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The Ombudsman's activities during 2010 in terms of the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities were realized within eight types of activities: 1) The constant communication with the organizations of persons with disabilities, 2) Acting according to the citizens' complaints, 3) Activities within the EU Twinning project of providing support to Ombudsman, 4) Supporting the OSCE Mission to Ombudsman's capacity raising consisted of providing support for organizing the so-called Ombudsman Day in Uzice in July and in Kraljevo in September, 5) Supervision, including the unannounced ones, in the residential institutions for old people and adult people with disabilities was done, 6) The Conference "The right to make a decision - a matter of deprivation of legal capacity of persons with disabilities in Serbia", 7) The problems of workers who were injured at work and 8) The guidelines for non-discrimination language and behaviour in official discourse and context. In her paper the author analyzes in details the results of the Ombudsman's work in every of the above mentioned fields and points to some of the elementary problems persons with disabilities face in Serbia.
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Persons with disabilities are among the poorest and most discriminated parts of general population. Development of support services is one of the preconditions for their full inclusion in society. One has to make to replace the paradigm of social responsibility (derived from concepts of social protection, caring and protection) to paradigm of social inclusion, i.e. creating conditions for full participation. The above mentioned approached is clearly defined in numerous international and national documents, primarily Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Serbia's Law on Prevention of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities and National Disability Strategy. Model of service that is especially relevant for work and mission of Center for Independent Living of Persons with Disabilities of Serbia is personal assistance, as it is one of the ways to eliminate barriers and create equal opportunities in the fields of education, employment and civic activism. Using this service, a person with disability can satisfy his/ her personal needs, needs in household and his/ her social needs. This service enables a person to use his/ her own potentials, develop self- respect and dignity, to control one's privacy, maintain and strengthen one's individual autonomy and to assume responsibility.
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In this paper the author analyzes the eminent work of Ivo Andric, "The Damned yard", in his subtle legally aesthetic manner. Even though it was not easy at all, he undertook a task to extract the idea of law from a literary work without violating an artistic tissue and artistic value of this work, without ruining what makes it an artistic creation, thus without touching its artistic autonomy and artistic status. Based on a thoughtful legally aesthetic observation and examination, he managed to present an entire spectrum of the idea of law which was literary shaped and contained in Andric's work, different lighting of the legal phenomenon realized by a literary procedure and performed by literary means. For these reasons every reader of this text, especially if he/she is a lawyer, will enrich epistemologically his/her knowledge of law by the idea of law as well, skillfully discovered by its author where it is rarely searched for and even more rarely found.
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We can find multiple reasons, why companies, regions or nations group to-gether into entities or networks, but there exists several key reasons. Among them: the phenomena of globalisation, technological progress, new global op-portunities and risks, higher customer requirements and higher value of infor-mation and know-how. Globalisation is the dynamic complex of processes that has opened; linked and unified the globe since the end of the 19th century. Such unification has not had an occurrence before, even in the time of the Roman Empire. But it is obvious that globalisation has never led to the rapid economic rise all over the world, but it has led to the bigger differences between rich and poor. This work concerns on the identification of the economic globalisation in terms of its evolution in the first part of this article and on the actual development of globalisation and related trends and risks in the second part.
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International Scene and Signals Sent by Nobel Prize for Economics Award
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The article deals with possible impacts of military and economic cooperation on economic security of international organizations members. In the first part is defined the term security and its relation to national economic stability. In the second part are examined impacts of international economic and international security cooperation on national economic stability. Finally is being searched the character of the most important international organizations with the aim on economic security.
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Neo-liberal policies of 1980’s and 1990’s have resulted in serious financial crises and balance of payments problems in all over the world. These policies have remained insufficient and defective in the face of modern capitalist system. Under these circumstances, the notion of nation-state has begun to be eroded and this fact leads some social scientists to neo-logical efforts of neo-liberalism. As a result, the functions of the state in modern capitalist world and new liberal development policies have been reconsidered. In this study, we shall question the implications of ‘industrial district models’ that can be regarded as a new industrial development model of new liberal paradigm.
