Actual research status of the Chalcolithic cultures Polyanitsa and Boian
Actual research status of the Chalcolithic cultures Polyanitsa and Boian

Summary/Abstract: Archaeological researches in the ‘70s of the XX century from North-Eastern Bulgaria lead to definition of the Chalcolithic culture Polyanitsa. The development of this culture has been divided into 4 phases and the last one is related to the middle Chalcolithic period. On the North of river Danube, culture Boian has been registered in same period, with its phases Vidra and Spanţov. After 1990 the researches continue, and during the last decade the field work on more spots and objects stretches to the valleys of the rivers Yantra and Golyama Kamchiya in Bulgaria. In the period 2000-2010, archaeological excavations taken place in Hotnitsa, Petko Karavelovo, Dzhouliunitsa “Smurdesh”, Orlovets “Erendzhika” sites (Veliko Turnovo region), Lovets “Ereklik”, Lovets “Zmiyskiyat ostrov” and Ivanovo “Banyata” (Shoumen region). They all contribute to enrich the information about the material and spiritual life of the Polyanitsa communities. Unfortunately on the territory of Romania new researches on Boian Vidra and Boian Spanţov have not occurred. The discussion focused on the similar elements between Chalcolithic cultural phenomena Polyanitsa and Boian is still in progress. We assume that in the beginning of these period, contacts between inhabitants living North and South from Danube tend to be more active and exchanges between them becoming more intense. As a result from their dynamic interactions, both cultures get closer culturally and thus they form a new larger community with many common characteristic features. We have defined the above community as cultural complex Polyanitsa-Boian. This cultural complex is composed of local groups with their own characteristics, marked by traditions inherited and also by close contacts with other cultures.

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