Publisher: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

Women against Domination and Oppression

Kobiety wobec dominacji i opresji

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: women; feminism; gender; resistance; women’s movements

This book is the next post-conference volume prepared by the Interdisciplinary Gender Seminar—this time devoted to global perspectives and feminisms world-wide. Its main focus is not only on—as the title suggests—the processes of domination and oppression experienced by women all over the word, but also on the strategies of resistance practiced now and in the past. The case studies come from many contexts, for example, Poland, Ukraine or Ethiopia, and represent different approaches from various fields: policies sciences, media studies, as well as literary and art studies. The volume presents interdisciplinary research on gender and women’s issues and is therefore addressed to scholars and students as well as to non-academic readers interested in gender and minority studies.

A City from the Sociological Perspective: Selected Issues

Miasto według socjologii. Wybrane tematy

Author(s): Andrzej Majer / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: City; pre-modern cities; industrial and modern cities; postmodern cities; urbanization; social space; postmodern communities; city's dynamism; urban spirit

The book A City from the Sociological Perspective: Selected Issues is a collection of sociological essays connecting two perspectives of seeing cities: the evolution of material space from the first settlements to contemporary metropolises and the changes in social space, which is the field of activity of many generations. The combination of these perspectives has allowed for a more complete description of the factors shaping cities in the past and still developing them. The book opens with an explanation of how cities can be analyzed, whereas the two chapters immediately following deals with the history of cities from the old towns to modern conurbations as well as with the variants of urbanization. The next chapter discusses the main features of modern cities. Later in his work, the author focuses on communities and their contemporary forms. The last two sections are devoted to the reflection of cities in the social consciousness, to their dynamics and spirit. There are references to general history, the history of city construction and demography, cultural anthropology and economic theories throughout the book. The main perspective is the sociological approach to cities, which for centuries have imprinted themselves on people's mentality, modified their lifestyles and dictated various forms of activity. This approach assumes that not buildings, but people, their social life and culture are the most important aspects of cities. Urban issues have always been important for many reasons, and today they are also worth discussing due to new phenomena and problems. Already by 2008, for the first time in history, the number of city dwellers had exceeded 50% of the world's population. The big cities acquire 1 million new inhabitants every week; by 2050, it is predicted, they will have accounted for more than two thirds of the planet's population. This volume is the outcome of a study of Polish and foreign, almost exclusively English-language literature, as well as many thoughts and many years of experience in the university didactics of urban sociology. The author believes that most of the destructive phenomena attributed to cities, which have been noticed for a long time, can be repaired or even removed provided that appropriate renewal strategies are implemented. He also expects the readers to agree with his outlook, and hopes that the book will encourage people to take an independent stance on particular issues. This publication may be of interest to students of faculties related in various ways to urban topics and to professionals whose work consists in solving everyday urban problems.

The Islamic World in Contemporary and Historical Perspective

Świat islamu w perspektywie współczesnej i historycznej / Мир ислама в современном и историческом освещении

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish

Keywords: Islam; High Schools in Saudi Arabia; Muslim Minority; Iran; World Trade Center; terrorism

What is and where is the Islamic World in 2019? If we understand the Islamic World as all Muslim-majority countries, according to the Pew Research Center (2015) we would find 50 such countries with a total population of over 1.8 billion. The highest percentage (91%) of the total population in a region considering themselves Muslim, can be found in the Middle East-North Africa (MENA). The starting point of Muslim history would be the prophet Muhammad’s revelation in the 7th century, followed by the Islamic Golden Age (8th–14th centuries), when Muslims were ahead of the rest of the world in the arts, science, philosophy, and technology. This period is still remembered and cherished with pride by both Sunni and Shia Muslims, the two biggest denominations within Islam, which – despite common misconceptions in the West – is not a monolith but splits into different religious schools and branches. The modern era has been marked by the more or less direct colonial domination of European powers which left its legacy in many states belonging now to the Islamic world. Much of today’s turmoil in the MENA region has its roots in the colonial times and the fault lines drawn by the European politicians. However, the blame cannot be wholly assigned to external powers: the list of factors contributing to the Middle East’s present complex and often difficult situation is long and includes many internal issues.

