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The article is devoted to three issues: the author’s experience conducting studies on Polish cinema at a British university, the reception of Polish cinema abroad, especially in the UK, and the study of Polish cinema in Poland and abroad. Mazierska argues that the prestige of Polish cinema abroad is relatively low, which adversely affects the potential interest of students in studying it. This is due to the adoption by the majority of Polish filmmakers of a “major province” strategy, aimed at building a domestic audience in Poland. Such a strategy also dominates among Polish film scholars. Abroad, in turn, the study of Polish cinema is usually part of the study of Eastern European cinema.
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Using the teaching and research of historian Stanislaus Błejwas as a starting point, the author examines the postwar history of Polish studies at Columbia University, focusing on efforts to create a Chair in Polish studies. The first, short-lived attempt in the 1940s occurred during the early years of the cold war and generated a political backlash, especially from within the Polish-American community. A second, recent initiative culminated in 2014 in the naming of historian Małgorzata Mazurek as the Chair of Polish Studies. The article places these events within the wider social and political contexts of Polish studies in the U.S. in general, and their place within both Slavic philology and area studies.
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Taking as its starting point the radical transformation of the Polish cultural and historical landscape that has resulted from Poland’s post-1989 Jewish revival, this article presents a proposal for a substantial reconfiguration of ethno-nationally, philologically based University programs in Polish Studies. Proposed is a reimagination of Polish Studies – and by extension other Slavic Studies programs- as inherently multilingual, culturally pluralistic spaces of encounter; and attendant changes to degree requirements that reflect this post-national shift in perspective. Making reference to the concept of doikeyt or “hereness”, a cultural and political attitude promoted within the pre–World War II Jewish world, particularly within Bundist and Yiddishist discourse, that saw Jewish culture and languages as native to Eastern Europe—as belonging in Poland and in Russia—the author asks whether Jewish languages (Yiddish and Hebrew), and by extension other minority languages and cultures, should have an equal place within the curriculum and course requirements that contribute today to a degree or a major in Polish Studies.
More...Przeszłość, mityzacja, mit polityczny
How is Polish culture viewed in the Balkans? After presenting the modality and character of Polish culture’s presence in Croatia and Serbia, the article analyzes differences between Polish and Yugoslav culture, a topic discussed in recently published correspondence between two distinguished writers from the Balkans, Miljenko Jergovicia and Svetislav Basary. The authors discuss the issue of Poland’s historical tragedies and argue that Polish culture can offer a model for how a balance can be struck between the historical mistakes committed by a nation and its accomplishments. This model can be considered as a modern political myth and seen in relation to the myths that function in the Balkans.
More...Strategie przekładowe
The article discusses translations into Italian of Polish poets who made their debuts after 1989. In these translations, publishers and translators appear to lack a clear, long-term strategy; however, it is possible to analyze how these publications came into existence. A decisive factor influencing the strong presence of contemporary Polish poetry in Italy has been support from the Instytut Książki, which for several years has financed translations of Polish literature, and from the Polish Institute in Rome, especially during the years of Jarosław Mikołajewski’s tenure as director.
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Tamara Hundorova, author of a methodologically excellent analysis of post-modern Ukrainian literature entitled The Post-Chernobyl Library: Ukrainian Literary Postmodernism, which takes as its starting point the meaning of Chernobyl as a word-symbol for complete disaster, sees 1986 as the moment when a new postmodern consciousness and literature was born in Ukraine. She also shows that Chernobyl has come to occupy an “unspeakable” place in Ukrainian culture – a phenomenon similar to the Holocaust. In discourses within the humanities today, Chernobyl and the accident at the nuclear power plant are associated with the emergence of a new consciousness and a new Ukrainian literature: “Chernobyl literature”. The Chernobyl corpus includes apocalyptic works of both high and low culture.
More...Tożsamość relacyjna w f lozofii Luce Irigaray
Luce Irigaray, previously associated with the French-speaking community of feminist theorists, is the author of numerous works focused on the issue of so-called relational identity. This essay discusses two recently released philosophical works by Irigaray, Sharing the World (2008) and In the Beginning, She Was (2013). These latest books, which are still not well known in Poland, explore a wide range of contexts, around which the philosopher constructs her project for an ethics of sexual difference. The starting point in her work was the concept of a feminist perspective, which over time has gradually evolved into the wider concept of emancipating not only humanity, but the entire world. The philosopher remains uncompromising in her thinking and aims her pointed criticism at the monosubjective (i.e., patriarchal) culture of “The Same”, emphasizing the need to build a culture of two, that is, a culture of dialogue and difference.
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The article deals with Arleta Galant’s book "The Provinces of Literature. Polish Women’s Prose after 1956", which is the culmination of a research project focused on both the previously insufficiently analyzed creative output of Polish women writers between 1956 and 1989 and the category of space, to which the concept of the province belongs. This concept is used as a methodological frame for interpreting selected works, and provides a multilayered conceptual category for describing literary and historical processes in various contexts. The author situates literature from the PRL period by Zyta Oryszyn, Britta Wuttke, Ewa Maria Slaska, Krystyna Kofta, Renata Zwoźniakowa, Małgorzata Szejnert, and Krystyna Sakowicz within literary theory, reflecting on the concepts of the provinces, narrative, gender, and the history of literature, and proposing a formula for understanding women’s writing over a span of four decades.
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