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In this paper I propose to analyze in short the changes of the building that occurred in the Bulgarian capital between the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century.
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I my research I follow the enormous energy and endeavor of the Thessalonica Bulgarian society -Bulgarian traders, book sellers, teachers and craftsmen -inhabiting the Bulgarian streets of Thessalonica. Many of them took an active part in the school and church affairs long before 1880.
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The widespread of sites that contain user-generated content (UGCs), that involve a large number of potential suppliers that can provide pirated content, created the need for lawmakers and copyright owners to find effective ways of addressing intellectual property issues specific to this new media form. In this article we look into some of the issues raised by the UGCs from an intellectual property law perspective.
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In this study the author has submitted a systematic and systemic analysis of the provisions of art. 146 and art. 147 ofLaw no. 8/1996 on copyright and related rights, revealing the existence of normative inaccuracies or ambiguites and stated some relevant solutions of lege ferenda. In summary, the author pleads for a radical reformulation of those two texts, so first should refer to the legal protection of copyrights or related rights belongs to Romanian natural and legal persons, and the last one should refer to theforeigns.
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One of the most controversial objects of protection of the copyright, which is subject to discussions that seem not to cease, refers to computer programs. They are protected by the copyright rules as a literary work. The complex structure of the computer program, which is made of the source code and the object code, requires' a' broader' vision' regarding' the' means' of' protection,' which' are' consequently the institution of the copyright, the patent right, the trade secret and others.' In' this' article,' the' author' intended' to' make' an' analysis' of' the' currently' existing' policy' regarding' the' protection' of' computer' programs' through' the' rules' of the patent right. This is a reality in the world practice and case law, but not a reality' from' the' point' of' view' of' the' European' regulatory' framework.' Thus,' although' the' European' Patent' Office' issues' patents' regarding' computer' programs,' the' European' Patent' Convention' stipulates' very' clearly' that' computer' programs are considered inventions. The author also examines the advantages and' disadvantages' of' the' protection' for' computer' programs' through' patents,' as' well' as' the' technical' requirements' to' be' met' in' order' for' a' computer' program' to' be protected by a patent.
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Trademark is an important element in creating a commercial image for a trader. The registration procedure in Romania was changed due to the last modification of the provision of Law no. 84/1998 on marks and geographical indication. The new registration procedure presents similarities with the registration procedure for the community trademark. The commission from State Office for Invention and Trademark will analyze relative grounds for refusal only if a third party fill in an opposition. Also, it is possible to submit observation from third parties if a trademark is ineligible for registration due to absolute grounds for refusal.
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One of the applications of the contract of mandate it is in the case of collective management of the copyrights and the related rights. In this case is applicable the general civil rules and the special rules of the Romanian copyright law. From the perspective of the theory of the civil contract some problems arise. One is if the written form of the mandate given to a collective management organization is necessary ad validitatem. The second is if the rules concerning the decision to revoke a mandate are fully applicable to this special mandate given to collective management organization.
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The collective management bodies are "legal entities established by free association, whose business line is mainly the collection and distribution of rights whose management is entrusted to them by the holders". The differences existing between national legislations, as well as the specificity of the categories of works and rights managed have led to the formation of various types of collective management bodies. From the point of view of the legal system, the collective management bodies may be public, private or even mixed, non-profit or lucrative, charitable or corporate. According to the results obtained following the consultations carried out, as early as since 1995, by the European Commission with all the parties interested in the collective and individual management of rights, "it seems that the efficiency of a collective management company is not influenced by its legal form. A management company may be established in the form it chooses or in the form required by the national law, as long as it complies with the relevant national legislation and provided the legislation produces no discriminatory effects".
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Over the time, among the authors of spiritual creations, the image of the producer of cinematographic works has not been one of the most favorable. Sometimes blasted, sometimes considered either ignorant or abusive and, most of the times, unknown from the point of view of his/her role and actual involvement in the creation of audiovisual works, having almost an unfortunate position between being a creator and also manager of a project of such complexity, the producer has been the promoter of art and, at the same time, of the cinematographic industry. From the perspective of a lawyer and also young movie author, this work attempted, through a trans-disciplinary approach, to present and emphasize both the actual process of movie production, the possible shortcomings of the legal provisions in this field, and the producer's role from the first scene to the mega productions of our days, his/her involvement beyond the organization and provision of financial and material means required for making the cinematographic work, in the creation process and his/her own intellectual creation contribution during each stage and under almost each aspect of the audiovisual work, in its complexity and his/her responsibility in the production process.
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Interview with Prof. Ileana Alexandra Orlich.
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The editors present here the arguments for a debate about the present state of classical studies in Romania (latin, old Greek), the need of these studies for the postmodern human; translating works from latin and old Greek - which would be the priorities.
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Collection of articles to support and explain the classical studies; authors answer the question about the state of classical studies in Romania.
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Authors answer the question about the state of classical studies in Romania in the second part of the debate.
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