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The Conference was an opportunity for young scholars, students and school youth to meet and create a space for themselves to present their research pursuits. During the conference, issues related to broadly understood security were discussed. The 4th National Student Conference “Youth for Security” was the fourth of the cycle of annual scientific meetings dedicated to this topic.
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The article is an attempt to summarize the efforts to date to achieve full combat capability of the Polish territorial defense forces. The authors emphasize the importance of territorial defense forces against state threats in the 21st century. They synthetically capture the genesis of the uprising, the role and tasks set for these forces in various states of state functioning. They analyze the legal legitimacy of these forces in the national security system. They describe the goals set for territorial defense forces from the point of view of the current defense needs of the state, as well as the requirements for their structures and functions in this respect.
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This article attempts to present the phenomenon of terrorism, including the definition problems it poses. The impact of terrorism on the sense of security and public order on the example of terrorist events that have taken place in Europe in recent years. An analy- sis of the law in force in Poland was carried out in terms of the operation of the leading service, which is the Police during a crisis situation, which is undoubtedly a terrorist event. The flow of information about the incident is presented, from the first phone informing about the incident to the appointment of a police operation commander. The role of the police commander, including his powers resulting from statutory provisions, was subjected to a special assessment.
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Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne jest bardzo ważnym elementem systemu bezpieczeństwa narodowego. Współcześnie można zaobserwować trend wzrastającego popytu na energię. Ze względu na to, niezbędne jest podejmowanie działań z zakresu bezpieczeństwa energetycznego, które mają na celu zapewnienie niezawodności sektora energetycznego państwa. Do głównych zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa energetycznego zalicza się: zagrożenia wynikające z możliwości przerwania dostaw energii, wynikające z uszkodzeń infrastruktury wytwórczej i przesyłowej, zagrożenia atakiem cyberterrorystycznym, o charakterze ekonomicznym oraz wynikające z wyczerpania się zasobów nośników energii i zużycia infrastruktury energetycznej. Zagrożeniom bezpieczeństwa energetycznego można zapobiegać poprzez prowadzenie dywersyfikacji, gromadzenie rezerw strategicznych oraz zawieranie kontraktów. W celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego ważne jest podejmowanie współpracy międzynarodowej.
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The functions performed by the natural environment, including the forest, for the needs of society, require special protection by the state administration and public order services. Deliberate violation of the laws of nature, by human action, leads to an increase in threats to the level of safety through inappropriate waste management or fires. It seems reasonable that, apart from the legal system and the prosecution of perpetrators of crimes against the environment, it is necessary to conduct proper education or social campaigns for environmental protection. This study is an attempt to indicate the basic principles necessary to comply with the law of nature protection and the impact on the level of the sense of security and minimizing the risks of inappropriate use of natural resources.
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The article eisdevoted to the issues of security threats caused by unexploded dord- nance and dangerous materials of military origin. Despite the fact that many decades have passed since the end of hostilities, unexploded bombs from the world wars are still very dangerous. The author presents the activities of engineering troopssub units in the are a of taking and neutralizing the sethreats. It indicates the need for education for safety in order to minimizethreats. The aim of the articleis to show the threats in the Lubuskie Voivodeship.
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The right to a fair trial is a fundamental human right. It is all the more important when the right to a fair trial is infringed more and more frequently in various regions of the world. Therefore, selected ECHR judgments were analysed.
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Legal procedures in Europe must comply with the principles of procedural fairness. These rules include a set of conditions ensuring real, fast and effective consideration of the case in accordance with guarantees stipulated under Article 6 and Article 13 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights, taken by jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights.The article presents the characteristics of Polish court proceeding in the scope of enforcing the effectiveness of public administration activities in the light of these requirements. Legal remedies to prevent tardiness of administration actions as well as discipline efficiency and speed of national administrative proceedings within this system were also discussed.
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The main research purpose of the following article is to indicate selected models and methods of the Europeanisation of public administration, as well as their legal and social aspects. As a result of the research material selection, the article also attempts to indicate how certain conditions have influenced the processes of Europeanization. The political and legal context of preparing public administration (both government and local) for effective participation in the European Union public policies was also highlighted.
