We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Development based on knowledge and innovation is one of the main priorities of economic policy in the European Union (EU) countries. It was included in the Europe 2020 strategy, which obliged the EU countries to take measures to strengthen their innovation capacity. The effects of these activities are monitored using indicators to assess the ability of the economy to create and implement innovation and to assess the effects of innovative activity. The article presents an assessment of the degree of achievement of the objectives included in the Europe 2020 strategy for the development based on knowledge and innovation. The analysis used innovation indicators indicating the leaders. The analysis shows the ability to create knowledge and innovation and innovation activity of enterprises and its effects.
More...
One of the five objectives of the Europe 2020 strategy is to increase expenditure on research and development in Europe to 3% of GDP. It is assumed that the achievement of this goal will be possible primarily through increased funding for innovation and research. This policy aims to contribute to the creation of new jobs, increase competitiveness and economic growth. One of the dimensions of such a strategic aim is the issue of human resources necessary to implement the objectives set out in the document. Analyses indicate that there is a need to increase the appropriate resources needed to achieve the planned objectives. The article presents statistics on the number of researchers and human resources in research and development in the EU countries, pointing to the challenges arising from the content of the Europe 2020 strategy.
More...
This article analyzes empirically the impact of job search through social networks on wages. Individual data are used from the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) and the regression combining and decomposition methods to estimate the effect of social networks for Poland and 19 other countries. In the analyzed cases generally the null hypothesis cannot be rejected of no wage effect of social networks. At the same time the results indicate a positive effect on the wages of private employment agencies and employment agencies operating at universities and schools.
More...
The article discusses the innovation of social service entities operating in the Member States of the European Union. The characteristics, circumstances and objectives of innovative services in these units are presented. The methods of the work organizing on new solutions to improve service activities are described in this paper. The analysis was based on the study conducted by The Gallup Organization.
More...
The paper presents the technological changes made to the CSO from the purchase of the first Powers and Hollerith punch-cards machines in the twenties then starting in 1967 computerization and automation of works in the CSO and the Central Statistical Library, to the creation of the CSO information WWW, reporting and geo-statistical portals, development of warehousing and databases in the last years.
More...
This paper presents the characteristics of Special Economic Zones (SEZ). Law acts were given which govern their operation. Effects of their operation for communities and the economy of the country were described, too. The presented data show the value of such variables as aid targeted to each SEZ, their area, the number of permits to start a business, the amount of capital expenditure and the number of created work places.
More...
The article includes an attempt to analyze the cultural potential of Warsaw, Krakow, Lodz, Wroclaw and Poznan. Selected characteristics for the analyze were grouped by categories: cultural resources, activities associated with the cultural sector and effects of development. The study used three different methods in the field of numerical taxonomy: Perkal’s natural Index Method natural, Hellwig’s pattern development method and agglomeration methods. This article aims to examine whether the results are consistent with each other, and if they are, to what extent?
More...
The aim of the article is to present results of a survey of long-term unemployed people in the Sulęcin powiat. The analysis refers to the family, financial, situation of respondents, their activities of daily living, qualifications, activities aimed at professional activation and their relation to activities undertaken by employment offices. In years 2012–2014 the Local Labour Office in Sulęcin has been executor of an innovative project in collaboration with a German company. The authors of this paper took part in this project, realizing stage Analysis and diagnosis of the problem of long-term unemployment in the Sulęcin powiat.
More...
The author presents supplementary measures of labour market status in Poland. In 2011, Eurostat proposed to use three new measures of describing the situation on the labour market to supplement the classification of the International Labour Organisation. Definitions of these measures are discussed, and the calculations for Poland in the period 2006–2010 are presented. Isolating those on the borderline between work and unemployment, and unemployment and inactivity, allows to better understand changes in the labour market. Looking from the stocks and flows in the labour market, the most important among newly introduced groups are the economically inactive people not looking for work but ready to take it.
More...
The study presents the results of surveying the opinion of career advisors about selected aspects of functioning of the lifelong education in the Wałbrzych sub-region. Ordinal scales and fuzzy numbers were applied in the measurement of the advisors' opinion. Such an approach allowed to take into account the ambiguity and the inaccuracy in the replies provided by the respondents. The analysis of the responses enabled to work out the ranking of the importance of the factors associated with the development of the lifelong education in the Wałbrzych sub-region and to make an appraisal of these factors. The study also identifies the future – according to career advisors – directions of the lifelong education in this sub-region and the scope of trainings which could improve the quality and the effectiveness of the advisory process conducted by career advisors.
More...
The article presents the results of research on the EU regions (NUTS 2) convergence. The subject of discussion was both sigma and beta convergence (absolute and conditional). The study was conducted among the regions together, and in the isolated regions such as classes according to the level of economic development and innovation. The analysis was performed using the standard deviation of the logarithm of the product (due to the assessment of the absolute convergence) and models for panel data (due to the convergence of both types of evaluation). This allowed not only the comprehensive analysis, but also to control the accuracy of the results.
More...
NOUS stays for Netzwerk für Ordnungsökonomik und Sozialphilosophie, or in English: “Network for constitutional economics and social philosophy”, please visit the website (https://nous.network/en/) to familiarize yourself with the intentions of the group. Currently, the Network has about 80 members, world famous professors in constitutional economics and law, history of ideas and institutions, politics and social philosophy. In addition, it cooperates with the Atlas Network and five institutes from Germany. This “German Connection” is logical – the attention to the Economics of Social Order (or constitutional economics, in more international professional slang) was, perhaps, most profoundly elaborated by German and Austrian social philosophers and economists.