Methods of communication and media researches. Theoretical and analytical perspective

Metody badania komunikacji i mediów. Perspektywa teoretyczna i analityczna

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Economic development of Central Asia. History and the present day

Rozwój gospodarczy Azji Środkowej. Historia i współczesność

Author(s): Natasza Duraj / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Central Asia;Kazakhstan;Uzbekistan;Tajikistan;Turkmenistan;Kyrgyzstan

The main goal of the monograph is to present the issues related to the economic and social development of five countries: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Kyrgyzstan. The work consists of seven chapters presenting the history of the economies of individual republics and showing the current situation in each of the analyzed countries.

Through a thin veil thrown over your head — cognitio symbolica in the sermons of Franciscan Antoni Węgrzynowicz (sources, applications and contexts)

„Przez zarzuconą subtelną bawełnicę...” — cognitio symbolica w kazaniach reformata Antoniego Węgrzynowicza (źródła, zastosowania i konteksty)

Author(s): Magdalena Kuran / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Antoni Węgrzynowicz; seventeenth-century preaching; Franciscan preaching; conceited preaching

The subject of the dissertation is the cognitio symbolica in the preaching work of the Franciscan Antoni Węgrzynowicz. It manifests in the author’s use of symbolic structures (here senso largo, including allegory, metaphor and other structures based on analogy). There are three terms in the title: sources, applications, and contexts. Thus, „symbolic thinking” is shown not only as a creative technique (application), but also its genesis (sources) and the accompanying, not always obvious, contexts are described.

Psychological determinants of students' school achievements

Psychologiczne uwarunkowania osiągnięć szkolnych uczniów

Author(s): Katarzyna Walęcka-Matyja,Elżbieta Wiesława Napora / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: School achievements; adolescents; grandparents' support; resilience; communication with peers

The aim of the research was to determine the significance of family and personal determinants of school achievements, the indicator of which was the school grades of students. It was expected to answer the question what factors explain the school achievements of adolescent students. It was expected that students 'resilience, perceived and received support, open communication and communication with peers' difficulties would be differently, in groups distinguished by gender, to co-decide about school achievements of young people. Taking up the problem seems to be important for the development of the theory of social psychology of education and pedagogy. The study tried to show that changes related to support from grandparents and mental resilience can have a positive impact on the academic performance of adolescents. Research conducted using the Resilience Measurement Scale (SPP-18) (Ogińska-Bulik, Juczyński, 2011), Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS) (Łuszczyńska, Kowalska, Mazurkiewicz, Schwarzer, 2002) and the Adolescent-Peer Communication Scale (SKAR) (Napora, 2019) on a sample of 190 students. Results showed that girls obtained a statistically significantly higher average school grade than boys. Moreover, significant relationships were found between the average grade point and resilience as well as perceived support and support received from grandparents. As a result, it can be concluded that age, gender and resilience make it possible to significantly explain the variability in school achievement of adolescent students. The obtained results may constitute a scientific basis for developing optimal methods of helping students to prevent their social marginalization. The results can be an important recommendation for professionals dealing with both families and the school environment, and collaboration between these environments can be key to a student's success.

The Art of Living, Surviving, Reviving. Studies in Linguistics. The 50th Anniversary of Romance Studies at the University of Łódź

L’art de vivre / de survivre / de revivre. Le 50e anniversaire de la Philologie romane à Łódź. Approches linguistiques

Author(s): / Language(s): French,Spanish,Italian

Keywords: Commemoration; 50th anniversary; Institute of Romance Studies; University of Lodz; live; survive; revive

This book presents the volume The Art of Living, of Surviving, of Reviving. On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Romance studies at the University of Łódź which was designed to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the reactivation of Romance studies at the University of Łódź, carried out today within the Institute of Roman Studies. At the same time, the book celebrates the 10th anniversary of the creation, within the Institute of Romanesque Studies, of the Department of Italian Philology. These anniversaries take place at the time of the Covid-19 pandemic, an unprecedented event in the global world of the 21st century, with confinement as a compulsory mode of operation for long weeks, even months.The rupture thus brought about undoubtedly led to a new perception of life and of what ił means to live. For more than one, this thick line that separates our existence before and after Covid-19 constitutes a memento inciting to wonder how to live the pandemic and during the pandemic, how to survive it and if it is possible to (re)live completely when it has corne to an end. These questions launched as the driving theme of the commemorative volume have called for a rich and varied reflection contained in 25 articles, falling within different sub-fields of linguistics.

