The author analyzes the critical reception of the works by Justyna Bargielska, pondering over mechanisms of defense from over-interpretation or critical misuse included in the poet’s books. Using the hypothesis of narrative sources in defense against accusation as a starting point, she researches Bargielska’s writing strategies, especially in the novel Małe lisy, in order to define the role of shame within. Bargielska’s characters refuse to be ashamed of things, which are generally considered shameful. The purpose of this work is to indicate that this phenomenon – called the “shamelessness strategy” – influences the form of text itself; what it allows for, and what it makes a necessity.
More...Keywords: text linguistics; textology; theory of text; discourse analysis; critical discourse analysis
The article is devoted to the main achievements of the Polish linguistics within the scope of text studies and discourse analysis between 1989 and 2014. The author presents briefly the most important studies, including synthetic and more detailed papers. She discusses the changes in the text-oriented studies, showing the static and dynamic text conceptualisations. The author treats discourse analysis as a complementary method to text studies and finds it interdisciplinary and focused on communication as a social practice.
More...Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; CSR reports; verification
The largest European companies, under the directive passed and published in 2014, will be required to report some non-financial data starting from financial statements made for the financial year beginning in 2017. As a matter of fact, only the evaluation of both financial and non-financial data gives a complete picture of the company and it becomes the basis for decision-making for the stakeholders of the reporting company. Non-financial data including environmental, human rights, labour rights, anti-corruption and bribery issues vary depending on the industry. Verification of the data is much more difficult than the verification of other elements of reports prepared by companies. The objective of the article is to present the practice of external verification of non-financial data in Polish companies’ reports.
More...Keywords: technical infrastructure; social infrastructure; European Union; multidimensional comparative analysis
The purpose of the article is to compare the European Union countries in terms of socio-technical infrastructure development and to determine Poland’s position in the league table. The analysis was made using 9 statistical indicators characterizing different aspects of socio-technical infrastructure in 27 EU member countries. The league table was compiled using various multidimensional comparative analysis methods – a development model proposed by Hellwig and the method of standardized sums. The results of calculations obtained by two different methods indicate that socio-technical infrastructure is best developed in Austria, Germany and Greece, whereas the worst is in Cyprus, Malta and Romania. Poland ranks far behind other EU countries in the league table, 23rd or 24th depending on the adopted analysis method. The improvement of Poland’s unfavourable situation compared with other European Union countries in terms of socio-technical infrastructure requires changes of some of its elements represented by the variables used in the analysis e.g., medical doctors per hundred thousand inhabitants and the number of bed-places in hotels and other short-stay accommodation per thousand inhabitant
More...Keywords: taxonomic methods; public universities; an analysis of a level and a structure of costs
In this article a usage of graph methods as a tool for a classification of polish public universities due to a generated level and a structure of costs is shown. The research was conducted in a spatial interpretation and referring to 57 public universities of an academic function. The usage of graph methods constitutes a tool which can be used by decision makers in a process of searching for ineffective usage of public sources. The outcomes should be a basis for further cause and effect analysis.
More...Keywords: serious game; probability; story
A serious game is a tool increasingly used in various areas of management. The solutions used in their design have a significant impact on the extent they achieve their objectives. Therefore, the authors have attempted to develop a classification of serious games in two important criterias: the type of story and predictability of gameplay from the perspective of the players. Next, they determined possible implications of the use of different options. To achieve this objective they analyzed some training and assessment games with different solutions applied.
More...Keywords: Gabriela Matuszek;"Maski i demony wczesnego modernizmu" ("Masks and Demons of Early Modernism");Young Poland (modernism);Stanisław Wyspiański;Stefan Żeromski;Stanisław Przybyszewski;Stanisław Brzozowski
The review discusses Gabriela Matuszek’s book "Maski i demony wczesnego modernizmu" ("Masks and demons of early modernism") (Cracow 2014), an assortment of 13 monographic sketches published earlier in collective volumes, conference proceedings and scholarly periodicals. It is an interesting edition among the recent literary historical and cultural studies analyses about the strand of thought and artistic achievements of the turn of 19th and 20th centuries which rightly recognises the writers’ self-knowledge about the hidden phobias, anxiety and obsessions of a man at the “threshold of modernity” - all of which so far either rejected from awareness or intentionally dissembled. Matuszek’s sketches are devoted to the interpretation of important Young Poland’s writers’ creativity (inter alia Stanisław Wyspiański, Stefan Żeromski, Stanisław Przybyszewski and Stanisław Brzozowski) as well as to the analysis of Polish premodernism phenomena as, e.g. misogyny, incest, neurosis, hysteria, formalistic narcissism, nihilism, emancipation of women. In her considerations the author employs the tools used in psychoanalysis, psychiatry, cultural anthropology, feminist literary theory and gender studies.