More...an investigation from the high north European cities
The European High North (EHN) region faces distinct challenges in terms of socio-economic, cultural and environmental infrastructure. As a peripheral region, it is usually characterised as being geographically distant, with a sparse population, relatively poor physical and economic infrastructure, and far from major administrative hubs located mostly in its southern areas. Integrating new technology as a well-established phenomenon, particularly digital innovation, in regional development strategies has been found enormously relevant and beneficial for the citizens inhabiting this region. In effect, the EHN’s sustainability depends on the efficient management of land use and natural resources, economic and human activities, and services and facilities. The expansion of digital technology and its appearance in many areas of the everyday lives of people and communities provide better efficiencies in the context of service design and infrastructural development. Given that the EHN is relatively better progressed than similar peripheral regions and has therefore set an example of modern development in the area of digitalisation, this paper analyses the realities of the cities of Tromsø in Norway and Rovaniemi in Finland as case studies of providing potentially ‘smarter’, efficient, and modern services that combine development, sustainability, and human wellbeing.
More...
The article aims to present the problems of conflicted memories about mass murders of communists and suspected communist sympathisers in Indonesia in 1965 in the context of unsettled traumatical past and social denial. The author outlines some questions of difficulties in settling the past crimes of the Suharto regime, such as the tangled practices of remembering and forgetting, nationalism and history gaps in history school books, and the inability to shame and to take a responsibility for past crimes. In Indonesia, still the grand national narration is visible, in which the army headed by General Suharto protected the state from the communist treachery. This narration persistently obscures the approximately one million deaths, torture and imprisonment of thousands of people. The tangled memory, social denial and actively generated silence which are maintained by both state and society do not let the Indonesian nation to move forward.
More...
W artykule przedstawiono zmiany w języku ukraińskim po odzyskaniu przez Ukrainę niepodległości. Przed 1991 rokiem władza radziecka – prócz znanych z czasów Rosji carskiej różnego rodzaju zakazów ‒ stworzyła system ingerencji w wewnętrzne prawa językowe, zabraniając jednych wyrazów, konstrukcji syntaktycznych czy zasad ortograficznych, a propagując inne, bliższe językowi rosyjskiemu, który de facto posiadał pozycję dominującą w każdej prawie dziedzinie. Doprowadziło to do nienormalnej sytuacji językowej, nieświadomego mieszania języka ukraińskiego i rosyjskiego, do „rozchwiania” norm języka ukraińskiego zarówno fonetycznych, jak i morfologicznych, a także norm syntaktycznych oraz łączliwości leksykalnej. Dlatego też po 1991 roku ‒ prócz zmian w systemie leksykalnym, związanych z rozwojem nauki, techniki oraz przekształceniami politycznymi i ekonomicznymi ‒ obserwujemy dążenie do odejścia od form zrusyfikowanych, naruszających normy ukraińskiego języka literackiego i powrót do starych rodzimych tradycji językowych. // The article discusses changes in Ukrainian after Ukraine had regained independence. Prior to 1991, the Soviet authorities – apart from various prohibitions known from the time of Russian tsars – had created a system of interfering in internal laws of language, prohibiting certain words, syntactic constructions or orthographic rules, and propagating others, closer to Russian, which had a virtually dominating position in nearly all fields. This led to an abnormal linguistic situation, the unconscious fusing of Ukrainian and Russian, both at the level of phonetics and morphology as well as syntactic norms and collocations. That is why, after 1991 – apart from changes in the lexical system, associated with developments in science, technology and political and economic transformations – we can observe the tendency to depart from Russified forms, which violate the norms of Ukrainian literary language, and to return to old native linguistic traditions.
More...
The contemporary local governments in the public sphere face the need to undertake multiple actions in response to the existing social problems. In order to solve these problems, The West Pomeranian units of local government use the normative, confidence-based forms of inter-sector cooperation. By transmitting the catalogue of public tasks into the area of their own tasks, the gminas and counties in West Pomeranian Voivodeship develop public policies at their level. Hence, if within a democratic politic-legal order non-governmental organizations are an attribute of a civic society, they should occupy a specific position in co-designing and implementing public tasks. Does West Pomeranian Voivodeship develop public policies based on participation of the non-governmental organizations? If so, in which extent?
More...Commentary piece
Studying cartoons in Romanian humorous news is a great way to underline the diversity of humour’s mechanisms and construction. The common topic of cartoons in Romanian media is politics, but there are also a great number of cartoons exploring subjects such as art, science, society or famous people. Unlike verbal humour, wherein incongruities are text-based, in cartoons, incongruities can emerge through the interaction of image and text, between two elements in the image, or even between the texts in the balloons (Hempelmann & Samson 2008). The present study aims at analysing how humour emerges differently, depending on their topic, in cartoons created by the Romanian humorous media websites Times New Roman and Academia Catavencu, as these have been the two of the most controversial humorous news websites for quite some time. I intend to argue that, when it comes to political cartoons, the methods of humour are quite complex, equally relying on the image and the text, using polysemy, paronymy or syllepsis to create humour, while cartoons about society or gossip are usually based on implicitness and exaggeration, mostly found in images and symbols, as the targeted topics or people do not require such a complex background in order to make readers laugh. I have also observed that cartoons that rely less on text have more powerful symbols, which are full of various significations that help the readers make all the necessary connections to correctly interpret the image.
More...Jonathan Waterlow (2018). It’s Only a Joke, Comrade! Humour, Trust and Everyday Life Under Stalin (1928-1941). Oxford: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
More...