Stanislaw Brzozowski and the Parisian „Kultura” circle

Stanisław Brzozowski w kręgu „Kultury” paryskiej

Author(s): Monika Anna Noga / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Stanisław Brzozowski; the Parisian „Kultura”; Czesław Miłosz; Jerzy Giedroyc; Gustaw Herling-Grudziński; Józef Czapski; brzozowskism; brzozowski-ites

For more than one hundred years Polish intellectuals (writers, critics, philosophers, historians, literary and cultural theorists) have been referring to a central figure of Young Poland, the literary critic, philosopher of culture, and writer Stanisław Brzozowski (1878-1911). Following World War II many émigrés Polish intellectuals chose Brzozowski as a model for how to perceive and assess the world, Poland in particular. Brzozowski’s name appeared on the pages of „Kultura” in its very first issue, as it did in issue 637, the last issue of the journal. This is of considerable symbolic importance. It suggests that that the period between the beginning and end of the journal is also the period during which Brzozowski was present, and intensely so, in its history. In 1948, in the fifth issue of „Kultura”, the journal carried fragments from Brzozowski’s Diary; thereafter, in virtually every subsequent issue, apart from 1955, 1957, and 1990, Brzozowski was either cited or at the very least mentioned. Considering the regular presence of Brzozowski in the more than half-century history of „Kultura”, it is impossible to assess the activity of those gathered round the journal, the so-called ‘„Kultura” circle’, the main object of interest in this study, without investigating the influence Brzozowski exerted on them. What specifically made Brzozowski the person and his ideas so attractive to the „Kultura circle”? The number of studies devoted to „Kultura” continues to rise. However, to date no study has been devoted to Brzozowski’s reception within the ‘„Kultura” circle’. The present investigation seeks to fill that gap by examining the specific interests of the key figures of the „Kultura circle” in the person and work of Stanislaw Brzozowski, viz., Jerzy Giedroyc (1906-2000), Józef Czapski (1896-1993), Gustaw Herling-Grudziński (1919-2000) and Czesław Miłosz (1911-2004).

Disability and education

Niepełnosprawność i edukacja

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: education people with disabilities; Education children with disabilities; education students with disabilities; Third Age University; new technologies in education

Kolejna czwarta z serii monografii Sekcji Socjologii Niepełnosprawności PTS poświęcona została edukacji osób z niepełnosprawnościami. Znalazły się w niej teksty dotyczące m.in.: funkcjonowania przedszkoli i szkół integracyjnych, szkolnictwa specjalnego, orzecznictwa poradni psychologiczno-pedagogicznych, edukacji ustawicznej dorosłych osób z niepełnosprawnością, barier edukacyjnych osób z niepełnosprawnościami czy prawa osób z niepełnosprawnością w wymiarze edukacyjnym. Tematyka ta ma dziś istotne znaczenie. Z jednej strony wynika to z problemów, jakie dotknęły uczniów, nauczycieli oraz szkoły w dobie pandemii COVID-19. Z drugiej strony kształcenie osób z niepełnosprawnościami stanowi istotny element polityki społecznej. Z tego względu w niniejszej monografii zaprezentowano diagnozy i ukazano problemy związane z kształceniem osób z niepełnosprawnościami, realizacją ich potrzeb oraz wspieraniem w rozwoju. Dzięki tekstom przedstawiającym najnowszy stan wiedzy i wyniki prowadzonych badań możliwe stało się również wskazanie pożądanych kierunków w kształceniu osób z niepełnosprawnościami z uwzględnieniem potencjału, jaki do edukacji mogą wnieść najnowsze technologie.

