Карло XII и Порта: преговори око повратка у Шведску у светлу енглеских извора
Charles XII and Porte: Negotiations about Return to Sweden in the Light of English Sources

Summary/Abstract: Charles XII, who had had closer contacts with the Porte as of 1707, two years after the defeat by Russians at Poltava, was forced to seek refuge in the Ottoman territory. His stay in the Ottoman Empire was a precedent in the diplomatic history of the Porte. During this period, conduct of the Porte towards him did not remain uniform. Sources used in this work and literature accuse Charles XII for wilfulness on the verge of stubbornness, because he persistently and each time with new excuses, refused to leave the Ottoman Empire, in the moments when even the Porte realised that his presence there created difficulties. Frequent and offhanded wars with Poland and Russia at the same time show instability of the Porte, that did not manage to impose unified course on its foreign affairs. Basic intention of Charles XII, during his stay in the Ottoman Empire, was to involve the Porte in a new war with Russia. This became possible when Yusuf-Pasha, right after being elected a grand vizier (1711–1712) declared a war on Russia. Stay of Charles XII in their territory caused a great deal of attention of the Ottoman public which, being built on Sharia tradition and sayings of the Prophet (Hadiths), considered that every guest should be provided with hospitality, even if he was infidel (as was Charles XII). Because of this, Yusuf-Pasha, together with sheikh-ul-islam, sanjak-bay of Bender and Tatar khan, was removed. One of the most important experiences he gained (1714) was the necessity of his country to establish regular diplomatic relations with the Porte.

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