More...Keywords: conservation of library collections; digitization; library collections; protection of library collections
Protection and preservation of library collections gained a global dimension, becoming a matter of preserving the world’s cultural heritage. One of the aspects of collection protection is a comprehensive maintenance of selected objects, which is time consuming and costly. The purpose of conservation is to stop the process of destruction and to restore objects to their usability and aesthetics. It is the state of preservation and the historical value of the object that decide about the conservation treatments that are applied. A restoration plan is drawn up for every object, depending on its type and state of preservation. In principle, a conservation interference is limited to a minimum. The scope of work differs depending on the types of documents: books, graphic arts, watercolours, manuscript codes with colourful illuminations. One of the aspects of the protection programme is a comprehensive conservation of selected objects. Your own well-equipped conservation laboratory allows for performing any maintenance work to the full extent (except for some specialized tests).
More...Keywords: SSSA; agricultural production; regional diversification;
This paper will present the spatial shift-share method as an alternative to classical shift-share analysis. In which it is not taken into account the geographical location of the regions concerned. Many of the economic phenomena, their growth or trends, are dependent on the spatial interactions between neighbouring regions. The problem of spatial relationships solves the spatial weights matrix. Spatial shift-share analysis was introduced to the study of Nazaré and Hewings. This model represents a spatially modified growth rate (rate of change) of individual variants of the phenomenon by taking into account growth rates in phenomena in the neighbouring areas. The aim of this article is to analyse changes in the structure of agricultural production in the Polish provinces in the years 2004 - 2014, by type of agricultural products using spatial shift-share method. The study assesses the growth of the size of the phenomenon. Furthermore, the identified and estimated the share of structural, sectoral and regional in global effect size (in total agricultural production in Poland) in the regional breakdown. Additionally, the spatial weights matrix was included to this study, which allowed the inclusion in the aspects relating to the overlapping relationships subregional.
More...Keywords: self-government; subsidiarity; sub-territorial unit; decentralization; community
The working paper presents the analysis of sub-territorial unit in Poland from the utilitarian point of view. It also includes potential perspectives for such form of social participation in local society. The core idea consists of sub-territorial units in communities and municipalities due to the provisions of the law. The analysis excludes the sub-territorial units in Warsaw – capital city of Republic of Poland because of their unique status provided by the dedicated law. Besides that, the working paper includes the question about the problem of the local communities’ activity and participation in the public sphere.
More...Keywords: Nabokov; lectures; criticism; literature; Russian;
The paper presents development of studies on Lectures on Russian Literature by VladimirNabokov in Russia, America and on this background in Poland. Works of Nabokov arousesconstant interest among researchers all over the world, however, Nabokov’s literary-critical heritageremained out of scientific focus for a long time until publishing Lectures on literature and laterLectures on Russian literature first in the USA and then in Russia and Poland. In the paper there ispresented the attempt to determine the scale and significance of studies on literary-critical works ofNabokov in different countries and to show similarities and discrepancies in international researches.
More...Keywords: offenders; psychological diagnosis; penitentiary system; prison isolation
One of the basic standards of serving the punishment of imprisonment is its individualization, which means varying interactions consisting in adjusting them to the personality of the offender and the purposes of executing the sentence. A properly served psychological diagnosis, especially the penitentiary diagnosis, should describe the studied phenomenon well. The content of the penitentiary diagnosis should include a description of the clinical picture of an imprisoned person and basic social rehabilitation indications.The paper was written on the basis of literature on the subject, legislation and available research results. The aim of this paper is to characterize the diagnosis performed for the needs of justice, which is continuous and should be performed at every stage of imprisonment. The effect of a properly formed psychological and penitentiary decision should be the placement of a prisoner in a suitable type, kind of prison and appropriate system of serving imprisonment, followed by the correct selection of educational measures which may imply the efficiency and effectiveness of the punishment of imprisonment.