Onomastic Competence in The Teaching and Use of Italian as A Foreign Language. The Polish Context

La competenza onomastica nell’insegnamento e nell’uso dell’italiano L2. Il contesto polacco

Author(s): Artur Gałkowski / Language(s): Italian

Keywords: glottodidactics; Italian; foreign language; competence; onomastics; proper names

The monograph advances the results of research conducted for glottodidactic purposes from the perspective of the teaching and use (learning/application) of Italian as L2 by Polish users. The author validates an evolved scientificdiscussion on the integration of onomastic competence with other competences in the teaching of Italian language and culture. The need to introduce a more active and conscious use of proper names, i.e. onomastic competence in glottodidactic practice, is hypothesised. Onomastic competence is the starting point for activating operations that enrich knowledge of a foreign language – in this case Italian – at lexical, structural, communicative-cultural and pragmatic levels. The thematic essays In the theoretical part of the book account for precursory investigations and key information on the system of proper names in language, thus onomastics as a subdiscipline of linguistics that deals with the formations, processes, and functions of onyms in the oral and written register of language. The application part of the monograph contains onomastic material collected in a heterogeneous corpus, representative of the rich universe of proper names extracted and catalogued in tables with reference to the Italian language-culture: anthroponyms (first names and surnames), toponyms (place/geographical names), marketing chrematonyms (brand names), institutionyms (names of organisations and institutions). First names, toponyms and institutionyms are juxtaposed with Polish equivalents. The onimic material is supplemented by a set of didactic activities and lists of Italian cultural figures and a glossary of basic onomastic terms. The postulate of distinguishing onomastic glottodidactics as a field of interest in linguistic education leads to the suggestion that this strand of glottodidactic studies is the result of an interaction and part of a broader humanistic perspective, which consists of the introduction and integration of onomastics into interdisciplinary areas and didactics, including foreign language teaching.

Financial standing and sustainable development of enterprises in Poland. Sector studies

Standing finansowy a zrównoważony rozwój przedsiębiorstw w Polsce. Badania sektorowe

Author(s): Magdalena Kowalska / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: financial standing of enterprises; sustainable development; sustainable development of enterprises

Sustainable development of enterprises is a process of quantitative and qualitative changes aimed at achieving favorable results in economic, social and environmental dimensions. One of the key factors affecting the sustainable development of enterprises is the financial standing, identified with the general financial and property situation of the enterprise, its credibility and ability to settle liabilities. The main objective of the monograph is to assess the impact of the financial standing on the sustainable development of enterprises according to the section of Polish Classification of Economic Activities in 2008-2019. The implementation of the research objective required the use of the method of critical and retrospective review of selected literature on the subject (Polish and foreign), cause-and-effect analysis, creation of econometric models. The layout of the work was subordinated to the verification of the adopted main hypothesis - Financial standing has a statistically significant impact on the sustainable development of enterprises according to the section of Polish Classification of Economic Activities in 2008-2019". The monograph consists of an introduction, six chapters, conclusion, bibliography, list of figures, tables and charts. The introduction contains a synthetic approach to the issues, the main hypothesis and sub-hypotheses. The first two chapters are theoretical and related to the sustainable development of enterprises and the financial standing as its determinant. The third chapter presents the research methodology. The next three chapters present the empirical analysis. At the end, a summary and conclusions resulting from the research are presented.

Nocturnal contexts of Urban Culture. Anthropological studies

Nocne konteksty miejskiej kultury. Studia antropologiczne

Author(s): Krystian Darmach / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: urban anthropology; night studies; night ethnography; anthropography; urban studies

The presented book is the result of several years of research into the nocturnal aspects of urban culture and nightlife. Observation, participation, interviews, conversations, narration, reflection. It is a reference to the previous proposal (City in the Mirror of the Night, WUŁ 2020), its development, correspondence, but also a separate work, an idea implemented in a different way, in a different form, emphasizing the subject of research interests, interpretative choices and description style in a different way. The Night City seems to be an inexhaustible area, still undescribed, mysterious and waiting to be discovered. The more so (among others, I see the greatest value of the presented work) in the Polish literature there is no systematic reflection on this subject, no cross-sectional research in this area has been conducted, and no discussions related to the nocturnal contexts of urban culture have been undertaken. I collected materials for scientific considerations for several years. I was traveling, systematically observing, methodically considering, talking, applying various, well-known ethnographic strategies in new contexts, looking at urban phenomena from the distance of theoretical concepts and conceptual categories, and vice versa, looking from the perspective of an urban, my own experience to theories and research concepts, and finally by participating in the night life of the cities I chose (Łódź, Lisbon, San Francisco, New York). Places and cities that appeared in my biography not only by accident, places where I feel good, which I know and rediscover, recognize, and which for many reasons still surprise me. They are unique to me and to world urban culture.

