising the importance of prepositions in language learning andteaching. Identifying the relationship the preposition can establish with other parts and units ofspeech represent a difficulty for non-native learners of English. During ESP courses, the teachershould focus on examining prepositions in context and explaining the use of prepositions to learnersto help them avoid errors in speaking or writing. Due to poor knowledge of the English language orto the mother tongue's influence during the language acquisition process, non-native learners ofEnglish might be unaware of the mistakes they make as regards the use of prepositions
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Notre ouvrage se propose de présenter la place et le rôle de l’exercice dans la classe defrançais professionnel. Les protagonistes du processus d’enseignement, l’apprenant etl’enseignant, travaillent ensemble pour que le premier arrive à maîtriser le français et àl’employer de manière efficace lors d’une interaction professionnelle.
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Language is a living organism in continual change. Lexical innovations are part of thedevelopment of any society and their role is to either depict a reality in its very essence or tocreate a powerful stylistic effect on the readers. Irrespective of their stability or transiency in thelanguage, these terms give zest and grandeur to any historical age.
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Cette contribution essaie de répondre à la problématique de la dénomination officielledes communes. Nous avons choisi de travailler sur la base Aïn et ses caractérisants dans le butde dégager les catégories sémantiques auxquelles ils appartiennent, en passant par les languesmises en œuvre dans leur constitution et les catégories grammaticales de ces constituants. Ladistinction entre les toponymes constitués des mêmes composants était au cœur de notre analysepour savoir par quels procédés cela est réalisé. Un nombre de six procédés étaient, donc,employés pour distinguer les toponymes ayant le même caractérisant. Nous avons doncl’allongement, le rajout d’un déterminant défini, l’usage de variétés linguistiques différentes, lavariation graphique, l’usage de catégories grammaticales différentes concernant les mots de lamême famille et enfin la paronymie.
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This paper demonstrates that T.S. Eliot’s Waste Land is a magic incantation to restorethe lost values of the Western culture on realistic foundations. The poem’s intertextuality,together with its versification are analyzed in order to show Eliot’s view on Western man’shistory: one of sin, fall and increasing decay. The main argument is that, through his poem, Eliotis attempting to restore humanity and its destiny away from the sad history in which it was castfrom the beginning.
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This paper introduces the potentials of crossing critical rhetoric and Critical Discourse Analysis in analyzing public discourse concerning one of the “corona topics”, namely institutional communication about the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. The application of two complementary theoretical frameworks reveals discourse negotiation and naturalization of power and ideology in a persuasive discursive practice of issuing successive contradictory messages regarding the vaccine’s safety.
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