TRAJNOSTNA IZHODIŠČA V ARHITEKTURI FRANKA LLOYDA WRIGHTA
SUSTAINABLE ORIGINS IN ARCHITECTURE OF FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

Summary/Abstract: Frank Lloyd Wright is the greatest American architect and one of the greatest architects the world. His career began at the end of the 19th century, during the great architectural boom in Chicago, under the mentorship of Louis Henry Sullivan, from whom he adopted and then perfected the concepts of organic architecture and the Prairie house. During the Depression years, Wright developed a cheaper and simpler variant of the Prairie house: the Usonian house. Wright's architecture is characterised by an entirely new approach to building design, particularly the design of houses. He reduced the number of rooms by combining their functions in a large living space with a central fireplace. He used large glazed areas to connect the external environment of the house with the interior. The natural environment of the prairie was the inspiration for the horizontal lines that characterised his architecture. His buildings are low in height, close to human scale and with a great feeling for the natural setting in which they are built. He selected materials from the surrounding area and the principal decoration of his architecture was the natural structure of the material. The paper presents the ideas of organic architecture, the Prairie house, the Usonian house, along with the best examples of Wright's architecture and the criteria he employed in the selection of materials and construction technologies. The environmental aspect of his philosophy of the use of materials is considered in the discussion section. Wright may be considered a pioneer of sustainable architecture.

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