Residents' ties with the city. A sociological study of post-industrial Lodz

Więź mieszkańców z miastem. Studium socjologiczne poprzemysłowej Łodzi

Author(s): Kamil Brzeziński / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: urban sociology; post-industrial city; social ties; place attachment; Lodz

The monograph subject is residents' ties with the city. It is an attempt to answer the question: are we condemned to a compulsory uprooting from our "small homelands" – towns and cities – in the new, globalising social reality? The discussion concerns the city of Łódź which is an interesting place to examine the level of urban ties and place attachment due to its postindustrial character and its short but rather intense past. From the process of intensive industrialisation and urbanisation, through the experience of a centrally planned economy, to the systemic transformation, free market verification and the impact of global forces. The results of the survey, apart from their cognitive value, may also be a valuable inspiration for city authorities in shaping urban policies, especially in cities which, like Łódź, used to play the role of an industrial centre and, as a result of the transformation, lost this function. They may indicate directions of actions which will contribute to increasing the level of residents' attachment to the city and then limit migration tendencies.

The phenomena of propaganda and manipulation in the press, radio, television, and internet. Volume II

Zjawiska propagandy i manipulacji w prasie, telewizji, radiu i Internecie. Tom II

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: propaganda; manipulacja; fake news; dezinformacja

The phenomena of propaganda, persuasion, or manipulation still have a strong impact on the media space. The aim of the publication is to indicate the mechanisms used in various areas of the media sphere to purposefully shape the way of thinking and acting of mass communication recipients, both today and from a historical perspective. The volume includes various research methods distinctive for the humanities and social sciences, for example content analysis, case study, or linguistic analysis using digital tools. The authors of individual studies indicate, among others, features of a credible character in the advertising messages of banking institutions published in the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, observe how strongly the impact of fake news has revealed during the pandemic, or what features this type of false information has. The following chapters also show the differences in the way of reporting the course of the operation aimed at destroying the "iron triangle" by the American, North Vietnamese, and Polish media, methods of creating the image of Józef Piłsudski by the press in Poland and abroad in the years 1920-1939, the scale of the increasing indoctrination of the young generation in Russia in the context of Sergei Polunin, and finally the "call to action" tools used in marketing activities on Meta Business Suite accounts. The research shows that the repertoire of means used in propaganda, persuasion, or manipulation activities, inrelation to the media, is contantly transforming, adapting to changing circumstances.

Escaping: Thoughts from within the ethnography of life

Umykanie. Pomyślenia z etnografii życia

Author(s): Wojciech Józef Burszta,Marcin Kafar / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: ethnography of life; remembering; open work; death and dying; mourning

The work is a two-author project oriented around the concept of “ethnography of life,” proposed by Wojciech J. Burszta, then taken up and developed by Marcin Kafar. The ethnography of life is a hermeneutic tool for working on one’s own memory (it is captured by the metaphor of the “cadastre”), which–in the process of thinking and writing about it–allows the author/authors to reach events experienced in the past, but today renewed in the constant process of searching for meanings. Its main goal is an attempt to give meaning to one’s own life as a narrative unity (Paul Ricoeur), in the presented work stretched between two mutually complementary poles: private life and professional/scientific life (related to the activity undertaken in the world of the Academy). The distinguishing feature of the publication is its “open form” (Umberto Eco), generated by the specific circumstances of its creation. While the main part was written by Wojciech J. Burszta, the rest of the text was prepared after his death in 2021. The formula of “openness” was then saturated with additions of “blurred genres” (Clifford Geertz), taking the form of auto/biographically oriented explanations showing multiple aspects of the “life and work” of Wojciech J. Burszta. They include e.g. (i) the path of precipitating the concept of “ethnography of life,” taking into account its anthropological and educational nature, (ii) the formative background for exploring the key issues of the variant of Polish humanities at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, expressed through dialogue-constructed passages, and (iii) highly personal (culturally and socially conditioned) ground for understanding the self-human as facing the inevitability of one’s own finitude.