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The authors conducted the first study about FDI spillovers in Slovakia in order to find out if there is an evidence of horizontal and vertical spillovers that are beneficial for the Slovak enterprises. Based on the study of the biggest investors in Slovakia they conclude that the forward and backward vertical spillovers are rather limited, even though the potential for spillovers exist, especially among the Slovak suppliers of the foreign companies. The scope of horizontal spillovers is also quite limited: they appear on a bigger scale only through the movement of human capital which contributes to their spread into local companies.
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Over the past two decades a significant changes has been recorded in Slovak consumer goods market. They were produced by globalizing a commercial exchange. The changed competition environment is characterised by a different degree of intensity of cooperation between the manufacturers and distributors such as retailers at this time. The paper represents an approach based on two levels. That theoretical defines a question concerning the globalisation and the competition in trade. The operational level of this study seeks to explain a particular practices and methodological aspects of concentration and competition in the consumer goods market.
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Purpose – to analyze gamification, as the method for promoting creativity in individual and collective levels with the respect to player types. Design/methodology/approach – This research serves as a general review/viewpoint which seeks to examine collective creativity as a phenomenon and gamification as the tool for promoting individual and collective creativity. The paper is based on the comparative analysis of scientific literature and related sources from game design, psychology, business and entertainment. Findings – Although the gamification is gaining more public attention, there is a lack of studies which would reveal its relations in fostering individual and collective creativity. One of the main goals of any gamified content is to raise the engagement into activities in non-game contexts. The objective of creative work is to come up with some ideas, methods or tools which would be significantly new and innovative in the case of a certain issue. The theory of “flow” is used widely in explaining the working principles of gamification. In this state, the information absorption rates are increased and the group or individual is immersed into performed activities. This may lead to prolonged periods while accumulating knowledge, and thus, improving creative capabilities in the specific domain. However, creative performance in different fields has various approaches. It is also related to personal characteristics. The success of gamification is also dependent on the types of “players” which participate in the activity. Having the common picture of personality type in creative performance and in game based tasks may allow creating gamification strategy for optimal engagement into creative work according to the features of a person. Research limitations/implications – There are very few empirical studies which would support correlation between experiencing the “flow” state and a raise of creativity. The idea of unified personality model for game and non-game contexts is purely theoretical and would require empirical evidence in the future research. Practical implications – Knowing how to apply game mechanics elements for specific groups of creative workers may increase their engagement and performance rates in collective and individual creativity. Value – The article emphasizes theoretical analysis of gamification and its applicability in promoting individual and collective creativity based on player/personality types. This area of research is rather new and there are very few attempts to create a unified personality and gamer type model. Gamification is working by providing different experiences to players and stimulating their intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to perform their activities with greater engagement.
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Purpose – transformation of regular traditional university is a natural going process, which was affected not only by attractive theoretical or practical meaning of entrepreneurial university, but by the necessity of economic and social changes, as well. According to that, university is an important member of “Triple Helix” (University-Industry-State) model importance of collective intelligence for the implementation and development of “Third Mission” of university hybrid. “Triple Helix” model’s expansion is being proven in the upshot of analysis of scientific literature. Design/Methodology/Approach – analysis of scientific literature. Findings – after literature analysis, the following findings are presented: Concept of “Third Mission”; The importance of entrepreneurial university for “Third Mission’s” implementation is investigated; The importance of collective intelligence for “Third Mission’s” implementation is highlighted. Practical usage – according to the necessity of fast changes for Lithuanian and for East European universities in common, it is being expected that proven importance of collective intelligence for the implementation of “Third Mission” of university will affect the research of unique interdisciplinary solutions. Originality/Value – the main concept of collective intelligence is not really new, but the article explains its value for entrepreneurial university and for implementation of “Third Mission”. The development of hybrid “Triple Helix” model has not been investigated properly yet. Because of this, it is expected that the article will affect the start of new discussions and research of new solutions.