More...Keywords: borderland; center; periphery; inclusive education; space; place
What is focused on in this study are the processes of including disabled learners into the mainstream of regular education. The main aim is to describe the possible organizational solutions for structuring the classroom space in regard to didactic methods and the perception of the learner with disability. The thesis is put forward that classroom space is a kind of social construct, built by the teacher for fulfilling particular functions in educational and care processes. This construct is limited by the physical (permanent) arrangement of fixed elements (windows, doors, surface). The author assumes that during the classes (due to the teacher’s intensions, learners’ needs, the intended and unintended activities undertaken by all the participants of educational processes) space applies particular functions and becomes a place. These places have the form of: centres, peripheries and border areas. The discussion is conducted with references to the output of borderland sociology and intercultural education, as the author assumes that fulfilling the special educational needs of disabled learners enhances treating them as others/aliens in the context of unified activities situated in the educational mainstream.
More...Keywords: comparative literature; world literature; national literature; Polish literature in the world
The aim of this paper is to review the volume on Faces of Worldliness (Literatura polska w świecie. Tom IV. Oblicza światowości). The volume defines the worldliness of Polish in three ways: firstly, as the presence of Polish literature in foreign context; secondly, as the way in which Polish literature constitutes a part of world literature; and thirdly, as works by Polish authors created outside the country. The whole book is composed according to this division into three main parts. The paper shows the main topics and approaches taken up by the authors of the articles and aims at evaluating their concurrence with the chapter’s main ideas. However, although in general the volume should be evaluated as highly informative and well-composed, it certainly lacks a binding idea that would allow to see Faces of Worldliness as one cohesive structure. Also, the author points to the fact that some key issues (“the world,” “Polish literature”) remain undefined in the volume.
More...Keywords: grounded theory; disabled university student; difficulties
The article is focused on the potentialities and difficulties which might appear in applying the methodology of grounded theory in the research into disabled university students. The major assumptions of grounded theory are described and the focus is on some selected aspects of designing and conducting studies in compliance with grounded theory. These are: the specification of the research area and aim, the choice of strategies, pre-assumption, the beginning dilemma, fear of finishing field saturation, building and grounding the theory. The attempt is also made to refer the difficulties resulting from these elements of grounded theory to the studies conducted among disabled students as well as to some solutions suggested in expert literature.
More...Keywords: book review;
Review of: Katarzyna Juszczyk- Frelkiewicz, "Kohabitacja w Polscei na Słowacji. Studium socjologiczne"; Publishing house University of Silesia, Katowice 2014, p. 264; by: Magdalena Cieślikowska
More...Keywords: prężność; młodzież; ośrodki kuratorskie; nieprzystosowanie społeczne
Celem niniejszego doniesienia jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy poziom prężności psychicznej łączy się z poczuciem otrzymywanego wsparcia w grupie osób badanych. Badania przeprowadzono na 174-osobowej grupie nastolatków, obojga płci, w wieku 14–18 lat. W prezentowanych badaniach uczestniczyły dwie grupy respondentów, 112 osoby zaklasyfikowano do grupy nieprzystosowanych społecznie, natomiast 62 osoby do grupy porównawczej. Badania przeprowadzono w ośrodkach kuratorskich. Do zbadania prężności psychicznej wykorzystano Polska skala SPP-18 N. Ogińskiej-Bulik i Z. Juczyńskiego oraz Kwestionariusz Czynników Wsparcia własnego autorstwa. Uzyskano następujące rezultaty: ogólny poziom prężności psychicznej koherencji i czynników 1, 3, 4 nie różni się istotnie w porównywanych grupach. Młodzież nieprzystosowana społecznie różni się istotnie od młodzieży z grupy porównawczej w wytrwałości i determinacji w działaniu oraz poczuciu wsparcia szkolnego. Prężność psychiczna oraz poczucie wsparcia (rodzinnego, szkolnego, rówieśniczego) korelują ze sobą w grupie młodzieży nieprzystosowanej.
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