Methods of predicting business failure

Prognozowanie upadłości przedsiębiorstw

Author(s): Paweł Kopczyński / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: models used to predict corporate financial distress; listed companies; corporate failure; bankruptcy; models of multiple linear discriminant analysis (MLDA); financial analysis; financial ratios

Continuous access to information is essential for the effective management of modern enterprises. Information is essential for making decisions, monitoring the company's situation and analyzing the financial standing of its stakeholders. Information on the risk of bankruptcy is of particular importance for managers. A company that wants to stay viable should analyze its financial situation in order to identify emerging problems and solve them as quickly as possible. Therefore, any risk of bankruptcy should be immediately identified in order to take effective preventive measures. Knowledge of bankruptcy forecasting methods facilitates company management and allows investors to avoid losses associated with reckless investment in shares of financially distressed companies. This publication is devoted to the issue of bankruptcy. It shows the origin and development of bankruptcy law and explains the meaning of various terms such as bankruptcy, failure and other related concepts. Corporate failure prediction requires a constant supply of information, which is why the importance and role of enterprise information systems is also discussed. Their effective functioning will facilitate the identification of bankruptcy risk (which will enable restructuring actions to be taken), but will not eliminate it completely. The survival of the company and its market success depends on the effectiveness of the company's management reorganization processes. Crises affecting the business may force a reorganization that managers often do not want to undertake. Deep changes introduced in a company can have far reaching consequences which can often result in the company’s market success or failure, depending on how such changes are carried out. This publication provides a detailed discussion of financial ratios that can be used to predict corporate failure. It shows the development of modern bankruptcy forecasting methods, such as: multiple linear discriminant analysis (MLDA), as well as their effectiveness. Forecasting models that can be used in business practice are presented. The model of multiple linear discriminant analysis developed by the author, who hopes that it will be used by entrepreneurs, is also shown. The utilization of such methods to assess the risk of bankruptcy does not require advanced skills from the user. It comes down to a few simple calculations, and can contribute to a significant improvement in the company management process, helping to further streamline the company’s management process.

Danuta and Daniel Oledzki. Architecture worthy of its epoch

Danuta i Daniel Olędzcy. Architektura na miarę możliwości.

Author(s): Błażej Ciarkowski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: socialist modernism; socialist realism; Danuta Olędzka; Daniel Olędzki; modern architecture; polish people's republic

The biography of the couple of Tri-city architects, Danuta and Daniel Oledzki presents the image of designers of above-average professional achievements, authors of several buildings which were written down into the records of the history of Polish architecture. Grunwald Housing Estate (Grunwaldzka Dzielnica Mieszkaniowa) in Gdańsk, „falowce” multi-family housing, Wybrzeże Theater or Center of Culture in Kielce are ones of the most significant examples of Polish architecture raised in the times of socialism. Meanwhile, each of the projects includes its own story representing the everyday life in Polish People's Republic. The book dedicated to Danuta and Daniel Oledzki is not only a history of the projects and their execution. Their biographies are representative for the whole generation of architects who were born in the Second Polish Republic and entered adulthood in postwar Poland. They achieved their full potential in the times of Gomułka and Gierek and finally had to struggle the post-communist transformation. The history of Oledzkis and their works appears to be important in terms of preservation of the architecture heritage of PRL. The genesis of specific buildings and its circumstances enables the full, objective evaluation and, therefore, protection of their fundamental values.