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The article deals with the issue of the impact of the crisis in the euro area on Poland's membership in the euro area. The program of work that the European Union has imposed on individual countries was shown, as well as the position of Poland in this area.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the socio-economic development of different regions of Poland and the number and structure of the most frequent crimes committed in them. The study clearly shows that crimes related to corruption and theft are most frequently committed in the richer regions of Poland, while the number of crimes related to damage to property decreased with the level of socio-economic development. Among the analyzed crimes, the highest correlation with macroeconomic variables was observed in the case of theft and corruption crimes; a particularly strong relationship was found between corruption and the level of GDP and wages, and between the number of thefts and the stock of housing and the level of GDP in the regions. Moreover, the structure and number of crimes in the poorest regions of Poland show many similarities, with five of the eight poorest regions in eastern Poland showing a relationship between the number and types of crimes.
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The security of Europe has been evolving in the last decade, causing the verification of national defence policies. Being members of the European Union but not NATO, Sweden and Finland are revising their defence policies to face complex threats. Their geographical proximity is one factor causing their close military cooperation, supported by building–up their national military and civilian capabilities to deter potential threat from Russia and face hybrid challenges. The progress is visible, especially over the last decade. They are not disregarding closing ranks with other Nordic countries, NATO and specifically the US recognising that a joint effort with those nations and organisations, sharing the same values and facing similar threats, is foundation of their security. The paper utilises the qualitative research approach using a case study, desk research, analysis, and synthesis as methods.
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: The English language has become the lingua franca of the contemporary world; a global language. The process of globalisation has also influenced the increasing demand for learning English. The demand involves not only general language but also language for specific purposes, including language of the military environment, Military English. English has also become the language of interoperability in NATO. The North Atlantic Alliance has always paid particular attention to the knowledge of foreign languages, which was expressed, among others, by the establishment of the BILC International Language Coordination Office and the development of language standards applicable to all Member States, STANAG 6001. Language education in the armed forces in Poland follows the Alliance’s guidelines. The correct use of military language and its understanding creates a successful administrative and operational military environment. On account of appropriate application of terminology, potential misunderstandings or misinterpretations of military activities can be avoided. Language education is one of the elements of language policy in the field of security.
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Making the world a safe place has been the aim of mankind since time immemorial. Representatives of various sciences have made an appreciable effort to help this dream come true. They have constructed theoretical systems and found practical solutions to problems which are the most significant for people. Unfortunately, in many cases research carried out by representatives of humanistic and social sciences has turned out to be unfruitful. Efforts which improve relations between people are particularly crucial for educationalists, that is they try to constrain or eliminate negative relationships with the view of benefits stemming from positive relations. In spite of considerable successes both in theory as well as in practical activities, we have to constantly face the necessity to answer the question: what should be done to bring together people who are willing to cooperate and love, not to perform diverse forms of aggression and rivalry?
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SummarySecurity as one of the needs of every human being is extremely important and necessary in everyday functioning. Each of us tries to personally ensure the safety of ourselves, our relatives and those around us. However, our ability to provide ourselves with security is limited. Therefore, certain activities in this field are undertaken by various governmental and non-governmental organizations, institutions and, above all, state services. Taking care of safety in the means of public transport is one of the areas included in the generally understood safety, which contributes to our stable functioning and the possibility of living in favorable and friendly conditions, also during travel, which is an indispensable element of life.
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Human existence has allowed a dynamic development of technology, particularly in cyberspace. One of these technologies is the internet, which has become an inseparable part of man's everyday life. This state of affairs increasingly blurs the boundary between real and virtual life. It is evident in the current pandemic situation, where society has been forced to live in confinement for fear of health. This has resulted in increased activity and the use of cyberspace, creating greater opportunities for cybercriminals. One of these threats is disinformation on the internet, especially in social networks. The following article outlines the threat of disinformation and its methods of spreading it through adware modules.
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The Conference was an opportunity for young scholars and students to meet and create a space for themselves to present their research pursuits. During the conference, issues related to broadly understood security were discussed. The 6th National Student Conference “Young for Security” was the sixth of the cycle of annual scientific meetings dedicated to this topic.
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