Глагол ЗНАТЬ в Активном словаре русского языка
The Verb ЗНАТЬ (to know) in the Active Dictionary of Russian

Summary/Abstract: The paper contains a description of words with the meaning of knowledge and understanding as they are represented in the Active Dictionary of Russian. ‘Знать’ (to know) is a fundamental sense underlying a considerable fragment of Russian mental lexis. It makes part of the meaning of some two dozen semantic classes of words, in particular, words denoting: a) physical or mental loss (потерять X = to lose X – ‘to leave X somewhere and not to know where it is’, забыть P = to forget P – ‘to cease to know P that one has earlier known’); b) deception (солгать = to lie – ‘to tell somebody something with the view to making him / her believe it, although the Agent knows that it is not true’; c) concealment (секрет = secret – ‘a piece of information that is known by a limited number of people and is deliberately not told to anybody else’. At a deeper level the sense ‘знать’ is closely linked with some other fundamental senses of the mental sphere, above all, with the sense ‘понимать’ (to understand); in fact, understanding is triple knowledge somebody acquired on the basis of prior experience, present in his / her mind at the moment at issue and projected into the future. In its turn the sense ‘понимать’ makes part of the meanings of words denoting: a) explanation (объяснять P = to explain P – ‘to tell somebody something in order to make him / her understand P’); b) guessing (догадаться = to guess – ‘to understand in the absence of sufficient conditions for it’); c) hinting; and some other.

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