Wisdom. The Psychology of Wise Thoughts, Words, and Deeds

Mądrość. Psychologia mądrych myśli, słów i czynów

Author(s): Robert J. Sternberg,Judith Glück / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: mądrość; Robert J. Sternberg, Judith Glück; psychologia; pedagogika; rozwój mądrości

Tłumaczenie publikacji czołowego badacza inteligencji, twórczości i mądrości, Roberta J. Sternberga z Uniwersytetu Cornella w USA oraz austriackiej badaczki z Uniwersytetu w Klagenfurcie, Judith Glück. Czytelnicy, szukający mądrych odpowiedzi na trudne pytania, znajdą tu pełen zestaw zagadnień związanych z mądrością: od uzasadnienia, dlaczego w dzisiejszych trudnych czasach ta tematyka jest ważna, poprzez przegląd głównych podejść teoretycznych, aż po postulaty jak rozwijać kompetencje mądrościowe, a także jak je rozpoznawać i kultywować u siebie. Lekturą z pewnością zainteresują się nie tylko badacze zdolności poznawczych i mądrości, profesjonalni psychologowie i pedagodzy oraz studenci tych kierunków, filozofowie i edukatorzy, ale także wszyscy, którzy pragną wieść mądre życie. Prezentujemy dzieło, jakiego jeszcze w polskiej psychologii i pedagogice nie było; dzieło, które uzupełnia dotkliwą lukę w badaniach nad tym jednym z najważniejszych i najcenniejszych przymiotów ludzkiego życia, jakim jest mądrość. Prof. dr hab. Krzysztof J. Szmidt Publikacja wpisuje się w dyskusję dotyczącą kształtu i sensu edukacji we współczesnym świecie, kompetencji kluczowych i możliwości przygotowania młodych ludzi na wyzwania jutra. Napisana jest w sposób zachęcający do polemiki i głębokiej refleksji – nie pozostawia czytelnika neutralnym. Dr Tomasz Knopik

Private life of Poles in the 19th century. Perspective of the table. Volume 11

Życie prywatne Polaków w XIX wieku. Perspektywa stołu. Tom 11

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: pożywienie; Polacy; niedostatek jedzenia; życie prywatne Polaków; XIX wiek; zdrowie; jedzenie

Prezentowany, jedenasty tom z serii Życie prywatne Polaków w XIX wieku, opatrzony podtytułem „Perspektywa stołu”, przenosi uwagę na kulturowe i społeczne kwestie spożywania i jedzenia. Stanowi próbę oglądu życia prywatnego i życia codziennego epoki przez pryzmat praktyk i nawyków żywieniowych oraz szeroko pojętej kultury jedzenia. Analiza życia prywatnego dziewiętnastowiecznych Polaków „z perspektywy stołu” – w kontekście kultury kulinarnej, rytuałów konsumpcyjnych oraz społecznych uwarunkowań wyżywienia nie była do tej pory podejmowana przez badaczy. Zdecydowanie lepiej opracowane są tradycje żywieniowe w epoce nowożytnej (kuchnia staropolska) czy w dobie wieków średnich. Wiek XIX, oglądany przez pryzmat kuchni, wydaje się szczególnie interesujący. Znamionował go szybki rozwój przemysłu i komunikacji (kolej), co dało początek stopniowej niwelacji zjawiska głodu na kontynencie europejskim. Na ziemiach polskich nastąpiło zetknięcie „kuchni polskiej” z „kuchnią zaborców”. Kulturowy i społeczny kontekst wyżywienia odsłania nie tylko warunki życia codziennego, ale stwarza też grunt pod refleksje na temat przemian cywilizacyjnych, gospodarczych i kulturowych społeczeństwa polskiego. Obrazuje procesy i kierunki modernizacji oraz obszary zacofania i środowiska spauperyzowane. „Pogoń za chlebem” była głównym motywem migracji ze wsi do miast. W realiach zaborowych „kultura stołu” może być odczytywana jako kultura „własna” – narodowa i „obca”, przenikająca ze struktur o odmiennej tradycji. Praktyki kulinarne i konwenanse związane ze spożywaniem przynoszą informacje również o mentalności Polaków. Doświadczenia kulinarne podczas podróży, na emigracji czy na zesłaniu, były często ważnym wątkiem literatury wspomnieniowej, dzienników i korespondencji. Tematyka dziewiętnastowiecznej kuchni i kultury przygotowywania oraz spożywania posiłków stwarza wiele możliwości interpretacyjnych i otwiera nowe perspektywy w badaniach nad społeczeństwem polskim w dobie zaborów.