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Purpose – To overview the traditions and management perspectives of community and non-profit organizations in Lithuania. Methodology – For the purpose of this research a literature analysis on community and non-profit organization case studies was conducted. The case studies describing stories of success were singled out and leaders of these organizations were interviewed. Findings – The research has showed the growth of the number of community and nonprofit organizations during the last twenty years and the difficulties of collecting the statistical data. This study presupposes the possibility to identify the tendencies of management in community and non-profit organizations, including the following: increasing use of the social networks for communication; proliferation of strategic planning; greater emphasis on educating and empowering new generation of leaders. Research implications – Prior studies in this area in Lithuania have not exhaustively analyzed the components of human resource management of non-profit organizations. An important follow up on this study would be to analyze the human resource management in community organizations. Practical implications – This study covered the management aspects important for the improvement of how community and non-profit organizations work. Originality/Value – This study expands the knowledge on Lithuanian community and non-profit organization development and management.
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Purpose – Full parallax integral 3D display is one of the promising future displays that provide different perspectives according to viewing direction. In this paper, the authors review the recent integral 3D display and image processing techniques for improving the performance, such as viewing resolution, viewing angle, etc. Design/methodology/approach – Firstly, to improve the viewing resolution of 3D images in the integral imaging display with lenslet array, the authors present 3D integral imaging display with focused mode using the time-multiplexed display. Compared with the original integral imaging with focused mode, the authors use the electrical masks and the corresponding elemental image set. In this system, the authors can generate the resolution-improved 3D images with the n×n pixels from each lenslet by using n×n time-multiplexed display. Secondly, a new image processing technique related to the elemental image generation for 3D scenes is presented. With the information provided by the Kinect device, the array of elemental images for an integral imaging display is generated. Findings – From their first work, the authors improved the resolution of 3D images by using the time-multiplexing technique through the demonstration of the 24 inch integral imaging system. Authors’ method can be applied to a practical application. Next, the proposed method with the Kinect device can gain a competitive advantage over other methods for the capture of integral images of big 3D scenes. The main advantage of fusing the Kinect and the integral imaging concepts is the acquisition speed, and the small amount of handled data. Originality / Value – In this paper, the authors review their recent methods related to integral 3D display and image processing technique.
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Purpose – Durham Zoo (hereinafter – DZ) is a project to design and operate a concept search engine for science and technology. In DZ, a concept includes a solution to a problem in a particular context. Design – Concept searching is rendered complex by the fuzzy nature of a concept, the many possible implementations of the same concept, and the many more ways that the many implementations can be expressed in natural language. An additional complexity is the diversity of languages and formats, in which the concepts can be disclosed. Humans understand language, inference, implication and abstraction and, hence, concepts much better than computers, that in turn are much better at storing and processing vast amounts of data. We are 7 billion on the planet and we have the Internet as the backbone for Collective Intelligence. So, our concept search engine uses humans to store concepts via a shorthand that can be stored, processed and searched by computers: so, humans IN and computers OUT. The shorthand is classification: metadata in a structure that can define the content of a disclosure. The classification is designed to be powerful in terms of defining and searching concepts, whilst suited to a crowdsourcing effort. It is simple and intuitive to use. Most importantly, it is adapted to restrict ambiguity, which is the poison of classification, without imposing a restrictive centralised management. In the classification scheme, each entity is shown together in a graphical representation with related entities. The entities are arranged on a sliding scale of similarity. This sliding scale is effectively fuzzy classification. Findings – The authors of the paper have been developing a first classification scheme for the technology of traffic cones, this in preparation for a trial of a working system. The process has enabled the authors to further explore the practicalities of concept classification. The CmapTools knowledge modelling kit to develop the graphical representations has been used. Practical implications – Concept searching is seen as having two categories: prior art searching, which is searching for what already exists, and solution searching: a search for a novel solution to an existing problem. Prior art searching is not as efficient a process, as all encompassing in scope, or as accurate in result, as it could and probably should be. The prior art includes library collections, journals, conference proceedings and everything else that has been written, drawn, spoken or made public in any way. Much technical information is only published in patents. There is a good reason to improve prior art searching: research, industry, and indeed humanity faces the spectre of patent thickets: an impenetrable legal space that effectively hinders innovation rather than promotes it. Improved prior-art searching would help with the gardening and result in fewer and higher-quality patents.
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